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NANJING, April 23 (Xinhua) -- At a time when almost every commodity in China is getting more expensive, the dwindling cost of medicine is a rarity.Zhang Jinkui, a hypertension patient, buys medicines from the community health center of his neighborhood in Changzhou, a city in east China's coastal Jiangsu Province.His prescription list includes Aspirin Enteric-coated tablets, down to 1.4 yuan from 4.7 yuan (0.7 U.S. dollars) per unit, and Fosinopril Sodium Tablets, down to 41.39 yuan from 51.6 yuan per unit.Both drugs are found on the essential drug list unveiled in 2009. The list names the 307 most common western and traditional Chinese medicines, which are heavily subsidized so hospitals can sell them at cost price.A consumer buys medicines with the help of a retailer at a pharmacy in Lianyungang, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2011.All essential medicines are listed by their generic names, and drug producers compete to supply essential medicines through public procurement.Due to a long history of low government funding for state-run hospitals, which often covers only 10 percent of the hospitals' operating costs, doctors have generated income for hospitals by aggressively prescribing expensive, and sometimes unnecessary, medicines and treatments.The essential medicine system and the reform of publicly funded hospitals, two pillars of China's health reform, are designed to address high medical costs and low accessibility of medical services.In April 2009, China kicked off health reforms aimed at correcting these long-standing problems facing China's health system and easing public grievances.Two years later, the essential medicine system has reduced drug prices, but still fails to please hospitals, patients and drug producers.The system requires government-funded grassroots health clinics, including urban community health centers and rural clinics, to prescribe only essential medicines and to sell these medicines at cost price, rather than with the previous 15 percent mark-up.Such policies have brought hard times to grassroots health clinics, especially in cash-strapped areas.Song Wenzhi, a public health professor at Peking University, said "Grassroots health clinics, without the expertise to perform operations and other treatments, rely heavily on selling drug," adding that these hospitals have found themselves scraping by due to the zero percent mark-up policy.Wang Zhiying, Vice Director of the People's Hospital of Anxiang County in the city of Changde, Hunan Province, said four grassroots hospitals in Changde tested the essential medicine system as pilot projects, but the zero percent mark-up policy took away 60 to 70 percent of the hospitals' revenue.Wang was quoted by "Health News," a newspaper run by China's Ministry of Health, as saying that, due to financial difficulties, the county government had not yet channeled the 8 million yuan (1.2 million U.S.dollars) in support funds into the hospitals' accounts, resulting in the resignations of many doctors.The essential medicine system covers 60 percent of government-funded grassroots hospitals and drug prices have fallen by an average of 30 percent, said Sun Zhigang, Director of the Health Reform Office under the State Council, or China's Cabinet.According to the health reform plan for 2011, the essential medicine system will cover all government-sponsored health institutions at the grassroots level by the end of the year and drugs will be sold there at a zero percent mark-up.Song Wenzhi said the key will be the commitment of local governments to health reform and their financial input. This way, essential medicines can benefit the public without bankrupting grassroots health institutions."That would be a great sum of money." said Song, citing his own studies. "There are roughly 5,000 government-funded hospitals in China. One third of them make profits, one third barely break even, and still one third rely heavily on government subsidies."To maintain the poorest hospitals, central and local level governments would need to invest 15 billion yuan (2.3 billion U.S. dollars) each year, according to Song's estimate.

BEIJING, Feb. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minster Yang Jiechi and his Austrian counterpart Michael Spindelegger held talks here on Tuesday, pledging to enhance bilateral ties through deeper cooperation.Yang hailed the remarkable development of bilateral ties since the two countries established diplomatic relations 40 years ago.He said both sides should see the 40th anniversary as a new starting point for maintaining traditional friendship, deepening political mutual trust, expanding cooperation and enhancing cultural exchanges, to strive for greater development of bilateral ties.He stressed that China appreciates the Austrian government's adherence to the one-China policy.For his part, Spindelegger said the Austrian side attaches great importance to developing ties with China and he hoped both sides will strengthen cooperation in various fields in a more pragmatic way.The two also exchanged views on some international and regional issues of common concern.

KIGALI, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- Li Zhaozhuo, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), will head a high-level delegation to Rwanda this month to boost friendly and cooperative ties between the two countries.According to a statement released by Rwanda's Senate on Tuesday, the three-day visit will begin on Feb. 18 and is to strengthen regular contacts between Rwandan and Chinese parliamentary chambers on a number of issues and review bilateral projects.Chinese Ambassador to Rwanda Shu Zhan has confirmed that the official delegation from China is "planning an outreach visit" to Rwanda.After a meeting with the Chinese envoy to Rwanda on Tuesday, the president of Rwanda's Senate, Vincent Biruta, said his country's legislative chambers would continue to promote friendly ties with the CPPCC and play a "constructive role" in promoting bilateral cooperation.Rwanda have received training assistance from China in the applications of information communication technology (ICT) in parliaments.The Central African nation has a long-standing bilateral relationship with China in a number of socio-economic areas such as infrastructure, energy, education, health, agriculture and communications.

CANBERRA, May 27 (Xinhua) -- An Australian student has discovered a part of the universe that astrophysicists have spent decades trying to find, Australia's Monash University on Friday confirmed in a statement.Astrophysicists have long thought the universe has a greater mass than is visible in the planets, but they had no way of proving it is there.Undergraduate student Amelia Fraser-McKelvie, 22, was on a summer internship at Monash University to learn more about astrophysics, when she managed to solve one of the big mysteries of science.Fraser-McKelvie, an aerospace engineering student, conducted a targeted X-ray search for the matter and found evidence of it within three months.Her tutor, Kevin Pimbblet, said the discovery is significant."We've been looking for this ordinary matter for a couple of decades," he said in a statement on Friday."It's been published in one of the most prestigious journals in the world, so astronomers all over the world will be able to read this article."Scientists had thought the matter would have a temperature of about 1 million degrees Celsius, 1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit, and should therefore be observable at X-ray wavelengths.Amelia Fraser-McKelvie's discovery has proved that prediction is correct, Pimbblet said.The trio published a research paper on the missing mass in one of the world's oldest and most prestigious scientific journals, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.He said the discovery could change the way telescopes are built.

BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- Forty people died in more than 118,000 cases of fire reported across China from February 2 to February 8, as Chinese revelers celebrated the Lunar New Year holiday with fireworks, according to a statement released Tuesday by the country's Ministry of Public Security.The number of cases jumped from the 7,480 fires reported during last year's Spring Festival holiday, which caused losses worth 28.5 million yuan. The incidents also injured 37 people and caused more than 56 million yuan (8.5 million U.S. dollars) in damages, which is almost double the figure from last year.However, this year's losses did not include a case in northeastern Liaoning Province where a five-star hotel in the city of Shenyang was set ablaze by fireworks on February 3.The fire, which caused no casualties, is possibly the country's largest fireworks accident during this year's Spring Festival celebrations.According to the statement, some 260,000 police and fire fighters across the country were mobilized for 24,800 fire control missions.The personnel rescued more than 1,600 people and evacuated tens of thousands. Fire departments have been strengthening monitoring of high-rise buildings, shopping malls, markets, construction sites and other crowded or vulnerable locations.Also, a total of 173 companies were suspended from operating for failing to meet fire prevention and control standards, according to the ministry.