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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Conservationists planted dozens of Short-leaved Liveforever in a secret location Friday in an effort to help the succulent survive, according to San Diego Zoo Global Plant Division and the Chaparral Conservancy.The reason for the secrecy was due to the same two reasons the plant is endangered: Illegal harvesting and vandalism. David Hogan, Director of Chaparral Conservancy, lent seeds from an area in Torrey Pines to San Diego Zoo Global, which cultivated the plants for two years.Hogan grew up in San Diego and says his earliest memories are toddling around in nature. He says he's been keeping a close eye on these tiny plants for years, and is now thankful for the handful of grants from various agencies to make reintroducing Liveforever possible.The plant gets its name from its life cycle, sprouting leaves in the summer, and dying down to its root in the winter.Just off the trail, two yellow measuring tapes sat straight as arrows, creating a grid for the Zoo Global team to note where they planted root shafts. "[They're] pretty tiny; the only way we're going to find them is from these measurements," Joyce Maschinski, Vice President of Science and Conservation with Zoo Global said.She wasn't kidding. Looking down, the tiny plant blends right into the rocks surrounding it. Only a trained eye and careful steps keep these conservationists from stepping on the precious wildlife.Hogan said the Liveforever would grow about three times its size in a good year. In the summer, they can bloom beautiful flowers. That's part of the draw for illegal harvesters who sell the plants in Asia.Conservationists used tweezers to hold the roots in just the right place as they filled the marker-sized hole and watered the plants."Everybody knows that it's kinda hard to kill a succulent so they should be able to do well as long as we get them in there, in the right place to grow, and give them some water," Research Assistant with Zoo Global, Joe Davitt, said.Altogether they planted 46 root shafts across two locations."They're nowhere near as appealing to a lot of people as a, say, a baby polar bear or a giraffe, but they're just as equally important. They're part of the incredible biodiversity of life on earth," Hogan said.The Liveforever only grows in five places on Earth, between La Jolla, Carmel Valley and Del Mar, Hogan said."Sometimes it's appealing to go out onto the cliffs to get a better shot for the camera or the ocean or the sunset, but that's unfortunately where a lot of these really rare and endangered animals and plants live," Hogan said, encouraging people to stay on the trails."A lot of us who work with conservation connect with nature as home; this is where we go for comfort, this is where we feel the most connected with the rest of the world," he said. 2817

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - California energy officials are again urging customers to conserve energy as a summer heatwave continues.San Diego Gas and Electric said Sunday that for the second night in a row, San Diegans avoided rotating outages thanks to conservation efforts.The company warned earlier in the day that outages may occur as temperatures spiked.RELATED: Check today's forecast in your areaA flex alert is still in effect Monday from 3 to 9 p.m. as the California Independent System Operator pleads with Californians to use less power.An excessive heat warning remains in effect through 8 p.m. for San Diego County’s valleys, mountains, and deserts Monday. 669

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Another testing site is being added to San Diego County, and this one will be the closest to the U.S.-Mexico border so far for the region.The San Ysidro port of Entry’s PedWest crossing is one of the world’s busiest pedestrian international border crossings. Within the next two weeks, a testing site at that location will join the more than two dozen others across San Diego County. It will be an appointment-free, walk-up site. Officials expect 200 tests to be done daily there.Chicano Federation Chief Strategy Officer Roberto Alcantar said this is a step in the right direction as far as testing is concerned, but said there is still work to be done to help the Latino community.Related: San Diego County launches COVID-19 outreach campaign for LatinosHe said many in the Latino community are afraid of getting tests done because of the fear of a positive test.“Our community is nervous about losing their jobs, not being able to go to work, the real economic impact that comes from being positive and feeling that that might hinder them in a way,” he said.He added that this is a big-picture problem. The Latino community lacks affordable housing, forcing families to live in close quarters and increasing the risk of spreading the virus, and also forcing people to live across the border to find affordable housing. Many of these people are essential workers and need to continue to work to support their families, so they cross the border on a daily basis. This new site will help give them access to testing.“They’re having to cross the border every day. We’re hearing from workers that they’re spending 4-5 hours every day waiting just to cross,” said Alcantar.Alcantar also said that the new testing site will likely lead to more positive rates, as is expected with increased testing, and he worries about what that will do to the perception of the Latino community, which already has higher numbers than the rest. As of August 9, 62% of San Diego’s cases are Hispanic people, a community that makes up just 34% of the population. That number will likely continue to climb with another testing site in an area dominated by Spanish speakers. This, tied with a perception that people are carrying the virus from Mexico to the U.S., could be bad.“Our concern is that this will help push further that narrative that we have to have a testing site because the rates are coming from Mexico,” he said.The Chicano Federation has been working with UCSD to reach out to the Latino community and find out why they don’t want to get tested and also encourage them to get tested. They also have been working with the county and giving feedback on testing in the Latino community.San Diego County also launched a campaign at the end of July targeted at helping get resources and information to the Latino community about safety measures, testing resources and contact tracing. 2899

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As we continue to work through the pandemic, a couple of Carmel Valley kids are working to spread “some good news” for San Diegans. Brothers Zach and Asher Swazey are putting together their own newscasts.Its called “SGN San Diego.” The newscast is filled with good news.“You want to have something that will affect people in a positive way,” says 13-year-old Zach.The brothers are now working on episode two. They say it was a lot of work putting everything together.“It took us 2-3 weeks,” says ten-year-old Asher. “We went through multiple stages of editing. It took a little of time to make the script and film.”The boys say they were inspired to start SGN San Diego after watching actor and filmmaker John Krasinski on Youtube.The boys say their video is getting more views, but their headline is to make people feel good.“When you’re making a YouTube channel, it’s not about how many likes you get or how many subscribers, it’s how it affects people.”The brothers say their parents are also a big help. If you have any ideas for the boys to put in the newscast, you can send suggestions to somegoodnewssd@gmail.com. 1147