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JOHANNESBURG, March 23 (Xinhua) -- Cervical cancer ranks as the second most frequent cancer among women in South Africa.Recent information from a World Health Organization (WHO) and ICO Information Center on Human Papilloma virus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer 2010 report shows that 16.84 million South African women aged 15 years and older are at risk of developing cervical cancer.Current estimates indicate that every year 5,743 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and more than 3,000 die from the disease.About 21 percent of women in the general South African population are estimated to harbor cervical HPV infection at any given time, and 62.8 percent of invasive cervical cancers are attributed to HPV subtypes 16 or 18."Concern is growing as there appears to be an increasing epidemic of papillomavirus-induced disease involving not only the cervix but elsewhere in the female genital tract and anogenital region," said Professor Martin Hale, head of the Department of Anatomical Pathology at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in Johannesburg and the National Health Laboratory Service.The South African population and people from Africa in general have high incidences of the HPV subtypes 16 or 18 according to Professor Hale. He is not entirely sure why but is of the opinion that the infection rate can be lowered."The common theory is that HPV is transmitted through sexual intercourse. If treated like a sexual disease and the necessary precautions are taken during sex the infection rate can be lowered, " Hale told Xinhua in an interview on Wednesday.HPV is also exacerbated as a result of the HIV pandemic and cause a rapid progression of premalignant dysplasia to invasive cancer in HIV positive patients.Hale believes the limited access to information and resources make it easy for the condition to thrive.However, according to Hale, a debate is still raging on how, to whom and whether the vaccine should be administered.Black women are at higher risk of contracting HPV and subsequent cervical cancer. Other risk factors that increase susceptibility include age of first intercourse, the number of children per woman, and a weakened immune system, to name a few."To avoid getting cervical cancer get the vaccine against HPV 16 and 18 infection before starting to be sexually active, have protected sex and go for regular screenings," he told Xinhua.

BEIJING, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- There is some part of China that could use additional water -- the drought-hit north, even while the central government is grappling to soak up excess liquidity to contain price hikes.The dry spell has continued for months in the grain production regions in northern China, setting off concerns that it might threaten China's grain output and thus cause food price hikes, a major contributor of the country's inflation in recent months.The bad weather came and may aggravate China's battle on price hikes, including higher interest rates and reserve ratios. The government also introduced price caps and promised increases in supplies to stabilize prices.Meteorological and agricultural experts said it is still too soon to predict a decline in grain output. However, they worried that if the drought continues into the spring, grain output will fall and push up food prices.DRY SPELLWater shortages have been gripping nine provinces since October last year, including the six major wheat producing regions in China -- Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu -- which contribute more than 80 percent of the country's total wheat output.Further, rainfall in the six provinces averaged only 40.2 millimeters since October last year, down 53 percent compared with previous years, according to the National Climate Center.As of Monday, 60.39 million mu (4.02 million hectares) of crops throughout the nation were plagued by drought, according to the latest statistics from the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters."There have been no rains for four months. It has been too long," said Song Qingguo, a farmer at the Xitiegang village of Qixian County in Henan, where winter wheat output accounts for almost one-fourth of the country's total."Wheat output will probably drop if such a situation continues," he worried.At present, some 15.86 million mu of wheat is exposed to drought, according to Yang Biantong, an official with Henan's water authorities.Another key wheat growing province of Shandong is facing its worst drought in 60 years, local authorities said. About 2 million hectares of land used for growing wheat, or 56 percent of the wheat-planting areas in the province, have been hit by drought, and the area is expanding, the Shandong provincial flood control and drought relief headquarters said.H Scientists say it is a result of the La Nina effect that is also responsible for the harsh winter gripping large parts of China's south, which also affected production and transportation of vegetables and other food.The Ministry of Commerce said Tuesday that Chinese farm produce prices rose for a fourth consecutive week, through Jan. 23, with the wholesale prices of 18 staple vegetables growing 12.6 percent week on week. One reason for the price hike was the freezing weather in the south, it said."The current drought in China is the second worst during the same period of time since 1961 because of the adverse weather", said Zhang Peiqun, director with the weather forecast department of the National Climate Center.The bad weather will persist in the following period of time, which means the drought in the north and the cold snap in the south will continue, Zhang said.The China Meteorological Administration forecast on Wednesday that parts of Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and Zhejiang provinces will have heavy snow or snowstorms in the coming three days. Also, icy rain will slash parts of Guizhou and Yunnan provinces.

