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BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- China started to run its own satellite positioning system, Beidou, on Tuesday as the country climbed the global tech ladder and challenged the monopoly of the West. Beidou, or Big Dipper, the domestic version of the US Global Positioning System (GPS), started providing navigation, positioning and timing data on a pilot basis to China and the neighboring area for free on Tuesday, Ran Chengqi, director of the China Satellite Navigation Office, said. The system, with 10 orbiting satellites, covers an area from Australia in the south to Russia in the north. Signals can reach the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the east, Ran said. With six more satellites to be launched next year, the system will cover a wider area and eventually the entire globe by 2020 with a constellation of 35 satellites, he said. The accuracy of the positioning service will also improve as more satellites orbit. During the trial run Beidou can offer positioning to within 25 meters but when the system is officially launched next year accuracy will be enhanced to within 10 meters, he said. With the system operational China is the third member of an elite group, along with the US and Russia, to develop a satellite navigation system. The US spent 20 years and more than billion on the GPS. Completed in 1994, the system has 24 navigation satellites and is widely used around the world. Beidou has its own unique features, Ran said. "It not only tells users where they are and what time it is but also allows users to tell others the information through short messages," Ran said, adding that this feature is being considered by other systems. Russia's Glonass system achieved a 24-satellite constellation in 1996 but succumbed to funding problems. The rebuilding of the Glonass system is almost finished and Russian media reported that the system resumed service earlier this month. The European Union and the European Space Agency are building the Galileo satellite navigation system. Japan and India also intend to build independent regional navigation systems. "Countries build their own systems because owning an independent satellite navigation system is important to economic development and national security," said Pang Zhihao, deputy editor-in-chief of the monthly publication Space International. There have long been concerns that the US might take its dominant GPS offline in certain international emergencies. Ran said that the Beidou system will be "helpful" to national defense. An "independent and controllable" satellite navigation system can guarantee national economic development as well as scientific and industrial strength, he said. China started to reduce its reliance on the GPS in 2000, when it sent an experimental pair of positioning satellites into orbit. But Ran stressed that Beidou is "built for the world", as the compatibility of various systems enhances reliability for users. "If you only use GPS there will be blind spots. But from demonstrations I saw recently, receivers that are compatible with Beidou will overcome these problems," he said. He encouraged enterprises at home and abroad to join the research and development of application terminals compatible with Beidou. The office put a test version of the system's Interface Control Document online on Tuesday, which is a technical document vital for the manufacturing and development of receivers and chips. The prospects for the country's satellite navigation industry look bright, experts said. Analysts estimated that around 2020 the industry's output will reach 0 billion globally, including 400 billion yuan ( billion) to 500 billion yuan from China. According to the 2011 Report on Application of Geosaptial Information in China released on Monday, the number of satellite navigation application terminals in China has grown from less than 100,000 in 2000 to more than 10 million in 2009. The number is expected to reach 340 million by 2015. An insider said a compatible receiver for car use costs 1,600 yuan to 3,000 yuan, higher than a GPS receiver. "Chips supporting both GPS and Beidou systems have been developed, and terminals have been produced. There are no technical hurdles for the industry," said Han Shaowei, CEO of Beijing-based Unicore Communications Inc, a major navigation chip and core component provider. Beidou application terminals have been put into use in vehicles, such as government cars in Guangdong province. Ran said that private terminal makers in Guangdong are testing their receivers on the road, and the products seem stable. "The price of the compatible terminals is expected to be slashed next year," he said.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved Isentress for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for children and adolescents.The drug is part of a class of medications called HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors that works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. It was first approved for use in adult patients in October 2007, under FDA's accelerated approval program."Many young children and adolescents are living with HIV and this approval provides an important additional option for their treatment," said Edward Cox, director of the Office of Antimicrobial Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Isentress is a pill that can be taken twice daily, with or without food. The pill is also available in a chewable form. As the two tablet formulations are not interchangeable, the chewable form is only approved for use in children ages 2 to 11.A single, multi-center clinical trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years with HIV-1 infection evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Isentress. These patients previously received treatment for HIV-1 infection. After 24 weeks of treatment with Isentress, 53 percent of these patients had an undetectable amount of HIV in their blood.According to the FDA, the most commonly reported severe, treatment-related side effects in patients taking Isentress include trouble sleeping and headache. The frequency of these side effects is similar for children and adults. One pediatric patient reported severe treatment-related insomnia, while another pediatric patient experienced a drug-related skin rash.

BEIJING, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- Vice Premier Hui Liangyu on Monday said China will accelerate the establishment of a social security and service system for people with disabilities.Hui made the remarks during a meeting with Shybe Chalklen, UN special rapporteur on Disability of Commission for Social Development."The Chinese government attaches great importance to protecting the rights and interests of the disabled," Hui said, adding that the Chinese government has taken a series of measures in the past to improve the living standards of people with disabilities.Hui said China will make great efforts to create a better environment for the disabled to participate in social activities equally.Chalklen spoke highly of China's achievements and progress concerning people with disabilities, saying he hopes to strengthen cooperation between the UN and China in programs for the disabled.

VIENNA, Oct. 7 (Xinhua) -- A sculpture of late Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was presented to the UN Office in Vienna (UNOV) Friday to celebrate "50 Years of Human Spaceflight," the theme of the World Space Week 2011.In 1961, Gagarin completed an orbit around the Earth aboard the Vostok 1 spacecraft, serving as a pioneer of human spaceflight.The sculpture is a gift from the Russian government and would be placed at the Permanent Exhibit of the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA).Attendants of the ceremony include UNOV Director-General Yury Fedotov, UNOOSA Director Mazlan Othman and Head of the Russian Permanent Mission Vladimir Voronkov."Outer space is one of the most exciting and challenging topics, and perhaps of all the important topics on the agenda of the United Nations, none quite captures our imagination like outer space," Othman said in her statement.Meanwhile, speaking highly of Gagarin's achievement 50 years ago, Fedotov stressed that the purpose of the development and utilization of outer space must be to the benefit of all mankind.The UN official said that relevant UN agencies would provide technical assistance to all countries to develop outer space and ensure the benefits in peaceful purpose.On Dec. 6, 1999, the 55th United Nations General Assembly declared the World Space Week to be held every year during Oct. 4-10.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- NASA's car-sized Mars rover Curiosity, which will examine one of the most intriguing areas on the Red Planet, is in final preparations for a launch from Florida 's Space Coast at 10:25 a.m. EST (15:25 GMT) on Nov. 25, the U.S. space agency announced on Thursday.Curiosity is about twice as long and more than five times as heavy as any previous Mars rover. Its 10 science instruments include two for ingesting and analyzing samples of powdered rock delivered by the rover's robotic arm. It is now sitting atop an Atlas V rocket awaiting liftoff from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station."Preparations are on track for launching at our first opportunity," said Pete Theisinger, Mars Science Laboratory project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "If weather or other factors prevent launching then, we have more opportunities through Dec. 18."Scheduled to land on the Mars in Aug. 2012, the one-ton rover will examine Gale Crater during a nearly two-year prime mission. Curiosity will land near the base of a layered mountain three miles (five kilometers) high inside the crater. The rover will investigate whether environmental conditions ever have been favorable for development of microbial life and preserved evidence of those conditions.

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