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BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Minister of National Defense said on Tuesday it had reduced the country's military reserves forces from 600,000 to 510,000 men and women over the past five years.China has also reduced the number of people in its militias from 10 million to eight million during the same period, said Gen. Liang Guanglie in an interview with Xinhua.It is the first time the Chinese government has given the exact number of people in the reserve forces and militias. In times of emergencies, the reserve forces and militias can be ordered to assist China's 2.3-million regular troops, the People's Liberation Army (PLA).Although China has experienced around 30 years of peace, Gen. Liang said the PLA has never relaxed its military preparations and vigilance especially at a time when "regional military conflicts can not be ruled out."In times of peace, the PLA's reserves conduct regular military training and participate in non-combat military operations, such as disaster relief work.The minister said the PLA had pushed forward military reforms in the past five years to build a more powerful military with upgraded weapon systems and high-quality personnel.Currently, 80 percent of the PLA's officers have four years of higher education compared with 25.8 percent in 1998, Gen. Liang said.To improve the quality of military personnel, the Chinese government has encouraged university graduates to join the armed forces since 2009. More than 100,000 college graduates gained their uniforms in 2010.In the past five years, China has dispatched more than 13,000 United Nations-commissioned peacekeepers to carry out 13 U.N. missions around the world, according to Liang.The PLA also sent professional units to Haiti, Pakistan and other countries and regions for disaster relief efforts and to give medical aids and other humanitarian relief, he said.

BEIJING, Jan. 10 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States agreed to avoid misunderstanding in developing military ties amid U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates' visit to Beijing to restore impaired high-level military exchanges.In their official talks on Monday, Chinese Defense Minister Liang Guanglie and Gates reached consensus on joint efforts to expand common interests, deepen dialogue and exchanges, and avoid misunderstanding and miscalculation to ensure military ties back on the sound track.They pledged to keep open the channel for exchange mechanism like defense and maritime security consultations between the two militaries."There are many areas where we have mutual interests and can work together, those disagreements are best dealt with through dialogue and discussions with one another," said Gates.Chinese Defense Minister Liang Guanglie (R) shakes hands with the visiting U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates at a welcome ceremony in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 10, 2011. His visit, which came ahead of Chinese President Hu Jintao's state visit to United States later this month, was one of the scheduled high-level contacts that were postponed after the Pentagon decided to sell a nearly 6.4-billion-U.S.-dollar arms package to Taiwan in January of 2010.While reaching agreements on developing resumed military exchanges, the Chinese defense chief warned that U.S. arms sale to Taiwan "jeopardizes China's core interests.""We do not want to see such things happen again. We do not want U.S. weapon sales to Taiwan to further damage the relationship between China and the United States and the two nations' armed forces," Liang told a press briefing.On a question on the development of China's military power, Liang rejected claims that China's military development is a threat, saying its weapons still lag far behind developed countries."China's military hardware development is to meet its sovereignty and security requirements and targets no other countries and poses no threat to others," said Liang.Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping, while meeting with Gates later on Monday, stressed "reliable political basis" for Sino-U.S. military ties, which have gone through ups and downs in the past years.Xi, also vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, urged the two militaries to take measures to safeguard the "stable and reliable" political foundation, that is, mutual respect for sovereignty, security and development interests."China-U.S. military relationship, as an important part of bilateral ties, is a sensitive field with more complicated factors," said Xi, hoping military-to-military relations could move forward in a healthy and stable manner.Another Vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission Xu Caihou made a three-point proposal on developing China-U.S. military ties, in his meeting with Gates.Xu called on to respect and accommodate each other's core interest and major concern, to cultivate and increase strategic trust between the two armed forces, and to consolidate and expand common interests for both sides.Calling U.S.-China relations the "most important" bilateral ties in the world, Gates told Xu that his visit achieved "important progress" in building stable military ties between both countries.Gates said his country was expecting President Hu's state visit. Hu is due to meet with Gates on Tuesday."China-U.S. military exchanges plays an irreplaceable role in solving deeper differences between the two countries," said Zhu Feng, an researcher on China-U.S. relations with Peking University.He said the military contacts would greatly help to beef up strategic trust between China and the United States, and also influence public opinion.Gates will visit the command of the Second Artillery Force of the PLA on Wednesday. This is his second China trip since he took office in December 2006.

BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- A senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has called on judicial and public security authorities to step up efforts to resolve social conflict and embrace fairness in law enforcement.Zhou Yongkang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the remarks at a three-day meeting in Beijing attended by CPC officials from local governments and leaders of judicial and public security departments. Zhou Yongkang (C, back), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, remarks at a three-day meeting in Beijing attended by CPC officials from local governments and leaders of judicial and public security departments, in Beijing, capital of China. China is challenged by the heavy task of safeguarding national security and maintaining social harmony and stability over the next five years, he said at the meeting, which ended Monday.Efforts should be made to address issues related to people's immediate interests, like public security and social justice, he stressed.Zhou called on judicial and public security authorities to continue their fight against violent crime, terrorism and separatism in accordance with the law.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- China has moved to speed up the building of a clean government ruled by law, part of the country's efforts to further enhance the government's credibility and maintain a harmonious social order for its rapid economic development.The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council, or China' s cabinet, issued guidelines on Monday focusing on creating a government ruled by law, which requires officials and government staff to improve their ability in addressing "prominent problems" through legal means and invites the public to contribute to legislation.According to a statement issued along with the guidelines, the State Council said it was "important" and "imperative" to build a government ruled by law, as China now faces challenges, including imbalanced development of rural and urban areas, a widening income gap, an increased numbers of "social conflicts" , as well as corruption and injustice in law enforcement in some sectors.An official with the Legislative Affairs Office said Monday that the guidelines will further safeguard public interests and maintain social and economic order by requiring stepped-up efforts from authorities to investigate and punish cases that run counter to the country' s mandate for the safe production and issues related to food safety, the protection of natural resources and the environment, as well as public security.The guidelines, which requires officials and government staff to improve their ability in addressing "prominent problems" through legal means, also stipulates that if officials perform their duties according to the law or are skillful at solving disputes by legal means, they will more likely be promoted.However, government officials will be held liable for malfeasance or failure to fulfil their duty in major accidents or cases that have seriously violated laws.Further, the guidelines stress the importance of public participation in legislation, saying people's opinions, reasonable needs and legitimate interests should all be considered in lawmaking.Additionally, the guidelines state that the legislative process shall not be influenced to favor the interests of a certain sector or protect local interests.Also, to facilitate the creation of a clean and transparent government, the guidelines require all government information, aside from that involved in state, commercial or private secrets, to be open to the public.Government departments are also required to reply to pubic requests on the release of government information within a certain period of time and improve the ways of handling government affairs, according to the guidelines.

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