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They're the hallmark of vaping — the massive clouds that sometimes come in different shapes.But how does a little e-liquid become those clouds?We're going inside an e-cigarette to find out.The devices usually have four main parts: a reservoir that holds e-liquid, a battery, a heating element and a mouthpiece.The first step is to add e-liquid to the reservoir or to attach a pre-made cartridge.The liquid is made of nicotine, flavoring, vegetable glycerin and propylene glycol. You’ll find propylene glycol in things like inhalers and fog machines. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration says it’s all safe.Next, the battery warms up the heating element and that vaporizes the e-liquid. The vapor travels through the e-cigarette, out the mouthpiece and into the lungs.When exhaled, the vapor vanishes into the air fairly quickly.The heat is low enough that it doesn't combust — or burn — the liquid.Supporters say vaporizing creates fewer dangerous compounds than combustion.The American Cancer Society says vapor can still contain harmful chemicals or substances, like volatile organic compounds, or VOCs.They cause inflammation and can make the kidneys, liver or nervous system fail.According to the American Cancer Society, vapor can also contain harmful flavoring chemicals and formaldehyde. 1312

Three American crew members were killed Thursday when a C-130 Hercules aerial water tanker crashed while battling wildfires in southeastern Australia, officials said.New South Wales Premier Gladys Berejiklian confirmed the crash deaths in the state’s Snowy Monaro region, which came as Australia grapples with an unprecedented fire season that has left a large swath of destruction.Coulson Aviation in the U.S. state of Oregon said in a statement that one of its Lockheed large air tankers was lost after it left Richmond in New South Wales with retardant for a firebombing mission. It said the accident was “extensive” but had few other details.“The only thing I have from the field reports are that the plane came down, it’s crashed and there was a large fireball associated with that crash,” said Rural Fire Service Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons.Foreign Minister Marise Payne said she had conveyed Australia’s condolences to U.S. Ambassador Arthur Culvahouse Jr.“Our hearts go out to their loved ones. They were helping Australia, far from their own homes, an embodiment of the deep friendship between our two countries,” she said in a statement.“Thank you to these three, and to all the brave firefighters from Australia and around the world. Your service and contribution are extraordinary. We are ever grateful,” she added.The tragedy brings the death toll from the blazes to at least 31 since September. The fires have also destroyed more than 2,600 homes and razed more than 10.4 million hectares (25.7 million acres), an area bigger than the U.S. state of Indiana.Coulson grounded other firefighting aircraft as a precaution pending investigation, reducing planes available to firefighters in New South Wales and neighboring Victoria state. The four-propeller Hercules drops more than 15,000 liters (4,000 gallons) of fire retardant in a single pass.Australian Transport Safety Bureau, the national air crash investigator, and state police will investigate the crash site, which firefighters described as an active fire ground.“There is no indication at this stage of what’s caused the accident,” Fitzsimmons said.Berejiklian said there were more than 1,700 volunteers and personnel in the field, and five fires were being described at an “emergency warning” level — the most dangerous on a three-tier scale — across the state and on the fringes of the national capital Canberra.Also Thursday, Canberra Airport closed temporarily because of nearby wildfires, and residents south of the city were told to seek shelter. The airport reopened after several hours with Qantas operating limited services, but Virgin and Singapore Airlines canceled flights for the rest of the day.The blaze started Wednesday but strong winds and high temperatures caused conditions in Canberra to deteriorate. A second fire near the airport that started on Thursday morning is at a “watch and act” level — the middle of the three tiers.Residents in some Canberra suburbs were advised to seek shelter and others to leave immediately.“The defense force is both assisting to a degree and looking to whether that needs to be reinforced,” Chief of Defense Angus Campbell told reporters.“I have people who are both involved as persons who need to be moved from areas and office buildings that are potentially in danger, and also those persons who are part of the (Operation) Bushfire Assist effort,” he said. 3401

Trump orders rapid withdrawal from Syria in apparent reversal19 DEC 18 10:23 ETBy Barbara Starr and Ryan Browne, CNN    (CNN) -- Planning is underway for a "full" and "rapid" withdrawal of US troops from Syria, a US defense official told CNN Wednesday.The decision, which would be a reversal from previously stated US policy, was made by President Donald Trump, who has long signaled his desire to get out of Syria, the official added.On Wednesday morning, the President tweeted, "we have defeated ISIS in Syria, my only reason for being there during the Trump Presidency."Even though the US will continue to maintain troops in Iraq with the capability of launching strikes into Syria, a US withdrawal of ground forces would fulfill a major goal of Syria, Iran and Russia and risks diminishing US influence in the region.The US has about 2,000 troops on the ground in the country, where they are primarily training local forces to combat ISIS. The US-backed and Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces have had some recent success against the terror group and are on the cusp of capturing the last major town held by ISIS east of the Euphrates.Estimates vary as to how many ISIS fighters are left in Syria. In the town of Hajin, the terror group's last redoubt, the coalition estimated some 2,000 ISIS fighters were present. But a Defense Department inspector general report put the number of ISIS members in Syria and Iraq as high as 30,000.The US has forces in Iraq ready to launch attacks in Syria if necessary. In the last few weeks, the US-led coalition fighting ISIS has carried out hundreds of air and artillery strikes targeting ISIS in Syria. Some of those strikes were launched from neighboring Iraq, where the US has over 5,000 troops. Hundreds of US troops have also been training local forces at At Tanf in southern Syria, where Russia-backed pro-regime forces are seeking to oust the US presence.Pentagon spokesman Col. Rob Manning told CNN that, "at this time, we continue to work by, with and through our partners in the region."The US-led coalition recently denied any change to the US presence in Syria."Any reports indicating a change in the US position with respect" to the US military presence in Syria "is false and designed to sow confusion and chaos," the coalition said in a statement earlier this month.Gen. Joseph Dunford, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said this month that the US needed to train thousands of local fighters to ensure a lasting defeat of the terror group.US forces were recently directed by Secretary of Defense James Mattis to establish observation posts along the Syria-Turkish border as part of an effort to reduce tensions between Turkey and America's Kurdish allies in the fight against ISIS.News of the planned withdrawal was 2818