SAN FRANCISCO, May 10 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft Corp. on Monday said it will buy Internet communications company Skype for 8.5 billion U.S. dollars in cash, a bold move for the software giant to explore new business opportunities."Skype is a phenomenal service that is loved by millions of people around the world," Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said in a statement."Together we will create the future of real-time communications so people can easily stay connected to family, friends, clients and colleagues anywhere in the world," he added.Microsoft said it has agreed to buy Skype from the investor group led by Silver Lake, and the deal has been approved by the boards of directors of both companies.Skype will become a new business division within Microsoft, and Skype CEO Tony Bates will assume the title of president of the Microsoft Skype Division, reporting directly to Ballmer.The Skype deal ranks one of the biggest purchase in the 36-year history of Microsoft, which is struggling to compete in the fields of Internet and mobile phones beyond its dominance on personal computer software market.Founded in 2003 and based in Luxembourg, Skype offers a software application that allows users to make free or cheap phone calls and chats over the Internet with additional features including instant messaging and video conferencing.Numbers showed that Skype's 170 million connected users made over 207 billion minutes of voice and video conversations in 2010.Skype was acquired by eBay in September 2005, and then acquired by an investment group led by Silver Lake in November 2009.In a press release announcing the acquisition, Microsoft noted that the deal will increase the accessibility of real-time video and voice communications, generating significant new business and revenue opportunities, and enhancing its existing offerings of real-time communications products and services.Microsoft said Skype will support its devices like Xbox and Kinect, Windows Phone and a wide array of Windows devices, and it will continue to invest in and support Skype clients on non-Microsoft platforms.The acquisition is expected to obtain all required regulatory clearances within this calendar year, Microsoft said.

GUIYANG, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Migrant workers, or off-farm workers, in China should enjoy paid annual family-visit vacations as their urban counterparts, a political advisor in southwest China's Guizhou Province had said."Localities could legislate on the issue on a trail basis," said Yu Peixuan, a member of the Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), made this proposal at the political advisory body's annual session held Jan. 16-22.If migrant workers took paid home leave every year, they would have more time to help their wives in rural homes do the heavy farm work and educate their children, said Yu. "Thus, family ties would be cemented."Statistics show that 47 million women remain at home in rural China when adult males go off to cities to earn their livings.These women played an important role in taking care of the elderly people and children in their rural homes, but they also face many practical difficulties, such as heavy farm work and dull daily life.One of the major factors affecting these women's quality of life was the lack of communications with their husbands, said Yu.Yu called on large enterprises to allow migrant workers to take paid home leave first to set an example for other enterprises.According to the present Labour Law, regular workers at government organs, institutions and state-owned enterprises are eligible for paid vacations of one month per year to visit separated spouses in different cities or regions.

WASHINGTON, May 25 (Xinhua) -- Two U.S. astronauts conducted the third of four scheduled spacewalks for space shuttle Endeavour 's STS-134 mission on Wednesday morning, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced.Endeavour's mission specialists Drew Feustel and Mike Fincke completed a six-hour-54-minute spacewalk at 8:37 a.m. EDT (1437 GMT). They completed all planned tasks, installing cables to increase redundancy for the power system on the Russian segment of the station, completing the external wireless antenna system work Feustel and Greg Chamitoff began during the first spacewalk, and installing a power and data grapple fixture to Zarya. The fixture will allow the station's robotic arm to "walk" to the Russian segment, extending its reach by using that grapple fixture as a base.It was the 247th spacewalk conducted by U.S. astronauts, and the 158th in support of space station assembly and maintenance, totaling 995 hours and 13 minutes. If everything goes as planned, the 1,000th hour of space station assembly and maintenance will be logged on Friday.Endeavour lifted off on May 16 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, to deliver to the International Space Station a 2-billion- dollar, multinational particle detector known as the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS).AMS, a particle physics detector, is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments are designed to help researchers study the formation of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.There were initially five space shuttles in the fleet -- Challenger exploded shortly after liftoff in 1986 and Columbia disintegrated on its way back to Earth in 2003. Discovery retired earlier this year, while Endeavour is currently on its final mission. A last mission for Atlantis is scheduled for July, though funding for Atlantis remains in question.The sixth shuttle, Enterprise, did test flights in the atmosphere but was never flown into space. It is already on display at a museum outside Washington.When the U.S. space shuttle program officially ends later this year, the Russian space program's Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the station.

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