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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine begins circulating, there is another big logistical challenge ahead: reminding people to get the second dose.Both vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna require two doses spaced several weeks apart. People who get immunized often feel fatigue or soreness shortly after the shot and may experience fever, particularly after the second dose, according to clinical trial data.Doctors say those immediate, short-term side effects are a positive sign the immune system is revving up production.The side effects are similar to that of the shingles vaccine. But studies show about 20 percent of the people who get the shingles vaccine skip the second dose.Experts say if that happens with the COVID vaccines, there could be consequences.The worst-case-scenario is that skipping the second shot could allow the virus to spread and mutate, and potentially build resistance to the vaccines, according to Penn State University biologist David Kennedy.That outcome is considered unlikely, but the World Health Organization announced Monday it detected a new variation of the virus in England, showing the virus is already mutating without the evolution pressure of a mass vaccine program.“Does this make the virus more serious? Does it allow the virus to transmit more easily? Does it interfere with diagnostics? Would it interfere with vaccine effectiveness? These are questions. None of these questions have been addressed yet,” said Dr. Michael Ryan, director of the WHO Health Emergencies Program.When administered in two doses, Pfizer’s vaccine is 95 percent effective at preventing COVID-19 symptoms. The FDA’s review showed the vaccine could be up to 52 percent effective after a single dose, but the data was limited.“I think you could probably say you’re going to have short-lived but incomplete protection,” said vaccine expert Dr. Paul Offit. “Protection from disease but possibly not asymptomatic shedding.”It remains unclear whether people who are fully immunized against the virus can still spread it to others asymptomatically but someone who is only partially immunized may be especially prone to silent spread, according to Offit.When Americans roll up their sleeves to get the COVID-19 vaccine, they’ll get a 4 by 6 inch index card from the CDC noting which brand they got, the lot number, and when they’re due for the second shot.People who get Pfizer’s vaccine need to get a second shot 21 days later. People who get Moderna’s need to wait 28 days for round two.The CDC is encouraging people to photograph their card with their cell phone as a backup, because beyond the index card, the logistics of reminding people about their second dose will vary by state and healthcare provider.In California’s draft vaccination plan from October, the state said it was exploring ways to "systematically text, email, and/or auto-call individuals when their second dose is needed." The California Department of Public Health did not immediately respond to a request for comment about its latest plans.Much of the work may fall to the healthcare providers who administer the shots. Although the vaccine will be free for individuals, the government is paying providers for every first dose they give and for every second dose, a way to incentivize providers to keep close tabs on patients.However, only about 25 percent of the nation’s vaccination providers have systems that can send automated reminders, according to L.J Tan, the chief strategy officer of the Immunization Action Coalition. 3552

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Beginning Thursday, there will be intermittent closures on Balboa Ave. and Garnet Ave. due to construction. This work is part of the Mid-Coast Trolley Project.Crews will be dismantling the Balboa Ave. Railroad Bridge that extends from Garnet Ave. to east of I-5.The construction work will cause lane and ramp closures overnight through July. Here is what to expect: 402

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As winter approaches, doctors are worried about more than the novel coronavirus."When winter comes we all tend to go indoors, and [viruses are] more likely to spread between us in school, in workplaces it's just going to happen," Dr. Davey Smith, Chief of Infectious Diseases at UC San Diego, said.If you develop a cough, fever, chills and you're achy, Dr. Smith said it could be a variety of viruses."We are going to have multiple viruses running around in the community at the same time. Double triple, it's not just the flu it's RSV that kids oftentimes get, adenoviruses and other seasonal viruses and they all look the same," he said.Dr. Smith is urging San Diegans to get a flu shot, especially this year, concerned about the hospital being overrun, "it's not just the PPE, it's the hospital beds, the doctors and the nurses, and everybody who has to take care of them."Cajon Valley Union School District has had students on campus since July. Poway is bringing students back on campus as part of a phased reopening plan.Vista Unified School District plans to reopen Tuesday.According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, one million Americans returned to work in September.That combined with local COVID-19 cases rising, we could be in for a rough Fall and Winter.Dr. Davey said vigilance is key, "that means masks, washing our hands, staying at a safe distance, and if we can't do that then we're going to have problems in San Diego." 1467

