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WASHINGTON, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The International Monetary Fund on Wednesday warned that the global economy was in "a severe recession" and the world output is projected to decline 1.3 percent this year, the deepest global recession since the Great Depression in 1930s.     "The global economy is in a severe recession inflicted by a massive financial crisis and acute loss of confidence," said the IMF in its latest World Economic Outlook report. "All corners of the globe are being affected." 　　EPICENTER OF CRISIS     According to the report, the world economy is projected to decline by 1.3 percent in 2009 as a whole and to recover only gradually in 2010, growing by 1.9 percent.     "Achieving this turnaround will depend on stepping up efforts to heal the financial sector, while continuing to support demand with monetary and fiscal easing," said the IMF.     The advanced economies experienced an unprecedented 7.5 percent decline in real GDP during the fourth quarter of 2008, and output is estimated to have continued to fall almost as fast during the first quarter of 2009, according to the report.     Although the U.S. economy may have suffered most from intensified financial strains and the continued fall in the housing sector, western Europe and advanced Asia have been hit hard by the collapse in global trade, as well as by rising financial problems of their own and housing corrections in some national markets.     Emerging economies are suffering badly and contracted 4 percent in the fourth quarter in the aggregate.     The United States, at the center of an intensifying global financial storm, will contract by 2.8 percent this year, said the IMF, adding that "the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression has pushed the United States into a severe recession."     Meanwhile, the euro zone economy will shrink by 4.2 percent this year and fall a further 0.4 percent in 2010, the IMF said, criticizing the bloc for weak public policy responses and coordination.     In Japan, the IMF expects 2009 output to fall 6.2 percent, far worse than its January forecast for a 2.6 percent decline.     China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year, half the 13 percent growth rate recorded pre-crisis in 2007 but still a strong performance given the global context, according to the IMF.     UNCERTAIN OUTLOOK     The IMF warned the financial crisis remains acute. "The financial market stabilization will take longer than previously envisaged, even with strong efforts by policymakers," it said.     Thus, financial strains in the mature markets are projected to remain heavy until well into 2010, and overall credit to the private sector in the advanced economies is expected to decline in both 2009 and 2010.     Meanwhile, emerging and developing economies are expected to face greatly curtailed access to external financing in both years.     In a semi-annual report Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which was released on Monday, the IMF said write-down on U.S.-originated assets to be suffered by all holders will be 2.7 trillion dollars, "largely as a result of the worsening base-case scenario for economic growth."     Total expected write-downs on global exposures are estimated at about 4 trillion dollars, of which two-thirds will fall on banks and the remainder on insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds, and other intermediaries.     In the latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF warned that the current outlook is exceptionally uncertain, with risks weighed to the downside.     The crisis has hurt international trade, with volume expected to plunge 11 percent this year before eking out 0.6 percent growth in 2010.     Consumer prices in developed countries were under pressure and would fall 0.2 percent in 2009.     "Even once the crisis is over, there will be a difficult transition period, with output growth appreciably below rates seen in the recent past," said the IMF.     BOLD POLICY     The IMF called for its members to take new bold policy stimulus to jump-start their economies.     "This difficult and uncertain outlook argues for forceful action on both the financial and macroeconomic policy fronts," said the IMF.     Past episodes of financial crisis have shown that delays in tackling the underlying problem mean an even more protracted economic downturn and even greater costs, both in terms of taxpayer money and economic activity.     "Policymakers must be mindful of the cross-border ramifications of policy choices," said the IMF. "Initiatives that support trade and financial partners will help support global demand, with shared benefits."     In advanced economies, scope for easing monetary policy further should be used aggressively to counter deflation risks.     Although policy rates are already near the zero floor in many countries, whatever policy room remains should be used quickly, according to the IMF.     Emerging economies also need to ease monetary conditions to respond to the deteriorating outlook.     However, in many of those economies, the task of central banks is further complicated by the need to sustain external stability in the face of highly fragile financing flows, the IMF warned.     The 185-member organization also warned against the rising protectionism.     "Greater international cooperation is needed to avoid exacerbating cross-border strains," said the IMF. "Coordination and collaboration is particularly important with respect to financial policies to avoid adverse international spillovers from national actions."     "A slide toward trade and financial protectionism would be hugely damaging to all, a clear warning from the experience of 1930s beggar-thy-neighbor policies," it warned.

