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BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- China's economy cooled to its slowest pace in seven years in 2008, expanding 9 percent year-on-year as the widening global financial crisis continued to affect the world's fastest-growing economy, official data showed Thursday.     Gross domestic product (GDP) reached 30.067 trillion yuan (4.4216 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2008, Ma Jiantang, director of the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), told a press conference.     The 9-percent rate was the lowest since 2001, when an annual rate of 8.3 percent was recorded, and it was the first time China's GDP growth fell into the single-digit range since 2003.     The year-on-year growth rate for the fourth quarter slid to 6.8 percent from 9 percent in the third quarter and 9.9 percent for the first three quarters, according to Ma. Graphics shows China's gross domestic product (GDP) in the year of 2008, released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on Jan. 22, 2009. China's GDP reached 30.067 trillion yuan (4.4216 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2008, expanding 9 percent year-on-year.    Economic growth showed "an obvious correction" last year, but the full-year performance was still better than other countries affected by the global financial crisis, said Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, or cabinet.     He attributed the fourth-quarter weakness to reduced industrial output as inventories piled up amid sharply lower foreign demand.     Exports, which accounted for about one-third of GDP, fell 2.8 percent year-on-year to 111.16 billion U.S. dollars in December. Exports declined 2.2 percent in November from a year earlier.     Industrial output rose 12.9 percent year-on-year in 2008, down 5.6 percentage points from the previous year, said Ma.     SEEKING THE BOTTOM     Government economist Wang Xiaoguang said the 6.8-percent growth rate in the fourth quarter was not a sign of a "hard landing," just a necessary "adjustment" from previous rapid expansion.     "This round of downward adjustment won't bottom out in just a year or several quarters but might last two or three years, which is a normal situation," he said.     A report Thursday from London-based Standard Chartered Bank called the 6.8-percent growth in the fourth quarter "respectable" but said the data overall presented "a batch of mixed signals."     It said: "We probably saw zero real growth in the fourth quarter compared with the third quarter, and it could have been marginally negative."     The weakening economy has already had an impact on several Chinese industrial giants. Angang Steel Co. Ltd. (Ansteel), one of the top three steel producers, said Wednesday net profit fell 55 percent last year as steel prices plunged. It cited weakening demand late in the year.     However, officials and analysts said some positive signs surfaced in December, which they said indicated China could recover before other countries.     December figures on money supply, consumption, and industrial output showed some "positive changes" but whether they represented a trend was unclear, said Ma.     Outstanding local currency loans for December expanded by 771.8 billion yuan, up 723.3 billion from a year earlier, according to official data.     Real retail sales growth in December accelerated 0.8 percentage points from November to 17.4 percent. Industrial output also accelerated in December, up 0.3 percentage points from the annual rate of November.     Wang Qing, Morgan Stanley Asia chief economist for China, said GDP growth would hit a trough in the first or second quarter. China will perform better than most economies affected by the global crisis and gradually improve this year, he said.     Zhang also predicted the economy will touch bottom and start to recover later this year, depending on the performance in January and February.     Zhang forecast GDP growth of more than 8 percent for 2009, based on the assumption that domestic demand and accelerating urbanization would help cushion China from world economic conditions.     Wang Tongsan, an economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said whether GDP growth exceeds 8 percent this year depends on how the world economy performs and how well the government stimulus policies are implemented.     Ma characterized the "difficulties" China experienced in the fourth quarter as temporary, saying: "We should have the confidence to be the first country out of the crisis."     Overall, the economy maintained good momentum with fast growth, stable prices, optimized structures and improved living standards, said Ma.     China's performance was better than the average growth of 3.7 percent for the world economy last year, 1.4 percent for developed countries and 6.6 percent for developing and emerging economies, he said, citing estimates of the International Monetary Fund.     "With a 9-percent rate, China actually contributed more than 20 percent of global economic growth in 2008," said Ma.     He said the industrial structure became "more balanced" last year, with faster growth of investment and industrial output in the less-developed central and western regions than in the eastern areas.     Meanwhile, energy efficiency improved: energy intensity, the amount of energy it takes to produce a unit of GDP, fell 4.21 percent year-on-year in 2008, a larger decrease than the 3.66 percent recorded in 2007, said Ma.     WORRIES ABOUT CONSUMPTION     A slowing economy poses a concern for the authorities, which they have acknowledged several times in recent weeks, as rising unemployment could threaten social stability. It could also undermine consumer spending, which the government is counting on to offset weak external demand.     The government has maintained a target of 8 percent annual economic growth since 2005.     China announced a 4 trillion-yuan economic stimulus package in November aimed at boosting domestic demand.     Retail sales rose 21.6 percent in 2008, 4.8 percentage points more than in 2007, said Ma.     Ma said he believed domestic consumption would maintain rapid growth as long as personal incomes continue to increase and social security benefits improve.     Urban disposable incomes rose a real 8.4 percent last year, while those of rural Chinese went up 8 percent, he said.     Analysts have warned that consumption could be affected if low rates of inflation deteriorate into outright deflation and factory closures result in more jobless migrant workers.     The urban unemployment rate rose to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, up 0.2 percentage point year-on-year.     Ma said about 5 percent of 130 million migrant workers had returned to their rural homes since late 2008 because their employers closed down or suspended production. Other officials have said that 6.5 percent or even 10 percent of migrant workers have gone home after losing their jobs.

