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Doctors say a Massachusetts construction worker’s love of black licorice wound up costing him his life. Eating a bag and a half every day for a few weeks threw his nutrients out of whack and caused the 54-year-old man’s heart to stop, according to a report Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine. “Even a small amount of licorice you eat can increase your blood pressure a little bit,” said Dr. Neel Butala, a cardiologist at Massachusetts General Hospital who described the case. The problem is glycyrrhizic acid, found in black licorice and in many other foods and dietary supplements containing licorice root extract. It can cause dangerously low potassium and imbalances in other minerals called electrolytes.Eating as little as 2 ounces of black licorice a day for two weeks could cause a heart rhythm problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration warns.The death was clearly an extreme case. The man had switched from red, fruit-flavored twists to the black licorice version of the candy a few weeks before his death last year. He collapsed while having lunch at a fast-food restaurant. 1111

Dining out frequently is known to increase one's intake of unhealthy sugars and fats. But a new study suggests that there's another reason to eat at home more often: phthalates.Phthalates are potentially harmful chemicals found in hundreds of consumer products, including perfumes, hair sprays, shampoos and the plastics used in food processing and packaging.Consumption of these chemicals has?been linked to birth defects in young boys as well as behavioral problems and obesity in older children and adults. Exposure in utero can alter the development of the male reproductive tract, resulting in incomplete descent of one or both testicles.Scientists also suspect that the chemicals can disrupt hormones and may cause fertility problems. They've connected them to childhood obesity, asthma, neurological problems, cardiovascular issues and even cancer."Phthalates are a class of synthetic chemicals known as endocrine disruptors, meaning they affect hormones in the body," said Dr. Sheela Sathyanarayana, an associate professor of pediatrics at Seattle Children's Hospital and the University of Washington and past chairwoman of the Environmental Protection Agency's Children's Health Protection Advisory Committee, who was not involved in the study. "Hormones are essential for normal body functions such as reproduction or metabolism."The?study, published Wednesday in the journal Environment International, found that the phthalate levels of participants who had eaten at restaurants, cafeterias and fast-food outlets in the previous day were 35% higher than those who reported eating food purchased at the grocery store.Those who dined out were probably exposed to the chemicals via foods that had been in contact with plastic packaging, said Ami Zota, an assistant professor of environmental and occupational health at George Washington University and a leading author on the study."The main idea is that food that is made in restaurants and cafeterias may be coming into contact with materials containing phthalates in part because some portion of the food is made in decentralized locations," Zota said."Most of the phthalates that are of most concern from a health perspective are plasticizers; they're added to make plastics soft," she added. "They're added to food packaging, they can be in food handling gloves, and they can be found in food tubing."The study relied on data collected between 2005 and 2014 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, administered every two years by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It included 10,253 people who were asked about their dining habits over the past 24 hours and who provided urine samples to evaluate phthalate levels in the body.The researchers found that about two-thirds of respondents reported dining out at least once the previous day. Those who dined out also had significantly greater levels of phthalate metabolites in their urine.This association was consistent across all ages, genders and ethnicities, but it was strongest among teenagers who ate out: They had phthalate levels 55% higher than those who ate at home."The association between phthalate exposure and dining out existed in all age groups, but the magnitude of the association was highest for teenagers," Zota said. "Certain foods, especially cheeseburgers and other sandwiches, were also associated with increased levels of phthalates, but only if they were purchased from a dining-out establishment."This is not the first time phthalate levels have been linked to food sources. In 2016, Zota led?a study?that showed a connection between phthalate exposure and fast-food restaurants. The new study expands on this research by showing that the link persists even when eating at other types of establishments, such as sit-down restaurants and cafeterias, she said."We first used this methodology to focus on fast food and found some striking associations between recent fast food consumption and phthalate exposure," Zota said. "And now, we extended that to see if the findings were unique to fast food, or how do they compare to other food outlets that may reflect other types of food processing and manufacturing systems?"Last year,?a report found high concentrations of phthalates in macaroni and cheese mixes, which prompted a push for additional regulation of the chemicals in food. Although the US Food and Drug Administration monitors levels of phthalates in a number of cosmetics, it does not regulate its presence in food or beverage products."Policy would need to focus on reducing phthalate exposures in food production processes. Food manufacturers would need to know about sources of contamination and work to reduce these," Sathyanarayana said. "The other way to approach it is to either reduce or ban phthalate use in food manufacturing."The good news, though, is that phthalates linger in the body for only about a day. Changing your eating habits and consuming more home-cooked meals could therefore have almost immediate health benefits, according to Zota."Preparing food at home may represent a win-win," Zota said. "Home-cooked meals can be a good way to reduce sugar, unhealthy fats and salt, and this study suggests that they may not have as many harmful phthalates as restaurant meals."The other important point is that these chemicals are ubiquitous in the environment," she added."So, to really reduce everyone's exposure to these potentially harmful chemicals, we need systemic changes to how our food is produced and transported, and that's going to require changes in policy as well as market-based solutions." 5643