BEIJING, July 14 (Xinhua) -- China's armed forces are raising the qualification and training levels of non-commissioned officers (NCOs) to build a professional corps with the ability to operate increasingly sophisticated weapon systems.     A reform plan unveiled by the Central Military Commission (CMC), China's top military authority, outlines the reforms which will affect the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) by the end of this year.     The number of non-commissioned officers (NCO) in the PLA and PAPF would rise to almost 900,000 while the total number of personnel would remain unchanged, Yang Yangshen, an officer with the PLA's Headquarters of the General Staff, told Xinhua on Tuesday.     He said the rise would be small, but would not give the current number of NCOs.     New NCO posts would be offered to increase the strength of increasingly technology-intensive forces.     The NCOs would be given more responsibility for equipment that needed better proficiency and information skills in addition to assisting commissioned officers with basic training.     According to the plan, the PLA and PAPF would recruit more graduates with three-year college diplomas, who could better understand the operation of modern military weapons systems, rather than promote enlisted personnel.     The PLA and PAPF enlisted personnel are mainly high school graduates who finished 12 years of education.     The modernization of the PLA's weapon systems called for better qualified non-commissioned officers, said Yang.     Currently, the NCOs of the PLA and PAPF are ranked in six categories, starting from the lowest NCO level 1 up to NCO level 6.     According to the plan, the new ranks, from lowest to highest, will be corporal, sergeant, sergeant first class, master sergeant class four, master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two and master sergeant class one.     The reform also introduces a training system by which the new NCOs need to acquire technical qualifications, such as weapons repair and equipment maintenance.     All NCOs who want to be promoted will need to pass upgraded training courses and exams, according to the reform plan.     The plan mandates that the maximum service time for junior grade NCOs (corporal, sergeant) is six years and intermediate grade (sergeant first class, master sergeant class four) is eight years. The senior grade NCOs (master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two, master sergeant class one) could serve for more than 14 years.     It would also increase the basic salaries for intermediate grade NCOs and subsidies for all NCOs.     The PLA and PAPF introduced volunteer recruitment in 1978, which was the original model of the NCO system established in 1998when the revised conscription law reduced the compulsory service period of the enlisted soldiers from three to two years.

BEIJING, June 2 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States are ratcheting up efforts to prepare for strategic and economic talks this summer as U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner continues his visit to Beijing.     "China-U.S. relations show a good momentum of development as both sides have kept close contacts since the new U.S. administration took office," President Hu Jintao told Geithner at the start of their meeting Tuesday afternoon. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R FRONT) meets with visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner (L FRONT) in Beijing, capital of China, June 2, 2009Hu reviewed his first meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama in London in April when both agreed on building a "positive, cooperative and comprehensive relationship for the 21st century" and launching China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogue.     "As both sides agreed to hold the first round of dialogue in Washington D.C. in July, I hope both will work closely, step up preparation so as to make the dialogue a success," Hu said in a statement issued by the Chinese Foreign Ministry.     Hu characterized the dialogue mechanism as "an important platform for both nations to deepen understanding, mutual trust and cooperation."     The strategic track of the dialogue will be chaired by Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, while the economic track will be chaired by Vice Premier Wang Qishan and Geithner.     "As influential nations in the world, China and the United States share extensive common interests and shoulder important responsibilities in tackling global economic challenges and resolving the world hot-button issues," Hu said.     He said China would like to work with the United States to strengthen dialogues at all levels, expand exchanges and cooperation for fresh progress in bilateral relations in the new era.     Geithner, on first visit to China as Treasury chief, said his visit was "a good start" of building bilateral ties and "looked forward to holding the dialogue in Washington D.C."     He hailed bilateral "capacity to work together in global stage" and said he saw "early signs of stabilization of the economies."     Earlier afternoon, Premier Wen Jiabao also met with Geithner in Zhongnanhai, the central leadership's compound near the Forbidden City in Beijing. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) meets with visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner in Beijing, capital of China, June 2, 2009"The foremost task for both countries is to work more closely to address the global economic downturn, oppose protectionism in trade and investment, promote reform in international financial system, tighten oversight of international reserve currency so as to ensure the stability and growth of China, the United States andthe world," Wen said.     