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发布时间: 2025-05-24 16:43:14北京青年报社官方账号
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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

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BEIJING, Dec. 24 (Xinhua) -- A report on the building of rural social security system was submitted Thursday to the ongoing session of the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, for deliberation.     Sun Wensheng, vice chairman of the NPC Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee, said steady progress had been made in the development of rural social security system when delivering the report at the session of the NPC Standing Committee.     A total of 833 million rural residents, or 94 percent of the rural population, have joined the rural cooperative medical care system, up 2.5 percentage points from the beginning of this year, according to the report.     The rural cooperative medical care system, a government initiative implemented in 2005 that intended to make health services more affordable for the rural poor, had alleviated illness-caused poverty among farmers, it said.     The report said 320 counties, or 11.6 percent of the country's total, had been or would be approved to try a new rural social pension insurance system, which would benefit more than 15 million rural residents.     Under the pension system, senior rural residents will receive a monthly ole-age pension of varying amounts, which will be set by government according to the local income standards.     However, some local governments were financially challenged to implement the rural social security programs and only a relatively small percentage of migrant farmer workers were covered, Sun said.     The report was the result of a nearly four-month investigation conducted by the NPC Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee.     Initiated in September, the investigation covered 17 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.

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SEOUL, Dec. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping put forward a four-point plan to cement China-South Korea ties when he met South Korean Prime Minister Chung Un Chan here on Thursday.     Xi said China and the South Korea were neighbors and the relationship had been promoted since they established diplomatic ties in 1992. The exchanges of the visits by the two heads of states last year upgraded the relations to strategic and cooperative partnership, which benefited both countries and helped promote regional peace, stability and prosperity.     Xi's proposal to foster the Sino-ROK relationship was:     -- To enhance high-level contact and political trust:     The two countries should also increase exchanges between the governments, parliaments and parties. China appreciated the adherence by South Korea to the one-China policy and its support on the Taiwan and Tibet issues, Xi said.     -- To expand trade and economic cooperation:     The two countries should explore new ways on high-tech, energy-saving, and environmental protection cooperation. Xi called on the two sides to complete joint research and initiate free trade agreement negotiation.     -- To increase personnel exchanges:     The two sides should further improve exchanges on education, culture and tourism and properly handle the issues concerning the sentiments of the two peoples.     -- And, to strengthen coordination in multilateral frameworks, including the meeting mechanism of China, South Korea and Japan:     On the situation on the Korean Peninsula, Xi said all relevant sides should take the chance to show flexibility to resume the six-party talks at an early date.     Xi also said China would push for the Copenhagen climate change conference to achieve a result in line with the "Bali Roadmap."     Chung Un Chan pledged to complete the joint research on free trade agreement as soon as possible, and advance coordination with China under the G20 and the framework of China, Japan and South Korea.     Xi arrived here Wednesday night after a visit in Japan. He will also visit Myanmar and Cambodia.

  

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States issued a joint statement in Beijing Tuesday, vowing to deepen counter-terrorism consultation and cooperation between the two countries on an equal and mutually beneficial basis.     The two sides promised they would boost joint efforts to combat transnational crime and criminal organizations as well as money laundering and the financing of terrorism, including counterfeiting and recovery of illicit funds.     Issued after the meeting between Chinese President Hu Jintao and visiting U.S. President Barack Obama, the statement formulated that the two countries would strengthen cooperation on criminal investigations and deepen collaboration in combating embezzlement.     Other areas, such as counter-narcotics, control of pre-cursor chemicals and combating unlawful migration, smuggling and human trafficking, are also targeted for more cooperation in the future.     The two countries agreed to exchange evidence and intelligence on law enforcement issues in a timely and reciprocal manner, and undertake joint investigations as well as provide investigative assistance on cases of mutual interest, according to the statement.     Obama is in Beijing for a four-day state visit to China that started in Shanghai on Sunday night.

  

BEIJING, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Tuesday called for more efforts to optimize land use in order to save resources and further economic restructuring.     Li made the remarks during an inspection to the Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR). As the most populous country in the world, China has been faced with shortages of land, water, energy and minerals, and the shortages were worsened by rapid economic growth, he said. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd R) inspects the Ministry of Land and Resources in Beijing, Nov. 24, 2009.    Li stressed strict control on land use for the construction of high energy consuming and polluting projects, projects with excessive capacity as well as duplication of similar projects.     China started its second nationwide land census in June, 2007. The MLR said the census was going smoothly and had collected preliminary data from local authorities. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang inspects the Ministry of Land and Resources in Beijing, Nov. 24, 2009.

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