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Californians associate “The Big One” with a devastating earthquake, but U.S. Geological Survey experts say a potentially larger threat could hit the state in the form of an “ARkStorm.”SPECIAL REPORT: Complete coverage of California's winter stormsExperts from every scientific field related to a potentially disastrous weather event gathered in 2010 to create the ARkStorm Scenario report for the USGS, imagining aspects of flooding of biblical proportions reaching the Western United States.“These storms do pose a real risk to California, in some ways far greater than that of earthquakes,” experts said in the study.The ARkStorm Scenario report reads like a Hollywood post-apocalyptic film script. Weeks of rain and snow are followed by catastrophic floods, landslides, and property and infrastructure damage which would cripple California’s economy.While the name “ARk” brings to mind a lifeboat scenario, ARkStorm project manager Dale Cox and chief scientist Lucile Jones coined the abbreviation to represent “atmospheric river.” A common term for meteorologists, these rivers in the sky work like highways for water vapor which comes to a screeching halt when it reaches land.A typical atmospheric river is the Pineapple Express, which pushes moisture from the tropics to the West Coast. It was a Pineapple Express that reached San Diego on Valentine’s Day, bringing warmer rain and lower snow levels, according to National Weather Service meteorologist Alexander Tardy.RELATED: Mega storm could cause billions in damage to California, report showsModels in the ARkStorm report show multiple areas of submergence in central San Diego. Mission Beach, which routinely sees flooding during heavy rain, is underwater in the ARkStorm scenario. Fiesta Island, ordinarily dry, disappears under Mission Bay.West-facing beaches, including those near Highway 1 in North San Diego County, are covered in water. Imperial Beach fares no better in its known run-off spots.“You have this outflow then you have the storm pushing in; it dams up,” says Cox of the coastal flooding impact.RELATED: How to check if your neighborhood is at risk of floodingTiming is critical in the creation of an ARkStorm. The same amount of precipitation predicted in the ARkStorm Scenario fell in 2017, says Cox. What made the difference in the impact, he says, is that the rain fell in 80 days instead of the 23 days imagined in the report.The West Coast will get notice, but not much, Tardy says. The most reliable models could give Californians a three-week warning for heavy rain.“We’re going to see it coming, but not where we can build a new levee,” Tardy said.RELATED: How San Diego's flooding compares to FEMA's historical hazard mapThe timing of the next ARkStorm is uncertain.“It could be next year, or it could be 120 years from now,” said Tardy.San Diego has seen significant rainfall in the 2018-2019 season, but few storms in recent years can compare with the potential disaster envisioned in ARkStorm.RELATED: Photos: Flooding catches San Diego by surprise“How do we help people understand it can get bigger than what they remember,” Jones said. “We prepare for the ones that we remember.”To create the report, experts accessed information from the records of Spanish ships off the coast of San Francisco in the 1600s. Other data were collected from tree rings, and newspaper reports from Sacramento in 1861 and 1862, the years an epic storm submerged California’s Central Valley past the level of telephone poles.As severe as it may seem, the ARkStorm Scenario is not the worst case scenario, said Jones.“If it has happened, it can happen again. And it probably will happen again.” 3695

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- At least one San Diego woman is a part of thousands who've volunteered to participate in a human challenge trial to find a vaccine for COVID-19. April Simpkins is a healthy 29-year-old. Simpkins said she felt helpless watching as the pandemic spread around the world, until she heard about 1 Day Sooner while listening to a podcast. 1 Day Sooner is an organization that advocates for volunteers willing to participate in a human challenge trial. The trial means being infected with COVID-19 in hopes of speeding up the process for a vaccine. The trial is restricted to young and healthy people. So far, there is no plan for any human challenge trials to fight COVID-19, but over 30,000 thousand people, from over 140 countries, have signed up to volunteer. The hope is to have the list of volunteers ready, if and when such a trial is approved. The trial would still require approval from a type of medical ethics board and from the Food and Drug Administration. To find out more about 1 Day Sooner click here. 1038

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