MACAO, Jan. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping Saturday said here that Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) should promote its long-term economic diversification.     Xi, who paid the first official visit to Macao since assuming the office of Chinese Vice President in March 2008, made the remark when meeting with the SAR's Chief Executive Ho Hau Wah and 113 representatives from all walks of the local society in the Macao East Asian Games Dome. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R, front) meets with Macao SAR Chief Executive Ho Hau Wah in Macao, south China, Jan. 10, 2009.    Like the Chinese mainland and other places, Macao was hit by the impact of the global financial crisis recently and encountered some difficulties, Xi said, adding that despite this, "we should be confident as there are also opportunities and conditions for development."     Xi also said that the central government has launched a series of policies and measures to expand domestic demand and boost economic development.     "We are still confident that we can curb the further spread and impact of the global financial crisis and contain its damage, so as to achieve a new period of stable and rapid economic development," he said.     To ensure Macao's stable development in the face of global financial crisis, China's central government announced nine measures aimed to support Macao in six areas on Dec. 19, 2008. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L front) inspects Macao Tower, the tallest building in Macao, south China, Jan. 10, 2009.    These measures mainly concerned promoting the financial and infrastructure cooperation between the mainland and Macao, the overall opening-up of the mainland's service sector to Macao, and helping Macao's small-and-medium sized enterprises.     He also pointed out that Macao's capacity in various fields has been greatly strengthened since its return to the motherland nine years ago, and the SAR government has relatively sufficient financial supply and abundant knowledge and experience of how to tackle the crisis.     As for the development of Hengqin Island, a part of neighboring mainland city Zhuhai, Xi said the central government has decided to develop the island, but the development will be launched only when preparatory works were fully completed.     The development of Hengqin Island will provide new spaces for the diversification of Macao's economy, he said, adding that the central government will take Macao's needs into full consideration.     Located close to Macao, Hengqin Island is about three times the size of Macao. The land-strapped SAR has long been requesting a part in its development.     Xi arrived in Macao earlier this morning, starting his two-day visit to the island city. Xi paid two visits to the SAR in 2001 and 2005 respectively before assuming the Chinese vice-presidency.

BEIJING, Nov. 26 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council, or the Cabinet, said on Wednesday that more efforts would be made to encourage enterprises to upgrade technology and engage in independent innovation.     It also said there would be policies to promote merger and acquisition among enterprises.     The policies were clinched at an executive meeting of the State Council, presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao. The meeting was held to discuss measures to address difficulties faced by enterprises and promote economic growth and deliberate plans to reform finished oil pricing mechanism and fuel taxes and fees.     According to the meeting, plans would be drawn up to help some key industries, including steel, auto, ship manufacturing, petrochemical, light industry, textile, nonferrous metals, equipment manufacturing and information technology.     The meeting urged banks to increase credit supply to help small and medium enterprises overcome difficulties.     To offset adverse global economic conditions, the State Council on Nov. 9 has announced a 4 trillion yuan (585.7 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package to boost domestic demand. This will be combined with other boosting measures, such as loosening credit conditions and cutting taxes.     The huge amount of money will be spent over the next two years to finance programs in 10 major areas, such as low-income housing, rural infrastructure, water, electricity, transportation, the environment, technological innovation and rebuilding after several disasters, most notably the May 12 earthquake.     The State Council also discussed the reform plans of finished oil pricing mechanism and fuel tax and fees at the meeting. It decided to make public the two draft reform plans to solicit public advice.     According to the National Development and Reform Commission, the government has been studying a fuel tax to replace the current road tolls imposed upon vehicles.     The long-awaited fuel tax and fee reform was first proposed in 1994.     The State Council meeting also reached decisions to increase the storage of key materials and resources, accelerate development of the service industry and enhance measures to promote employment and social security.     More education and job training would be provided among the government's efforts to increase employment. This education and training should also cover the lay-off workers and rural laborers who returned from cities because of unemployment, according to the meeting.