During his three-day visit, Geithner had a flurry of meetings with China's top economic team, including Vice Premier Wang Qishanand chiefs of commerce, finance, banking and securities, among others. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (1st R) meets with visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner (1st L) in Beijing, capital of China, June 2, 2009In an hour-long meeting with Geithner Monday, Wang said, "The major task of our economic dialogue is to address the global economic slowdown.     "We will send a message that China and the United States are cooperating substantively to get over the difficult times, which will help boost confidence, promote global financial stability and economic recovery," Wang said.     Geithner told Wang, "The world is going through an exceptionally challenging period now and I think the world has a huge stake in our two countries working closely together to lay a foundation for recovery."     On Monday in a speech to students at China's Peking University, Geithner said that China's investments in the United States "are very safe. ... We have the deepest, most liquid financial markets in the world."     Geithner also struck a positive note on the global economy, citing the initial signs of improvement. Visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner (2nd R) meets with representatives of eight U.S. clean energy companies with branches in China, at Beijing's Capital Museum, June 2, 2009Earlier Tuesday, Geithner visited Beijing's Capital Museum, which is partly powered by solar energy, generated by panels manufactured by Michigan-based Uni-Solar Company.     Geithner also met with representatives of eight U.S. clean energy companies with branches in China at the museum, pledging to learn from China and other countries to improve energy efficiency.     "The core part of the U.S.-China cooperation will be on the energy part. We expected it to be the central part of the new strategic and economic dialogue we just put in place," Geithner said.     "The world is gonna be watching what we do together as countries in this area, as they are watching us cooperate to help resolve the global recession of financial crisis," he said. Visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner (2nd R) meets with representatives of eight U.S. clean energy companies with branches in China, at Beijing's Capital Museum, June 2, 2009.At the end of Geithner's visit, Clinton and Geithner issued a joint statement on the Strategic and Economic Dialogue, saying the first meeting of the dialogue will be held in Washington D.C. "during the last week of July 2009."     They said, "The dialogue will focus on addressing the challenges and opportunities that both countries face on a wide range of bilateral, regional and global areas of immediate and long-term strategic interest."     Geithner left Beijing on Tuesday evening.

BEIJING, May 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao held talks with his Sierra Leone counterpart Ernest Bai Koroma here Monday, both agreeing to push the bilateral friendly and cooperative ties to a new height.     Hu gave Koroma a red-carpet welcome, including a 21-gun salute and parade, at the Great Hall of the People. He started their talks by congratulating the Sierra Leone and African people on the 46th anniversary of Africa Day, a festival to celebrate the founding of the Organization of African Unity, which was succeeded by the African Union in 2002. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) holds a welcoming ceremony for his Sierra Leone counterpart Ernest Bai Koroma in Beijing, capital of China, May 25, 2009Hailing the traditional friendly exchanges between the two peoples and ruling parties, Hu said "the Chinese people would never forget the two countries' forging diplomatic ties in the 1970s, nor would they forget the precious support Sierra Leone offered for the restoration of China's legitimate seat in the United Nations."     He expected Koroma's current trip to further step up traditional friendship and facilitate cooperation.     Koroma said his country was grateful to the selfless assistance China offered over the years, adding the one-China policy is a cornerstone of Sierra Leone's China policy.     Taiwan and Tibet, both historically and geographically, are inalienable parts of the People's Republic of China, he added.     Calling the two countries "good friends and partners", Hu said the China-Sierra Leone traditional friendship remains unchanged despite the turbulence of international situations.     Hu said President Koroma highly treasures bilateral ties and firmly sticks to the one-China policy. Bilateral relations have shown a sound momentum of accelerated growth since President Koroma took his office.     The two heads of state agreed to explore cooperation in the areas of infrastructure construction and resource exploitation.     To boost bilateral ties, Hu proposed to keep close contacts among the two countries' leaders, maintain friendly exchanges between lawmaking organs and ruling parties, and make joint efforts to facilitate bilateral education, public health and human resources programs.     He told Koroma China values its trade ties with Sierra Leon, and is committed to helping speed up the country's economic reconstruction.     