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WELLINGTON, May 13 (Xinhua) -- While it's long been known that a little sunshine can spread happiness, researchers in New Zealand have found that it can also save the lives of pneumonia patients.Medical scientists have found that vitamin D, which is absorbed through the skin and produced with exposure to sunlight, is a major factor in the survival rate of pneumonia patients.Researchers at Waikato University collaborated with doctors at Waikato Hospital, both Hamilton-based institutions, to study blood samples of 112 patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia during the winter.They found that those with severe vitamin D deficiency 17 of the patients were more likely to die within a month, compared with patients with normal or slightly low vitamin D levels.Dr Bob Hancox, of the hospital's department of respiratory medicine, said five of the 17 died, a 29-percent mortality rate, compared with four deaths among the 95 patients with higher vitamin D levels, a 4-percent mortality rate."The analysis confirmed that the difference in mortality rates between the two groups was very unlikely to be due to chance," Hancox told Xinhua.Vitamin D deficiency was a concern around the world, Hancox said."Sunlight is the main source of vitamin D, so it tends to be a winter problem in temperate climates when people spend a lot of time indoors. But it occurs in all countries and vitamin D deficiency is believed to be a major problem worldwide."There is accumulating evidence that we need vitamin D to help fight infections, such as pneumonia as we have shown, as well as improve bone health," he told Xinhua."What is not yet clear is whether we can do anything about it. We don't know whether treating people with vitamin D supplements would help to prevent or treat respiratory infections. This is what we need to find out now."Dr Ray Cursons, of the Biological Sciences department at Waikato University, said patient age, sex, additional health conditions, and other prognostic factors did not affect the research outcome, although researchers still could not establish a causal link between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in the patients.Waikato Hospital D respiratory specialist Dr Noel Karalus said it was not yet known whether giving patients vitamin D supplements after their admission to hospital with respiratory tract infections would alter outcomes."It may transpire that vitamin D helps us avoid infection rather than cure it once established."Cursons said the best source of vitamin D was sunlight as dietary sources such as fatty fish and cod liver oil did not contain enough vitamin D."There is still some controversy regarding the optimal daily allowance of vitamin D. How much we absorb through the skin depends on sun exposure, skin type and geographical latitude. M ori and Pacific Islanders absorb less because of their darker skin, and people in colder climates also have lower levels of vitamin D. "Pneumonia is the single largest cause of death in children worldwide, killing an estimated 1.6 million children under the age of five each year, according to the World Health Organization.The research findings are published in the journal Respirology, published by the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, this month.

BEIJING, March 14 (Xinhuanet) – "Angry Birds" game developers at Rovio have announced a funding of 42 million U.S. dollars to expand their "mean pigs, cranky birds" empire, according to foreign media report Sunday.The funding, announced Thursday, is the first venture-capital money Rovio has secured. Richard Wong with Accel Partners, who led the firm's investment in Rovio, hailed "Angry Birds" as "an incredible consumer franchise beyond just being a mobile game."With the newly raised funding, "Angry Birds" developers have made a strategic plan to achieve the brand growth of "Angry Birds."According to developer Peter "Mighty Eagle" Vesterbacka, Rovio is going to expand the franchise of "Angry Birds" in a lot of directions such as movie, broadcast and TV."We are working on a game that will involve Facebook ... really the plan is to make "Angry Birds" playable everywhere," said Vesterbacka. Besides its efforts in digital realm, Rivio is also exploring the potential toy market. Ravio has already sold over two million "Angry Birds" plush toys, which have broken into the mainstream retail channels. Recently Ravio has also branched out into selling "Angry Bird" apparel."Angry Birds", hatched in 2009, has dominated Apple's list of top-selling iPhone apps since it took flight last year. It is now available on many other platforms -- iPad, Android, iTouch, and almost every other smartphone out there.The game became world-polupar as it is easy to pick up and very addictive. Rovio, a mobile game development studio founded in Finland in 2003, enjoys the reputation as one of the most innovative game shops in Europe.