The White House is planning a flyover of two F-35 fighter jets during Wednesday's visit from Polish President Andrzej Duda, according to three US government officials.The flyover above the White House South Lawn comes as the two governments are preparing to announce an increase in the US troop presence in Poland. US officials on Tuesday previewed a "significant announcement" on US troop presence in Poland when Duda visits the White House.Poland is also taking steps to purchase new F-35s from the United States, and the country's defense minister traveled to Eglin Air Force Base in Florida this week to see the jets in action.Asked about the prospect of a flyover on Wednesday, a White House spokesman said there was "nothing to announce right now."Last week, President Donald Trump marveled at multiple flyovers during his visit to Europe, including at D-Day commemoration ceremonies in Portsmouth, England, and on France's Normandy coast.He is known to revel in the military trappings of his job. But a flyover of military aircraft at the White House is exceedingly rare.Senior administration officials refused on a briefing call to get into details of the troop announcement on Tuesday, but Polish officials have said this week that the announcement is related to increasing the levels of permanent US troops stationed in Poland.A US defense official said the two leaders will sign a joint political declaration with a broad-strokes military component that calls for about 1,000 additional US troops to go to Poland on a rotational basis. Many of the troops will rotate to other exercise and training locations in Europe.Poland has termed the new US troop presence "Fort Trump," though it's not clear whether that will be its official name.Currently there are around 4,000 US troops in Poland on a rotational basis.The senior administration officials said the declaration would significantly enhance US-Poland military-to-military relationships. The officials said it would be in compliance with the NATO-Russia Founding Act, which guides relations between NATO and Russia. 2093

Three American crew members were killed Thursday when a C-130 Hercules aerial water tanker crashed while battling wildfires in southeastern Australia, officials said.New South Wales Premier Gladys Berejiklian confirmed the crash deaths in the state’s Snowy Monaro region, which came as Australia grapples with an unprecedented fire season that has left a large swath of destruction.Coulson Aviation in the U.S. state of Oregon said in a statement that one of its Lockheed large air tankers was lost after it left Richmond in New South Wales with retardant for a firebombing mission. It said the accident was “extensive” but had few other details.“The only thing I have from the field reports are that the plane came down, it’s crashed and there was a large fireball associated with that crash,” said Rural Fire Service Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons.Foreign Minister Marise Payne said she had conveyed Australia’s condolences to U.S. Ambassador Arthur Culvahouse Jr.“Our hearts go out to their loved ones. They were helping Australia, far from their own homes, an embodiment of the deep friendship between our two countries,” she said in a statement.“Thank you to these three, and to all the brave firefighters from Australia and around the world. Your service and contribution are extraordinary. We are ever grateful,” she added.The tragedy brings the death toll from the blazes to at least 31 since September. The fires have also destroyed more than 2,600 homes and razed more than 10.4 million hectares (25.7 million acres), an area bigger than the U.S. state of Indiana.Coulson grounded other firefighting aircraft as a precaution pending investigation, reducing planes available to firefighters in New South Wales and neighboring Victoria state. The four-propeller Hercules drops more than 15,000 liters (4,000 gallons) of fire retardant in a single pass.Australian Transport Safety Bureau, the national air crash investigator, and state police will investigate the crash site, which firefighters described as an active fire ground.“There is no indication at this stage of what’s caused the accident,” Fitzsimmons said.Berejiklian said there were more than 1,700 volunteers and personnel in the field, and five fires were being described at an “emergency warning” level — the most dangerous on a three-tier scale — across the state and on the fringes of the national capital Canberra.Also Thursday, Canberra Airport closed temporarily because of nearby wildfires, and residents south of the city were told to seek shelter. The airport reopened after several hours with Qantas operating limited services, but Virgin and Singapore Airlines canceled flights for the rest of the day.The blaze started Wednesday but strong winds and high temperatures caused conditions in Canberra to deteriorate. A second fire near the airport that started on Thursday morning is at a “watch and act” level — the middle of the three tiers.Residents in some Canberra suburbs were advised to seek shelter and others to leave immediately.“The defense force is both assisting to a degree and looking to whether that needs to be reinforced,” Chief of Defense Angus Campbell told reporters.“I have people who are both involved as persons who need to be moved from areas and office buildings that are potentially in danger, and also those persons who are part of the (Operation) Bushfire Assist effort,” he said. 3401

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