Hu welcomed more Sierra Leone young people to study in China, pledging to foster more professionals for the country.     China had offered scholarship to altogether 311 Sierra Leone students since 1976.     Hu also vowed to promote the accomplishment of existing bilateral projects as scheduled, offer aid to Sierra Leone's education, culture, public health programs, and enhance coordination with it on major issues including peacekeeping, poverty reduction and fighting against global challenges.     Koroma said his country welcomed increased investment from China to aid his country's economy, vowing to create sound environment and conditions.     "Sierra Leone highly values relations with China, and is ready to cement all-round cooperation with the country and learn from its development experience," he said.     Koroma called on enhanced bilateral cooperation on international and regional issues, in particular African issues, to further push forward Sierra Leone-China and Africa-China ties.     The two presidents attended a signing ceremony for three cooperative agreements including one on China's providing anti-malaria medicines to Sierra Leone.     The West African country, once British colony, gained independence in 1961 and founded the Republic of Sierra Leone. With a population of over 6.1 million and an area of some 71,740 square kilometers, the country is the lowest ranked country on the Human Development Index and seventh lowest on the Human Poverty Index, following years of civil wars.     China forged diplomatic ties with Sierra Leone on July 29, 1971. Between that date and this March, China had invested 33.9 million U.S. dollars in the country and helped build more than 30 projects including hydropower stations, a national stadium, hospitals and government buildings.     Sierra Leone rolled out its first CDMA network in the country last month with help from Chinese equipment vendor Huawei Technologies. Sierratel, the country's government-owned telecommunication company, received a delivery of 16.6 million U.S. dollars worth of wireless telecommunication equipment from Huawei, funded by the Chinese government's preferential loan.     Chinese ambassador to Sierra Leone Qiu Shaofang said China would build two hydropower dams in Sierra Leone in the next three years.     "China has offered long-term economic aid to Sierra Leone and has promised not to reduce assistance in spite of the global slump," said Qiu.     Bilateral trade topped 83.71 million U.S. dollars last year, up 30.4 percent year on year. With the global downturn, total bilateral trade in the first four months of the year was down 40 percent to 12 million U.S. dollars.     China mainly exports machinery and electrical products, textiles and chemical products to Sierra Leone, while imports logs, natural rubber and coco beans.     Koroma's ongoing China trip will also take him to central China's Hunan Province and the country's financial hub Shanghai.

VIENNA, May 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo and Austrian President Heinz Fischer met here Friday afternoon, agreeing to further expand cooperation on bilateral and international issues in face of the global financial storm.     Wu arrived in Vienna Friday morning for an official goodwill visit to Austria. He is the first Chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC) who visited Austria in the past 15 years. Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian President Heinz Fischer in Vienna on May 15, 2009. Wu Bangguo arrived in Vienna on May 15 for a four-day official goodwill visit to Austria. During his meeting with Fischer, Wu emphasizes that China places great importance on further developing relations with Austria. He said China is ready to expand friendly contact between the governments, parliaments and political parties of the two countries on a basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefits.     Wu said the two countries should enhance mutual understanding and trust so as to deepen cooperation in various fields and carry out closer coordination and communication on international affairs.     Fischer appreciates the responsible stance and measures that China has taken in addressing international financial crisis. He said the financial crisis has caused great impact on every country in the world and required joint effort of all countries in addressing it.     Wu briefed Fischer about China's policy measures to address the financial crisis and maintain stable, fast economic growth.     Both sides agreed that despite differences on such issues as Tibet, they should join efforts to bring in a new era of bilateral relations.     Fischer reiterated that Austria will as always stick to the one-China policy, which is a consensus of all political parties in Austria. This stance will never change under any circumstances.     Wu appreciated Fischer's statement and reiterated China's principled stance on the Tibet issue.     On China-EU relations, Wu said both sides should firmly support each other's development by joining hands to address global challenges, including financial crisis and climate changes. He said the two sides should join efforts to curb trade and investment protectionism and maintain rapid growth of trade and economic cooperation.     Wu hopes Austria will play a constructive role in advancing China-EU relations.     Fischer expressed the belief that Wu's visit to Austria will help enhance friendship and advance cooperation in all fields between the two countries. 

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