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BEIJING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- China issued rules for pilot programs of RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (RQFII) on Friday, formally giving a green light to investment of overseas RMB funds in mainland securities markets.The move is expected to widen the investment channel of overseas RMB funds and add new momentum to the country's bid to make the RMB an international currency.Hong Kong subsidiaries of fund management companies and securities firms can use RMB funds raised in Hong Kong to invest in mainland securities within a permitted quota, according to the rules jointly released by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), the People's Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.The total investment quota of RQFII pilot programs is set at around 20 billion yuan (3.15 billion U.S. dollars), according to the rules.To control risks, qualified investors should invest no less than 80 percent of the RMB funds they raised in fixed-income securities, while investment in stocks and equity funds should account for no more than 20 percent.The CSRC will join other related departments to study the possibility of further expanding the trial program after its launch, said a CSRC official who declined to be identified.The launch of the RQFII will open another significant channel for overseas RMB funds to flow back into the country, said the CSRC official.It will also help diversify investment products for overseas RMB funds and facilitate off-shore RMB business, the official said.The RMB is not fully convertible under the capital account but China has stepped up efforts to make the currency more international over the past few years.The government has encouraged the use of the RMB in cross-border trade and investment settlement and approved foreign direct investment in overseas RMB funds obtained overseas.It also allowed Hong Kong to establish an offshore yuan market and has expanded trade settlement agreements and currency swaps to create more channels for the yuan to circulate outside the mainland.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- New research published this week in Nature Medicine indicates that targeted drugs such as gefitinib might more effectively treat non-small cell lung cancer if they could be combined with agents that block certain microRNAs.The study, led by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, shows that overexpression of two genes called MET and EGFR causes the deregulation of six microRNAs, and that this deregulation leads to gefitinib resistance.The findings support the development of agents that restore the levels of these microRNAs. It offers a new strategy for treating non-small cell lung cancer, which is responsible for about 85 percent of the 221,000 lung-cancer cases and 157,000 deaths that occur annually in the United States. It also suggests that measuring the expression levels of certain microRNAs -- those controlled by the MET gene -- might predict which lung-cancer cases are likely to be resistant to gefitinib.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer, and this leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Gefitinib selectively inhibits EGFR activation and triggers cancer cells to self-destruct by apoptosis. However, non-small cell lung cancer cells inevitably develop resistance to the drug. The study reveals how this resistance occurs."Our findings suggest that gefitinib resistance that is caused by MET overexpression is at least partly due to miRNA deregulation, " says principal investigator Carlo Croce.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Canada have discovered a new function for an enzyme that may protect against organ injury and death from anemia, according to a study appearing Monday in the U.S. journal of the Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences.Researchers found that when people have anemia, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) -- an enzyme in nerve cells that produces nitric oxide, an important signaling molecule in the body -- increases the body's ability to respond, adapt to low oxygen levels and makes the body more efficient in delivering oxygen to tissues. They also found that levels of nNOS in the brain increased in anemic mice, and that the mice without this enzyme die earlier, and with higher hemoglobin levels."Identifying this mechanism may lead to new therapies and approaches to improving outcomes for anemic patients," said Dr. Greg Hare, a researcher at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of the hospital and one of the lead investigators of the study.Anemia occurs when blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin -- an iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from the lungs and heart to the rest of the body. Cells need oxygen to survive and to produce energy for all bodily functions. The condition has many different causes including infection (malaria, HIV, parasites), nutritional deficiencies (iron, folate, B12), genetic mutations, pregnancy, trauma and surgical blood loss."This research will help us identify when an anemic patient is at greatest risk for injury and death when undergoing surgery," said Hare. "Research is underway to test these findings in humans."

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- NASA's car-sized Mars rover Curiosity, which will examine one of the most intriguing areas on the Red Planet, is in final preparations for a launch from Florida 's Space Coast at 10:25 a.m. EST (15:25 GMT) on Nov. 25, the U.S. space agency announced on Thursday.Curiosity is about twice as long and more than five times as heavy as any previous Mars rover. Its 10 science instruments include two for ingesting and analyzing samples of powdered rock delivered by the rover's robotic arm. It is now sitting atop an Atlas V rocket awaiting liftoff from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station."Preparations are on track for launching at our first opportunity," said Pete Theisinger, Mars Science Laboratory project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "If weather or other factors prevent launching then, we have more opportunities through Dec. 18."Scheduled to land on the Mars in Aug. 2012, the one-ton rover will examine Gale Crater during a nearly two-year prime mission. Curiosity will land near the base of a layered mountain three miles (five kilometers) high inside the crater. The rover will investigate whether environmental conditions ever have been favorable for development of microbial life and preserved evidence of those conditions.