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BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan, Nov. 9 (Xinhua) -- Russia's Phobos-Grunt probe and China's Yinghuo-1 satellite were launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on a Zenit-2SB rocket at 00:16 am Moscow time Wednesday (2016 GMT Tuesday).The main aim of the Phobos-Grunt unmanned mission is to bring back the first ever soil sample from Phobos, the larger of Mars' two moons.Russia had spent about 5 billion rubles (about 161 million U.S. dollars) preparing for the three-year mission, which would include drilling Phobos' surface and returning 200 grams of soil back to Earth, according to Russian state space agency Roscosmos.The mission would also collect bacteria samples for two Russian and one U.S. biological experiments.In the meantime, China's first Mars probe Yinghuo will go into orbit around Mars and observe the planet itself.Phobos-Grunt is planned to reach Mars in 2012, then deploy its lander for Phobos in 2013 and return the soil sample back to Earth in August 2014.The Chinese probe, which would not land on Mars nor return to the Earth, is expected stay permanently in the space and communicate with the ground control directly via satellites.The Chinese probe is 75 cm long, 75 cm wide and 60 cm high. It weighs 115 kilograms and was designed for a two-year life to discover why water disappeared from Mars and shed light on other environmental changes on the planet.Victor Khartov, chief designer and director general of Lavochkin Research & Production Association, told Xinhua that the three-year mission is highly complicated."It consists of eight sub-missions: launch, travel to Mars vicinities, separation with the Chinese probe YH-1, landing on Phobos, soil collection, launch from Phobos, way back to the Earth, and final landing. Failure of any one of them could doom the entire project," he said.The launch of Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1, originally scheduled for October 2009 on a Russian carrier rocket, has been postponed until 2011 due to "technical reasons" on the Russian side.

BEIJING, Oct. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study finds that ginger may decrease the risk of colon cancer through diminishing the inflammation in the gut, according to media reports Thursday.Prior researches have found that chronicle inflammation in the gut is related to colon cancer, suggesting easing inflammation in intestines might reduce the risk of the cancer, said Suzanna M. Zick, lead author of the study published online in Cancer Prevention Research. Zick, also a naturopathic physician and research associate professor at University of Michigan Medical Center, and her colleagues, assigned 30 volunteers to take pills containing two grams of either placebo powder or ginger root extract, equivalent to about two tablespoons of ground-up raw ginger root.And they recorded the inflammations in the participants' intestines before and after the test period.The researchers found that participants taking ginger pills had 28 percent less inflammation in their intestines after the test. But no difference was found in those who took placebo.The findings are promising, but the researchers are not yet recommending people start taking more ginger at meal times. The study only involved 30 participants, so it is just a preliminary study. Zick said they hope to launch a larger study in the future, according to USA Today.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Kepler mission has discovered the first Earth-size planets orbiting a sun-like star outside our solar system, the U.S. space agency announce Tuesday.The planets, called Kepler-20e and Kepler-20f, are too close to their star to be in the so-called habitable zone where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface, but they are the smallest exoplanets ever confirmed around a star like our sun, according to NASA.The discovery marks the next important milestone in the ultimate search for planets like Earth. The new planets are thought to be rocky. Kepler-20e is slightly smaller than Venus, measuring 0.87 times the radius of Earth. Kepler-20f is slightly larger than Earth, measuring 1.03 times its radius. Both planets reside in a five-planet system called Kepler-20, approximately 1, 000 light-years away in the constellation Lyra.Kepler-20e orbits its parent star every 6.1 days and Kepler-20f every 19.6 days. These short orbital periods mean very hot, inhospitable worlds. Kepler-20f, at 800 degrees Fahrenheit, is similar to an average day on the planet Mercury. The surface temperature of Kepler-20e, at more than 1,400 degrees Fahrenheit, would melt glass."The primary goal of the Kepler mission is to find Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone," said Francois Fressin of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, lead author of a new study published in the journal Nature. "This discovery demonstrates for the first time that Earth-size planets exist around other stars, and that we are able to detect them."The Kepler-20 system includes three other planets that are larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. Kepler-20b, the closest planet, Kepler-20c, the third planet, and Kepler-20d, the fifth planet, orbit their star every 3.7, 10.9 and 77.6 days. All five planets have orbits lying roughly within Mercury's orbit in our solar system. The host star belongs to the same G-type class as our sun, although it is slightly smaller and cooler.

BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's efforts to fight AIDS are impressive and its experience can be shared, according to Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)."We have seen progress in terms of new infections. The number of people going into treatment is increasing and the mortality rate is going down very quickly in China," Sidibe said during an interview with Xinhua on Wednesday.Sidibe said he was impressed by the country's political leadership and commitment to controlling AIDS.According to UNAIDS, the country has reported a 60-percent reduction in deaths due to AIDS over the past eight years.New HIV infection cases in China have been reduced from 70,000 people annually in 2005 to around 48,000 in 2011, according to the country's health department."However, China's success will not only be measured by what it has done for the Chinese people," Sidibe said.China has successful experience in reducing new HIV infections among intravenous drug users, which can be shared with the rest of the world, particularly east Europe and south Asia where HIV infections among drug abusers is a major challenge, he said.Sidibe suggested that the country should work with the rest of the developing world, particularly Africa, in fighting AIDS.A partnership between China and Africa will make a "big, big difference" in reducing AIDS mortality rates and introducing new technology and perspectives in Africa, said the official who had worked for UN in several African countries for more than two decades.Admitting the challenges of funding AIDS control programs during the current global economic downturn, Sidibe called for global solidarity and increasing shared responsibilities among countries."It is a critical moment now. It is not a time to stop investment but to redouble our efforts, to make sure that we will continue to make progress in the fight against HIV," Sidibe said."Getting to Zero" has been chosen as the main theme of World AIDS Day for the next five years, referring to UNAIDS' vision of "zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths."Sidibe met with Li Congjun, president of the Xinhua News Agency, on Wednesday before the interview. The agency has launched a global media campaign in cooperation with UNAIDS to raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS."The partnership (with Xinhua) is not only about writing news about HIV. It is about helping people to change their attitude and make decisions to help protect themselves," Sidibe said.

BEIJING, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- China's Supreme People's Court vowed to harshly crack down on bribery, abuse of power and malpractice in food safety cases as such illegalities have become top concerns for Chinese people.Chinese courts at all levels had heard 173 cases and sentenced 255 people in relation to the production and sale of unsafe food in the first ten months of this year, Sun Jungong, spokesman of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), said Thursday."China has seen a growing number of food safety cases in recent years with increasing difficulties for investigation," Sun said.According to the SPC, Chinese courts handled 84 food safety cases in 2008, and 148 and 119 cases in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The number of food safety violators sentenced in the past three years totaled 101, 208 and 162, respectively.The SPC also promulgated four typical food safety illegalities exposed in recent years.In the latest food safety scandal, four people in central China's Henan province were prosecuted for the crime of "endangering public security by using dangerous means" in July after they were found to have produced and sold clenbuterol, a poisonous feed additive that pig farms use to boost the output of lean meat.The spokesman said the SPC will strengthen cooperation with police and procuratorial organs to improve the efficiency of dealing with, and preventing food safety crimes.