WASHINGTON, May 2 (Xinhua) -- Rice originated in China, a team of U.S. genome researchers has concluded in a study tracing back thousands of years of evolutionary history through large-scale gene re-sequencing.Their findings, which appear Monday in the latest issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), indicate that domesticated rice may have first appeared as far back as approximately 9,000 years ago in the Yangtze Valley of China. Previous research suggested domesticated rice may have two points of origin -- India as well as China.Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of world's oldest crop species. It is also a very diverse crop, with tens of thousands of varieties known throughout the world. Two major subspecies of rice -- japonica and indica -- represent most of the world's varieties. Sushi rice, for example, is a type of japonica, while most of the long-grain rice in risottos are indica.Because rice is so diverse, its origins have been the subject of scientific debate. One theory -- a single-origin model -- suggests that indica and japonica were domesticated once from the wild rice O. rufipogon.Another -- a multiple-origin model -- proposes that these two major rice types were domesticated separately and in different parts of Asia. The multiple-origin model has gained currency in recent years as biologists have observed significant genetic differences between indica and japonica, and several studies examining the evolutionary relationships among rice varieties supported more than domestication in both India and China.In the PNAS study, the researchers re-assessed the evolutionary history, or phylogeny, of domesticated rice using previously published datasets, some of which have been used to argue that indica and japonica rice have separate origins. Using more modern computer algorithms, however, the researchers concluded these two species have the same origin because they have a closer genetic relationship to each other than to any wild rice species found in either India or China.In addition, the study's authors examined the phylogeny of domesticated rice by re-sequencing 630 gene fragments on selected chromosomes from a diverse set of wild and domesticated rice varieties. Using new modeling techniques, which had previously been used to look at genomic data in human evolution, their results showed that the gene sequence data was more consistent with a single origin of rice.In the study, the investigators also used a "molecular clock" of rice genes to see when rice evolved. Depending on how the researchers calibrated their clock, they pinpointed the origin of rice at possibly 8,200 years ago, while japonica and indica split apart from each other about 3,900 years ago. The study's authors pointed out that these molecular dates were consistent with archaeological studies.Archaeologists have uncovered evidence in the last decade for rice domestication in the Yangtze Valley beginning approximately 8, 000 to 9,000 years ago while domestication of rice in the India's Ganges region was around about 4,000 years ago."As rice was brought in from China to India by traders and migrant farmers, it likely hybridized extensively with local wild rice," explained New York University biologist Michael Purugganan, one of the study's co-authors. "So domesticated rice that we may have once thought originated in India actually has its beginnings in China."

BEIJING, March 6 (Xinhua) -- China aims to "basically eradicate poverty" by 2020 while greatly raise its poverty line, in order to help more people in need, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said here Sunday.The State Council is drafting a new ten-year poverty-reduction plan (2011-2020), in which the current poverty line of 1,196 yuan per year (about 0.5 U.S. dollars a day) will be greatly raised, Wen told a panel meeting of the ongoing session of the National People's Congress (NPC).The nation will intensify its poverty alleviation efforts through aids and development, focusing on large areas of destitute population, he said to a group of NPC deputies from Gansu, one of the poorest regions in China.According to the United Nations' standard of one dollar per person each day, China still has 150 million people under the poverty line.Wen said lack of water was the bottleneck for Gansu's social-economic development, urging the province to expand the use of water conservancy technology.Wen also urged the province to coordinate economic development with environmental protection, and reverse environmental degradation in Dunhuang, a historical city with world cultural heritage threatened by decertification.

BEIJING, Feb. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minster Yang Jiechi and his Austrian counterpart Michael Spindelegger held talks here on Tuesday, pledging to enhance bilateral ties through deeper cooperation.Yang hailed the remarkable development of bilateral ties since the two countries established diplomatic relations 40 years ago.He said both sides should see the 40th anniversary as a new starting point for maintaining traditional friendship, deepening political mutual trust, expanding cooperation and enhancing cultural exchanges, to strive for greater development of bilateral ties.He stressed that China appreciates the Austrian government's adherence to the one-China policy.For his part, Spindelegger said the Austrian side attaches great importance to developing ties with China and he hoped both sides will strengthen cooperation in various fields in a more pragmatic way.The two also exchanged views on some international and regional issues of common concern.