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BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Minister of National Defense said on Tuesday it had reduced the country's military reserves forces from 600,000 to 510,000 men and women over the past five years.China has also reduced the number of people in its militias from 10 million to eight million during the same period, said Gen. Liang Guanglie in an interview with Xinhua.It is the first time the Chinese government has given the exact number of people in the reserve forces and militias. In times of emergencies, the reserve forces and militias can be ordered to assist China's 2.3-million regular troops, the People's Liberation Army (PLA).Although China has experienced around 30 years of peace, Gen. Liang said the PLA has never relaxed its military preparations and vigilance especially at a time when "regional military conflicts can not be ruled out."In times of peace, the PLA's reserves conduct regular military training and participate in non-combat military operations, such as disaster relief work.The minister said the PLA had pushed forward military reforms in the past five years to build a more powerful military with upgraded weapon systems and high-quality personnel.Currently, 80 percent of the PLA's officers have four years of higher education compared with 25.8 percent in 1998, Gen. Liang said.To improve the quality of military personnel, the Chinese government has encouraged university graduates to join the armed forces since 2009. More than 100,000 college graduates gained their uniforms in 2010.In the past five years, China has dispatched more than 13,000 United Nations-commissioned peacekeepers to carry out 13 U.N. missions around the world, according to Liang.The PLA also sent professional units to Haiti, Pakistan and other countries and regions for disaster relief efforts and to give medical aids and other humanitarian relief, he said.

BEIJING, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- China exported 16,000 tonnes of rare earth to Japan in the first nine months of the year, equivalent to 49.8 percent of its total rare earth exports, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said Tuesday.The figure was a 167-percent year-on-year rise, MOC spokesman Yao Jian said at a press conference.Exports to the United States increased 5.5 percent year on year to 62 million tonnes during the same period, equivalent to 19 percent of China's total rare earth exports.China exported 32,200 tonnes of rare earth in the first nine months of the year at an average price of 14,800 U.S. dollars per tonne.Yao said the Chinese government has tightened regulations concerning the development, production and export of rare earth out of concern for the environment.China cut its 2010 rare earth export quota 39 percent year on year while rare earth development and production capacities were reduced by 25 percent and 23 percent, respectively, he said.In addition, China has added a 15- to 25-percent export duty on rare earth exports while banning the export of 41 rare earth-related processed products.China's restrictive policies have been criticized by Japan, the United States and European countries. They said China's restrictions on rare earth exports violate World Trade Organization rules. China refutes such claims."China's restrictive measures comply with WTO rules, as the steps were taken in the whole process of exploitation, production and export," Yao said.China continued to export rare earth in recent years even as environmental pressures grew and resource-depletion approached, he added.He said China hopes other rare earth-rich nations will develop their own resources while adding that China is ready to cooperate with other nations to mine and process rare earth in an environmentally-friendly way.Rare earth is a key component in the manufacture of high-tech products ranging from computers to airplanes. But mining rare earth is a highly-polluting process.With a 90 percent share of the world rare earth trade, China's export quotas are a sensitive issue. In early November, the MOC denied suggestions there would be a drastic reduction in 2011 rare earth export quotas.

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- China's gross domestic product (GDP) is predicted to grow by around 9.5 percent in 2011, 0.5 percentage points lower compared to the growth rate expected for this year, said a report issued Wednesday by the Bank of China (BOC).The report by the BOC, China's third largest lender, was based on the bank's projections of weak overseas demand, tighter monetary policy, and the government's planned economic restructuring for 2011, the first year of China's 12th five-year plan.The Chinese government announced in early December that it will switch its monetary policy stance from relatively loose to prudent next year to tackle rising inflation and keep economic growth at a sustainable pace.The report also said government policies this year to curb soaring property prices in some major cities, and the country's efforts to improve energy efficiency had slowed the economy with the GDP dropping to 9.6 percent in the third quarter, down from the second quarter's 10.3 percent and 11.9 percent in the first quarter.The report also forecast inflation to rise 4 percent in 2011, compared to the 3.3-percent rise expected for 2010. It said that in the second half of the year, the producer price index (PPI) for China's industrial products had kept rising along with the consumer price index (CPI), adding more inflationary pressure for the future.The Chinese government set a 3-percent target for inflation this year, but looks unachieveable after the index rose 3.2 percent during the first 11 months. Pushed up mainly by rising food prices, the index soared 5.1 percent in November to a 28-month high.The report also predicted new lending next year would be 7 trillion yuan (1.06 trillion U.S. dollars), just slightly down from the 7.5 trillion yuan target set by the government for 2010.Growth rates of retail sales of consumer goods and industrial value-added output would see a slight drop from year 2010, while imports would likely grow by 18 percent, 3 percentage points higher than exports.As inflation triggers wider public concerns, expectations for more hikes in interest rates are strengthening. The report forecast the People's Bank of China, the central bank, would likely hike rates for up to three times next year, mostly during the first half of the year.The central bank on Sunday raised the benchmark one-year lending and deposit rates by 25 basis points for the second time in just over two months. It had also set higher commercial lenders' reserve requirement ratio six times this year in a move to tighten liquidity amid climbing inflation.

BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhuanet) --The amendment of China's organ transplant regulations is being prepared and may be out in March after revision, said Vice-Health Minister Huang Jiefu."It will give legal footing to the Red Cross Society of China to set up and run China's organ donation system," he told China Daily.The organ transplant regulations that the amendment will update have been in use since 2007."With the amendment, China will be a step closer to building up a national organ donation system, which is being run as a pilot project in 11 provinces and regions now, and thus ensure the sustainable and healthy development of organ transplants and save more lives," he said.The Red Cross Society's responsibilities will include encouraging posthumous voluntary organ donations, establishing a list of would-be donors and drawing up registers of people waiting for a suitable donated organ.The long-awaited system will be available to everyone in China (excluding prisoners) wanting to donate their organs after their death in the hope of saving lives.Currently, about 10,000 organ transplants are carried out each year on the Chinese mainland. It is estimated that around 1.3 million people are waiting for a transplant.However, there had been a lack of a State-level organ donor system before a trial project was launched in March 2010. Currently, organ donations have come mainly from volunteers and executedprisoners with written consent either from themselves or family members. The process has been put under strict scrutiny from the judicial department, according to the Ministry of Health."An ethically proper source of organs for China's transplants that is sustainable and healthy would benefit more patients," Huang said.He said a trial project run by the Red Cross Society and the Ministry of Health, which was started last March in 11 regions, has led to 30 free and voluntary organ donations."As the pilot gradually expands nationwide, more people will be willing to donate in China."He said willing organ donors, who die in traffic accidents or because of conditions such as a stroke will be the most suitable.Huang stressed that a compensatory aid program for organ donations will also be necessary and he suggested that donors' medical bills and burial fees should be covered and a tax deduction offered, rather than a fixed cash sum paid.Luo Gangqiang, a division director in charge of organ donation work with the Red Cross Society in Wuhan - one of the 11 trial regions - said cash compensation in some areas has prompted potential donors to shop around when deciding whether to donate."Few details concerning the system have been fixed so far," he told China Daily.Luo noted that his region is currently offering donors 10,000 yuan (,500) in compensation, which is less than the amount on offer in Shenzhen, another area participating in the pilot project.He said the money is mainly from hospitals receiving the organs.In other words, "it's finally from the recipients", he said.Many of the pilot areas are trying to set up special funds mainly to compensate donors in various forms, according to Luo."Donations from transplant hospitals, recipients, corporations and the general public are welcome."The money will also be used to support the work of coordinators, mainly nurses working in ICUs, he noted.Luo also pointed out a pressing need for brain death legislation to be brought in to help their work. Worldwide more than 90 countries take brain death as the diagnostic criterion to declare death.Given the limited understanding among the public and even some medical workers about when brain death happens and when cardiac arrest happens coupled with various social and cultural barriers to removing organs, "legislation on brain death won't come shortly", Huang said.For the official standard, "we should advise cardiac death at present as a death standard for donations", he said.But he also suggested that cardiac death and brain death could coexist and that Chinese people could be allowed to choose which one they want as the criterion for their own donations, based on individual circumstances and free will."The health ministry will promote brain death criterion at the appropriate time, when people can understand concepts such as brain death, euthanasia, and vegetative states," he said.Meanwhile, efforts are under way including organizing training, publishing technical diagnostic criteria and operational specifications on brain death among doctors to enhance their awareness.So far, China has an expert team of more than 100 people capable of handling brain death related issues, Huang noted.

KUNMING, Nov. 21 (Xinhua) -- Ten people were detained following a dispute between coal mine contractors which led to a deliberate explosion, killing nine people and injuring 48 others in southwestern Yunnan Province, local police said Sunday.The explosion occurred at around 9 a.m. Thursday at a temporary shed built by the Xiaosongdi coal mine in Luxi county of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, according to local officials.Most of the casualties, however, were said to be with Yuejin coal mine, which is at dispute with Xiaosongdi coal mine.Local police concluded based on preliminary investigations the explosion was created by people.According to local authorities, the contractors for Xiaosongdi mine and Yuejin coal mine, which are close to each other, reportedly had a dispute after the underground shaft of one mine broke through into the other.Further, a spokesman with the provincial land and resources bureau said Sunday that the bureau had been investigating the dispute between the two mines and had been helping with the negotiations prior to the explosion.Pan Mingzhou, manager of the Yuejin coal mine, said, "the two mines had no dispute at all before October, and the negotiations were going well under the supervision of the provincial land and resources bureau.""I have no idea of why the explosion happened," Pan noted.The detainees included Wang Jianfu, contractor of the Xiaosongdi coal mine, and Zheng Chunyun, owner of the Yuejin coal mine, said the local police.Both of the mines have an annual production capacity of 90,000 tonnes.

来源：资阳报