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TIANJIN, April 16 (Xinhua) -- As China tries to establish a universal medicare umbrella, its first move to offer treatment to all the hemophilia patients in the country is to know their population and where they are.China's national hemophilia information management center registered 7,980 cases nationwide since its establishment last year in a bid to provide reference for making national treatment policies and medicine production quota, said the center officials Saturday.Yang Renchi with the center and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said that the patient information database will help the government make hemophilia-related medical and social welfare policies, optimize resources and guide the manufacturing of drugs such as coagulation factor VIII.The information center, created by the Ministry of Health, is located in the Blood Diseases Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in the port city Tianjin in north China.Hemophilia is a rare genetic bleeding disorder that prevents the blood from clotting properly, resulting in easy bruising and prolonged bleeding from trauma. Lack of treatment can lead to permanent disabilities or even death.China is estimated to have roughly 100,000 hemophilia patients."Be inspired; get involved in Treatment for All" is the theme for the 22nd World Hemophilia Day, which falls on Sunday, April 17."A necessary precondition for 'Treatment for All' is to know the clinical information and location of each case," said Yang, "and this is exactly what the information system does."In addition, China plans to establish hospital-based provincial hemophilia management centers within five years across the country to register and monitor patients and standardize disease diagnosis and treatment under the information system.SHORTAGE OF DRUGSBlood-derived coagulation factor VIII and recombinant coagulation factor VIII are two effective drugs which are vital for hemophiliacs. However, the drugs are expensive and produced in limited quantities, a difficulty which hundreds of thousands of hemophiliacs in China have to confront.According to Yang, the minimum dose of coagulation factor VIII for prevention of bleeding episodes is two international units (IU) per kg of weight a day. A 50-kg hemophilia patient needs at least 36,500 IU of factor VIII every year to prevent bleeding."Each IU of blood-derived coagulation factor VIII costs about 3 yuan(0.46 U.S. dollars) and the annual cost is almost 120,000 yuan. The recombinant one is almost twice the price," said Yang.Only four drug firms are qualified to manufacture blood-derived coagulation factor VIII in China. The national output in 2010 was 400,000 vials (200 IU per vial) which means 80 million IU for the entire country.Wu Runhui, a hematology specialist with the Beijing Children's Hospital, said that the minimum dose is only for the prevention of bleeding episodes which are required to keep the patient alive. For the hemophiliac to live a regular lifestyle, 3,000 IU per kilo a year is needed, which would cost half a million yuan a year."Even in the most developed countries, a hemophiliac cannot survive without supportive medical policies and social welfare system," said Wu.

WASHINGTON, April 25 (Xinhua) -- A class of drugs that shows promise in breast and ovarian cancers with BRCA gene mutations could potentially benefit colorectal cancer patients with a different genetic mutation, a new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center finds.Working in cell lines from colorectal cancer patients, researchers found that the class of drugs called PARP inhibitors worked against tumors with mutations in the MRE11 gene.About 15 percent of all colorectal cancers have what's called microsatellite instability, a type of error in the DNA. About 82 percent of those tumors have the MRE11 gene mutation."This is a potential broader application for PARP inhibitors, beyond breast and ovarian cancer. This is a class of drug that's already shown safety in early clinical trials and now might benefit some colorectal cancer patients as well," says lead study author Eduardo Vilar-Sanchez, a hematology/oncology fellow at the university, in a statement.The study, which was published Monday in Cancer Research, also found that PARP inhibitors are even more effective when both copies of MRE11 were mutated. Each person carries two copies of each gene, which means mutations can occur in either one or both copies. The researchers suggest that PARP inhibitors could be targeted specifically to colorectal cancer patients who have two copies of the mutated gene.Researchers are planning a phase I clinical trial to look at using PARP inhibitors in colorectal cancer patients with two mutated copies of MRE11. Future trials are being considered using PARP inhibitors to prevent colorectal cancer and other cancers in people with Lynch syndrome whose tumors have this mutation.Microsatellite instability is also seen in prostate cancer and endometrial cancer, suggesting potential for PARP inhibitors to play a role in additional types of cancer as well, Vilar-Sanchez says, adding that more research is needed in these areas.

MEXICO CITY, May 18 (Xinhua) -- The Mexican government signed an agreement with the non-governmental group TRAFFIC on Tuesday to exchange information about illegal seizures of flora and fauna species in Mexico.The agreement with the wildlife trade monitoring network also called for the Mexican government to provide information on the routes used to transport such organic materials.The agreement was signed on the sideline of the 16th meeting of the Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation Management in the city of Oaxaca, south Mexico. Representatives of Canada, the United States and Mexico also attended the meeting.Among the list of 20,000 animals, vegetation and insects that TRAFFIC considers to be threatened by illegal trafficking worldwide, 2,500 of the organisms have their origins in Mexico. This amounts to 12 percent of the species most subject to buying, selling and transporting in the black market and threatens the survival of various ecosystems.The Mexican species that are listed among the most threatened by illegal trafficking are the cactus, orchids, reptiles, maguey plants, ferns, amphibians and fish.

BRASILIA, April 26 (Xinhua) -- A survey conducted by Brazil's Ministry of Health showed Tuesday that half of Brazilians aged over 55 have hypertension.According to the research, which has been carried out annually since 2006, the proportion of Brazilians diagnosed with hypertension increased over the past five years, from 21.6 percent in 2006 to 23.3 percent in 2010.Besides, the diagnosis of hypertension is higher among women (25.5 percent) than men (20.7 percent). But in both sexes, the older people are, the more common the disease becomes, the ministry reported.The ministry also said that, to address the problem, the Brazilian government distributes free medicines to control blood pressure, since 80 percent of Brazilians who suffer from hypertension depend on the public health system.The Ministry of Health signed on April 7 an agreement with the food industry, aiming to reduce salt in processed food.If hypertension is left untreated, some complications including clogged arteries, stroke and myocardial infarction will bring patients more troubles.

PARIS, May 17 (Xinhua) -- Arianespace has approved the preparation review of the third Ariane 5 flight, which is expected to lift two communication satellites on Friday from the spaceport in French Guiana, the European launching center said on Tuesday.The prior readiness review approved that "Ariane 5 is now cleared for its May 19 rollout from the Final Assembly Building to the ELA-3 launch zone, where it will be readied for liftoff on Friday at 5:38 p.m. local time in French Guiana," the space center said in a statement.This dual payload flight will orbit GSAT-8 and ST-2 satellites, with a combined mass of 8,190 kilo grams.Built by Japan's Mitsubishi Electric Company, ST-2 will be utilized by the ST-2 Satellite Ventures joint company of Singapore Telecommunications Ltd (SingTel) and Taiwan's Chunghwa Telecom Company Ltd. for Ku- and C-band relay services across the Middle East, Central Asia, India and Southeast Asia.The lighter passenger GSAT-8, built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), will serve to augment India's Ku- band relay capabilities and offer aircraft navigation assistance over Indian airspace and adjoining areas with its two-channel GAGAN system.The Arianespace started its 2011 busy year for heavy-lift Ariane 5 with the milestone launch of Europe's second Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) on February 16, and then a dual payload on April 22 that orbited Yahsat Y1A and Intelsat New Dawn satellites.

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