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WASHINGTON, April 6 (Xinhua) -- A study led by researchers at the University of Michigan (U-M) showed in animal studies that new cancer drug compounds they developed shrank tumors, with few side effects.The study, done in two mouse models of human cancer, looked at two compounds designed to activate a protein that kills cancer cells. The protein, p53, is inactivated in a significant number of human cancers. In some cases, it is because another protein, MDM2, binds to p53 and blocks its tumor suppresser function. This allows the tumor to grow unchecked. The new compounds block MDM2 from binding to p53, consequently activating p53."For the first time, we showed that activation of p53 by our highly potent and optimized MDM2 inhibitors can achieve complete tumor regression in a mouse model of human cancer," says lead study author Shaomeng Wang, director of the Cancer Drug Discovery Program at the U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center.Wang presented the study Wednesday at the American Association for Cancer Research 102nd annual meeting.Many traditional cancer drugs also activate p53 but they do so by causing DNA damage in both tumor cells and normal cells, causing side effects. These new MDM2 inhibitors activate p53 while avoiding the DNA damage common with other drugs. In this study, which was done in collaboration with Ascenta Therapeutics and Sanonfi-Aventis, researchers showed that these new drugs shrank tumors without significant side effects.Because p53 is involved in all types of human cancer, the new drug has potential to be used in multiple types of cancer. Further, the researchers also identified certain markers in tumors that predict which ones will be particularly sensitive to the MDM2 inhibitor, which would allow physicians to target the drug only to patients most likely to benefit.

LOS ANGELES, May 12 (Xinhua) -- A subsurface ocean of molten or partially molten magma exists beneath the surface of Jupiter's volcanic moon Io, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said on Thursday."The finding heralds the first direct confirmation of this kind of magma layer at Io and explains why the moon is the most volcanic object known in the solar system," JPL said in a press release posted on its website.The finding was based on new data analysis from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, said JPL.The research was conducted by scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles; the University of California, Santa Cruz;, and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. The study is published this week in the journal Science, JPL said."Scientists are excited we finally understand where Io's magma is coming from and have an explanation for some of the mysterious signatures we saw in some of the Galileo's magnetic field data," said Krishan Khurana, lead author of the study and former co- investigator on Galileo's magnetometer team at UCLA."It turns out Io was continually giving off a 'sounding signal' in Jupiter's rotating magnetic field that matched what would be expected from molten or partially molten rocks deep beneath the surface."Io produces about 100 times more lava each year than all the volcanoes on Earth, according to data released by JPL in Pasadena, Los Angeles.While Earth's volcanoes occur in localized hotspots like the "Ring of Fire" around the Pacific Ocean, Io's volcanoes are distributed all over its surface, JPL said, adding that a global magma ocean about 30 to 50 km beneath Io's crust helps explain the moon's activity."It has been suggested that both the Earth and its moon may have had similar magma oceans billions of years ago at the time of their formation, but they have long since cooled," said Torrence Johnson, a former Galileo project scientist based at JPL, an affiliation with NASA."Io's volcanism informs us how volcanoes work and provides a window in time to styles of volcanic activity that may have occurred on the Earth and moon during their earliest history," said Johnson, who was not directly involved in the study.NASA's Voyager spacecraft discovered Io's volcanoes in 1979, making that moon the only body in the solar system other than Earth known to have active magma volcanoes. The energy for the volcanic activity comes from the squeezing and stretching of the moon by Jupiter's gravity as Io orbits the largest planet in the solar system.Galileo was launched in 1989 and began orbiting Jupiter in 1995. Unexplained signatures appeared in magnetic field data from Galileo flybys of Io in October 1999 and February 2000. After a successful mission, the spacecraft was intentionally sent into Jupiter's atmosphere in 2003.

CANBERRA, April 14 (Xinhua) -- The Australian federal government could struggle to get its carbon tax through parliament, as key independent Member of Parliament (MP) Tony Windsor on Thursday warned the plan may never become a reality.Windsor, who is one of the independents Prime Minister Julia Gillard will rely on to get her carbon tax pass the Parliament, said while climate action will benefit the bush, he will not "vote for something that does nothing"."There is no carbon tax, there may not be a carbon tax," he told ABC News on Thursday morning."The prime minister doesn't have the numbers, as I understand it at the moment."I have a vote, others do as well, so you can never guarantee something before it gets through a minority parliament."Windsor said people in his rural New South Wales electorate were concerned about the lack of detail around the proposed carbon tax.Gillard played down his comments, saying that Windsor, who sits on the multi-party climate change committee, had been "perfectly consistent" in his approach to the carbon price debate."He does believe climate change is real ... that pricing carbon is the best way, an important way, of tackling climate change," Gillard told ABC Radio on Thursday."(But) he's going to look at the (legislative) package and wait to the end and then judge (it)."Gillard added that the Labor government remains determined to introduce a carbon tax from mid-2012 followed by an emissions trading scheme.

BEIJING, March 10 (Xinhuanet) -- The price of preventing preterm labor is about to rise drastically in the U.S. next week.A drug for high-risk pregnant women costs about 10 to 20 dollars per injection. Next week, the price will shoot up to 1,500 dollars a dose, according to media reports Wednesday.This means the total cost during a pregnancy could be as much as 30,000 dollars.The massive increase comes after KV Pharmaceutical of St. Louis won an exclusive government license to produce the drug, known as Makena.The drug, a form of progesterone given as a weekly shot, has been made cheaply for years by unlicensed chemists.The March of Dimes and many obstetricians supported the move because it means quality will be more consistent and it will be easier to get, but none of them has anticipated the sharp price hike.Doctors and campaign groups have been caught out by the move, saying that the price hike may deter low-income women from getting the drug, leading to more premature births.

SAN FRANCISCO, May 10 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft Corp. on Monday said it will buy Internet communications company Skype for 8.5 billion U.S. dollars in cash, a bold move for the software giant to explore new business opportunities."Skype is a phenomenal service that is loved by millions of people around the world," Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said in a statement."Together we will create the future of real-time communications so people can easily stay connected to family, friends, clients and colleagues anywhere in the world," he added.Microsoft said it has agreed to buy Skype from the investor group led by Silver Lake, and the deal has been approved by the boards of directors of both companies.Skype will become a new business division within Microsoft, and Skype CEO Tony Bates will assume the title of president of the Microsoft Skype Division, reporting directly to Ballmer.The Skype deal ranks one of the biggest purchase in the 36-year history of Microsoft, which is struggling to compete in the fields of Internet and mobile phones beyond its dominance on personal computer software market.Founded in 2003 and based in Luxembourg, Skype offers a software application that allows users to make free or cheap phone calls and chats over the Internet with additional features including instant messaging and video conferencing.Numbers showed that Skype's 170 million connected users made over 207 billion minutes of voice and video conversations in 2010.Skype was acquired by eBay in September 2005, and then acquired by an investment group led by Silver Lake in November 2009.In a press release announcing the acquisition, Microsoft noted that the deal will increase the accessibility of real-time video and voice communications, generating significant new business and revenue opportunities, and enhancing its existing offerings of real-time communications products and services.Microsoft said Skype will support its devices like Xbox and Kinect, Windows Phone and a wide array of Windows devices, and it will continue to invest in and support Skype clients on non-Microsoft platforms.The acquisition is expected to obtain all required regulatory clearances within this calendar year, Microsoft said.