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The 2020 election is set to be unlike any other in history.With the COVID-19 pandemic, election officials expect up to 70% of all ballots to come in through the mail.There have been claims of fraud by President Donald Trump, but experts say the data does not support those claims."Somebody is more likely to be struck by lightning than they are to commit voter fraud,” said Lawrence Nordon, director of the election reform program at the Brennan Center for Justice, a non-partisan public policy group at NYU.Nordon says in the last few federal elections, 25% of all votes were cast through the mail. He says it can not only be more convenient, but an important tool when it comes to verifying results.“Mail ballots are paper ballots. That means we do have an opportunity to audit all of those ballots,” said Nordon. “But I think people should feel very comfortable with the security of the system.”As for security, election officials take extra measures to ensure the integrity of the ballot. Firstly, mail-in voting reduces the risk of foreign interference to nearly zero. Mail-in ballots are printed on a specific type of paper with technical markings that are difficult to duplicate. They also include several local elections like city council, school boards, and ballot initiatives. It means there are thousands of different ballots for our country’s 3,000 counties.Then you consider the actual ballot itself.It comes in a secrecy envelope that is connected to each individual voter who needs to sign it. That signature is verified by judges who are sometimes trained by the FBI to detect inconsistencies.Counties across the country also have system in place that update voter registration, death records, and address changes daily while they go in and cross-reference the data as well to make sure the ballots are going where they are supposed to and people are who they say they are.“[Voter fraud] is not a thing. I think we’ve had one prosecution in 15 years,” said Paul Lopez, clerk and recorder for the city and county of Denver.Lopez says of the nearly 213,841 votes cast by Denver residents in the state primary on June 30, 211,626 were cast through the mail. And this is for a state that had the highest voter turnout of 77% in 2016.“The biggest thing we can do is inform folks and make sure they understand the process, make sure they understand that it’s secure, that it’s safe, that it’s transparent,” said Lopez.This is not to say there are not cases of voter fraud; there are. In July 2019, prosecutors in North Carolina filed charges against a Republican political operative accused of ballot tampering in a congressional election in 2018.Since 1982, the conservative Heritage Foundation says there have been 1,088 proven cases of individual voter fraud.That may sound like a lot, but the Brennan Center for Justice says considering the hundreds of millions of votes cast in that time, it is considered so rare and happens on such a small scale, that it does not warrant the broad-based red flags some people raise. 3041

TEMPE, Ariz. — It's a huge breakthrough for the highly contagious and deadly norovirus as researchers at the Arizona State University’s Biodesign Institute have come up with a vaccine made from plants.The norovirus is known as the perfect human pathogen. It can have you feeling awful for days, but researchers at ASU say a form of the tobacco plant may be the key to a vaccine.Also known as the cruise ship illness, norovirus hits nearly 20 million Americans every year. According to Andy Diamos, a post-doctoral researcher at ASU, the average person has the stomach bug five times in their life.“Norovirus is a horrible bug to get,” said Diamos. “It causes vomiting, diarrhea, all sorts of nasty stuff.”There is no vaccine for the highly contagious bug because it's notoriously difficult to produce in a lab, until now, thanks to Diamos and Hugh Mason with the Biodesign Center.“Genetic engineering has allowed us to design systems like plants to produce useful things like vaccines,” said Diamos.By using a form of the tobacco plant, researchers discovered that a harmless bacteria would help grow a norovirus vaccine when the proper genes are transferred to the leaves.“You can basically put in whatever genes you want and transfer those to the plant, so that's how we get the plant to make the vaccine,” said Diamos.According to Diamos, real viruses are surrounded by a shell that protects its genes. The vaccine that grows inside the tobacco plant is essentially that shell without the harmful insides.“If you give that to someone as a vaccine, it looks just like the real virus, but there is nothing on the inside,” said Diamos. “It can't cause disease; it can't actually infect you.”That's what makes these plant-based vaccines safe and effective.“One of the main reasons why we're focusing on plants is because they're so cheap to work with. These vaccines will hopefully be much cheaper to produce than traditional methods,” said Diamos.Many discoveries from ASU researchers hit the market, this one could too, but it needs further study and would eventually need to be picked up by a pharmaceutical company which could take years. 2154

The @PelicansNBA & @utahjazz kneel for the National Anthem ahead of the NBA restart. pic.twitter.com/TCFolP06HM— NBA on TNT (@NBAonTNT) July 30, 2020 161

TAMPA, Fla. -- As parents across the country grow more concerned every morning when they send their kids to school, more and more are turning to bulletproof backpacks.“After Sandy Hook, people couldn’t wrap their minds around a bulletproof backpack but now they think it’s something that they need," said Yasir Sheikh, the president of Guard Dog Security.The Sandy Hook shooting inspired Sheikh to create a backpack out of bulletproof materials. It doesn’t seem like much. The backpack has just a thin layer of kevlar, but it is certified to withstand handgun rounds.“Ideally, we think with the way things are going this should become mandatory, common for all students," said Skeikh. "It’s a sad reality, it’s become a new normal."Others feel the same. Just three days after the deadly school shooting in South Florida his company saw a 150 percent increase in the number of bags they shipped.But do they actually work?Ryan Hart is a certified firearm instructor for defense training company Ground Ready International Training, or G.R.I.T Ready. He also teaches active shooter survival courses.Hart put a barrel with sand behind the backpack to simulate a body and took aim with his Glock 19.“The rounds definitely penetrated the front of the bag here," said Hart inspecting the shot-up bag, "But if we flip it over there’s no penetration past the armor itself."Next up: the AR-15.In the last decade, this style of gun has been used in six of the 10 deadliest mass shootings throughout the country, including the Parkland school shooting.“It went right through the soft armor," Hart said after spraying the backpack with bullets from the AR-15.It's what Hart expected, as the Guard Dog Security backpack is not certified to withstand assault-style weapons. To stop bullets from a similar weapon, the backpack would need to be equipped with steel plates like those installed in military vests. However, that would make the backpack fairly heavy to carry.“I would recommend (the backpack), yes," Hart said. "While it did not stop a direct shot from an assault rifle it can still stop bullet fragments, ricochets, glass flying through the air.”Then we posed this question to Skeikh: "What do you think it says about our society that we are resorting to items like this?"The backpacks cost between 0-200. Fifty percent of the proceeds from sales of the backpacks right now will go to the victim's families of the Parkland shooting.Guard Dog Security is also looking into possibly making backpack, that would have the ability to stop assault-style weapons. 2664

Suspended Ohio State head football coach Urban Meyer apologized on Friday, two days after Meyer failed to apologize to Courtney Smith, the ex-wife of fired OSU assistant coach Zach Smith.Meyer was suspended for three games on Wednesday by Ohio State's Board of Trustees and university president Michael Drake for mishandling notifying the university of allegations that Zach Smith had assaulted his wife in 2015. Meyer claimed to investigators that he had forgotten about the allegations as university officials claimed Meyer was bound by his contract to notify the department's compliance office of possible crimes involving his staff. At a news conference on Wednesday where Meyer's punishment was announced, Meyer was asked if he had anything to say to Courtney Smith. "I have a message for everyone involved in this. I'm sorry that we are in the situation. And I'm just sorry we are in this situation," Meyer replied, without mentioning Courtney Smith by name. After being criticized for failing to address Courtney Smith, Meyer issued a statement on Friday, apologizing to her.  1116

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