Each winter, many people wonder whether its worth getting a flu shot while health officials repeatedly warn against not getting one.Now a new study sheds light on the benefit of doing so. Even when the flu shot is just 20% effective it can still reduce US doctor visits due to illness by an estimated 20 million in a single year, the new report published in the scientific journal PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States) finds.In addition, vaccination also can prevent thousands of hospitalizations and deaths, the study authors estimated based on the average vaccination coverage rate in the United States."Getting vaccinated against influenza is beneficial to the individual and to the community even when the vaccine is of relatively low efficacy," said Burton H. Singer, co-author of the study and an adjunct professor for the Emerging Pathogens Institute at University of Florida in Gainesville.Caused by viruses, flu is a contagious respiratory illness with mild to severe symptoms that can sometimes lead to death. The flu virus evolves rapidly and new viruses circulate in different parts of the world, so each year scientists must reformulate the vaccine. Add to that an imperfect manufacturing process and even a 'good match' formulation may not be as effective as scientists would like.In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated just 36% effectiveness for the 2017-18 seasonal vaccine as of February 3. (The season ends in May.)For the new study, Singer and his colleagues created a mathematical model of flu transmission and vaccination to evaluate how much illness is prevented by even a very low effectiveness flu vaccine. The research team found that at the average rate of US coverage even a poor vaccine would prevent a significant amount of illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths.For example, at just 43% coverage (the average rate of Americans who received a flu shot for the years 2012 through 2017), a vaccine with just 20% effectiveness could avert more than 20 million infections or illnesses as compared to not getting the vaccine. In addition, 129,000 hospitalizations and 61,000 deaths could be prevented.Based on the model, if more people got a flu shot, say half of the US population, the same 20% effective flu shot would prevent an additional 3.63 million infections, 21,987 hospitalizations and 8,479 deaths."When a vaccine is fully effective on 50% or more of the people who are vaccinated, you need to primarily focus on vaccinating young children," said Singer. The reason? Children are still building immunity and they pass germs around at school."As efficacy of the vaccine decreases, it becomes increasingly important for the elderly to be vaccinated in addition to young children," said Singer, since the elderly are more likely to develop complications from the flu, such as pneumonia, which can be deadly.The CDC reported a total of 160 flu-related deaths in children and 30,064 flu-related hospitalizations overall?between October 1, 2017 and April 21, 2018. The highest rate of hospitalization occurred among adults 65 years old and older.Richard Webby, a flu scientist who is part of the World Health Organization's advisory board and a member of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital's Department of Infectious Diseases, said "effectiveness estimates go up and down based on a number of factors including match of vaccine and circulating strain and probably other factors we don't fully understand.""The take home message from the past few seasons is that there is much room for improvement," said Webby, who was not involved in the research.Still, more people, particularly the elderly, need to get vaccinated even when the vaccine effectiveness is lower than hoped, Webby said: "This study suggests that even with a less than optimal vaccine there is still much public health benefit that can be achieved if these are used properly and widely." 3992

EL CAJON, Calif. (KGTV) - Vandals tagged two Catholic Churches in El Cajon with graffiti early Saturday morning, shocking parishioners."It's very devastating," says Father Daniel Shaba of the St. Peter's Chaldean Catholic Cathedral. "We fled persecution in Iraq, and here we are facing it again, in a place where we thought we wouldn't."Graffiti at St. Peter's, and also at Our Mother of Perpetual Help Catholic Church, featured swastikas, white power slogans, pentagrams, the Black Lives Matter acronym BLM, and the words "Biden 2020.""It was very confusing," says Father Shaba. "It had things that didn't have to do much with each other."Father Shaba found the graffiti early Saturday morning when he arrived at St. Peter's. He posted a video of it on twitter.Word of the vandalism spread fast, but help from the community came more quickly.By mid-morning, community members with power washers and paintbrushes helped Father Shaba clean up at St. Peter's. He told 10News everything had either been covered up or washed away by the afternoon and called the help a blessing."I'm very proud of them," Father Shaba says of his community. "We had an enormous amount of people come and see how they could help us in any way, shape, or form. But to also hold tight to Jesus."The Sheriff's Department confirmed they are investigating both instances. In a statement, they say no suspects have been identified, but there is "no tolerance for these crimes occurring in our communities."Father Shaba says surveillance cameras at his church caught high-quality footage of the vandals. He says they'll seek justice. He also has a message for the vandals."To the people who did this, we will pray for you. We will pray for your conversion and repentance," he says. 1759

DICKSON, Tenn. — Animal rescue officials said dogs found with signs of abuse and neglect belonged to the family of missing 5-year-old Joe Clyde Daniels.Two dogs were found left on a stranger’s property on Garners Creek Road last Sunday night, three days before Joe Clyde was reported missing by his parents.The Dickson County Humane Society and TCB Kennels Boarding & Rescue have been working to give the dogs proper care. “It was pretty sad,” said DCHS General Manager Vivienne Akhdary. “They were very skinny. They were covered in fleas and ticks and were very scared. The dogs were not well taken care of, and behavior shows definite signs of abuse.”“They just pulled over and dropped them off,” said TCB Kennels Boarding & Rescue Founder Trisha Davis.Davis has been taking care of the dogs because the animal shelter is full. The homeowner who found them first contacted her.“They’re actually still searching for the property where the dogs were dropped off,” added Davis.They said it was confirmed the dogs belonged to the Daniels family by relatives and neighbors.The homeowner lived nine miles away from the Daniels. More than a week later, the dogs, now named Joey and Clyde to honor the 5-year-old boy, have been doing better and hope to find a more permanent home soon. Davis said no one has claimed the dogs back. The body of Joe Clyde has not been found, but the search continued one week later.His father, Joseph Daniels, was charged with one count of criminal homicide after he confessed to allegedly beating his son to death and disposing of his body in a rural and remote location.His mother, Krystal Daniels, was later arrested for child neglect or endangerment after she admitted to being at the house when her son died and failed to report the abuse or alleged homicide despite multiple opportunities, according to court documents. Belle Daniels, Joe’s grandmother, told Scripps station WTVF in Nashville she does not know why her son would commit the alleged crime.Akhdary said she cannot help but feel uneasy of what could have gone on behind closed doors.“The parents did not take care of their kids. I don’t think they spent a lot of time taking good care of the dogs.”To help the shelter and donate to the dogs’ cause, visit the Humane Society of Dickson County online.WTVF stopped at the family's house this week, but they declined to do an interview. 2442

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