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BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Monday called on it members to strengthen learning Marxist theories and various fields of knowledge as required by the country's modernization drive.A circular issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee said, "Be it a country, a nation or a party, if it does not strengthen study or enhance the learning ability, it will certainly be left behind by the time."It said as China has entered a new development stage, new problems will constantly emerge and "there are many things that we are not familiar with, or do not understand."It called on CPC members to deeply learn the Marxist theories, the Party's guideline principles, policies, history, and the country's laws and regulations, as well as various kinds of knowledge that would be useful in the modernization drive.It said efforts should be made to study the Scientific Outlook on Development, the core of policies of the leadership which has been enshrined in the Party's constitution and stresses a comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development that is people-oriented.

BEIJING, March 12 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Friday a stronger yuan offers no help for solving the Sino-U.S. trade imbalance problem, and China opposes politicizing yuan's appreciation.Su Ning, vice governor of the People's Bank of China, made the comments a day after U.S. President Barack Obama told the U.S. Export-Import Bank's annual conference that a more market-oriented exchange rate of yuan will make an essential contribution to global rebalancing efforts."We do not think a country should rely others to solve its own problems," Su, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, said on the sidelines of the top political advisory body's annual session.The U.S. Department of Commerce said on March 11 that the U.S. trade deficit with China increased to 18.3 billion U.S. dollars in January from 18.14 billion U.S. dollars in December. The increase renewed the U.S. call for a stronger yuan as it claimed the current exchange rate gives Chinese goods unfair price advantages.Su said although yuan has gained more than 20 percent since it depegged the U.S. dollars in June 2005, China's trade surplus tripled from 100 billion U.S. dollars in 2004 to nearly 300 billion U.S. dollars in 2008.In addition, he argued, a weaker U.S. dollar does not help cut the U.S. deficit. As the U.S. dollar depreciated by 3 percent annually in average between 2002 and 2008, its deficit soared from 500 billion U.S. dollars to 900 billion U.S. dollars, Su said.Tan Yaling, a financial researcher with Peking University, said as nations have different roles in international trade and differ in resources, what they produce, consume and want can be very different."It is unfair that the United States, on the one hand, consumes cheap Chinese goods, while on the other hand, it blames the low prices for causing their domestic job losses," she said.The Obama administration's continuous calls for a stronger yuan is actually aimed at diverting attentions from its domestic woes, experts said.To grapple with high unemployment rate and uncertain recovery prospects, Obama has to do something on job promotion to secure victory in the mid-term election in November this year, said Chen Zhiwu, a financial professor with Yale University.To curb soaring unemployment and boost growth, Obama has announced a special task force on a mission of doubling the U.S. exports in five years, as he said the U.S. can not "stand on the sidelines," as other countries are busy negotiating trade deals.Cheng Enfu, a deputy to the National People' s Congress (NPC), China' s top legislature, said the consistent pressure from the United States is simply because of its pursuit of national interests."Over-fast appreciation of yuan does no good to the global economic recovery which is still fragile and uncertain," he said.Zhu Yuchen, also an NPC deputy, said as China plays a leading role in global economic recovery, any drastic policy change will not only impair China's economy, but also the global recovery, which is not a responsible way.President Obama's remarks also came a month ahead of a semiannual Treasury Department report that could label China as a currency manipulator.Premier Wen Jiabao said in the government work report delivered to the NPC on March 5 that China will keep the yuan "basically stable" at an "appropriate and balanced" level.HEFTY SURPLUS, BUT SLIM PROFITSAlthough China has accumulated massive trade surplus over the past decades, that does not indicate the same profits, as more than half of China's exporters are foreign invested, lawmakers said.Figures released by the Ministry of Commerce showed 55.2 percent of China's foreign trade was completed by foreign-invested businesses last year. And 56 percent of the exports were done by foreign companies in China.Cheng Enfu said China only pockets paper-thin profits from the very end of the manufacturing chain, or processing and assembling work. However, the United States earn handsome profits from designing and distribution.According to a study by researchers of the University of California, of the 299 U.S. dollars retail value of a 30-gigabyte video iPod in the United States, 163 U.S. dollars is captured by American companies and workers, and 132 U.S. dollars go to parts makers in other Asian countries, while the final assembly, done in China, cost only about 4 U.S. dollars a unit."Even though Chinese workers contribute only about 1 percent of the value of the iPod, the export of a finished iPod to the United States directly contributes about 150 U.S. dollars to our bilateral trade deficit with the Chinese," Hal R. Varian, a professor of the University of California at Berkeley, wrote on the New York Times on June 28, 2007.Cheng Enfu noted it needs to upgrade exports product mix to fundamentally reverse China's disadvantages. That is, to export more profitable self-innovative products, rather than labor-intensive processing goods.

BEIJING, March 9 (Xinhua) -- Nearly 42.5 million Chinese rural workers received professional training in 2009, up 7.6 percent from the previous year and 42 percent higher than the yearly target, the Chinese Ministry of Education said Tuesday.About 7.91 million workers were trained in cities they work in after migrating from rural areas, accounting for 18.8 percent of the total, while the rest were schooled in their hometown provinces, the Ministry said.After the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008 when exports contracted and jobs vanished overnight, the Chinese government has increasingly emphasized the importance of rural worker training in a bid to improve worker's job skills and to prepare the country for industry upgrading, the ministry said.In southwest China's Tibet, training covered housekeeping services, traditional painting, solar energy applications and TV set maintenance which are closely linked with the local economy.In east China's Zhejiang Province, rural young people not enrolled at senior high schools have access to a 6 to 12-month training course to give them horticultural and general farming skills.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- China remains the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities as at the end of December, the U.S. media reported on Saturday.The report quoted the new government data as saying that China held 894.8 billion dollars in Treasury securities at the end of December, more than 755 billion dollars that had been previously estimated.But the new report also showed China trimmed its holdings of U. S. debt by 34.2 billion U.S. dollars in December.The U.S. Treasury reported on Feb. 16 that Japan surpassed China as the largest holder of U.S. Treasury securities in December. But the new estimate said Japan, now back in second place, held 765.7 billion dollars in December.Japan had been the largest holder of U.S. Treasury securities until China gained that distinction in 2008."Purchase of Treasuries by China would reflect only purchases by an entity in China from an entity based in the U.S.," Stone & McCarthy Research Associates said in a recent client note."The Data would not pick up purchases done on behalf of Chinese investors by dealers in the U.K or Hong Kong, for example, nor would it pick up purchases of Treasuries by investors in China from investors based outside of the U.S.," it added.China defended its move to reduce its holdings of U.S. Treasury securities, saying the United States should take steps to promote confidence in U.S. dollar .Last week, when responding to questions on China's sale of U.S. Treasury securities in December, China's Foreign Ministry spokesman Qin Gang said the issue should be viewed from two perspectives.He said on the one hand, China always followed the principle of "ensuring safety, liquidity and good value" in managing its foreign exchange reserve. And when it came to how much and when China buys the bonds, the decision should be made taking into account the market and China's need, so as to realize rational deployment of China's foreign exchange property, he said.And on the other hand, the United States should take concrete steps to beef up the international market's confidence in the U.S. dollar, Qin said.The way to view the issue was similar to doing business, he said.