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HONG KONG, March 18 (Xinhua) -- After over a year's efforts, scientists from Shanghai and Hong Kong announced on Friday that they have completed the whole genomic sequencing work of Isaria cicada, a rare herb highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine, which will help facilitate its further development in medical and nutrition fields.It is the first time that the whole genomic sequence of Isaria cicada has been released, said the scientists from Shanghai Institute of Bio-Asia Life Science and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), who participated in the research.The result was announced at the International Biomedical Scientists and Biotechnology Forum 2011 held in the day at the Hong Kong Science Park.According to the result, the genomic size of Isaria cicada, a medicine traditionally used to treat children's diseases, is about one eightieth of human genome, containing about 16,000 genes.The tests that had been done proved that Isaria cicada, with many high-quality genes not recognized or used by human beings yet, has been deeply involved in important life processes like metabolism, providing new ways for further development of Isaria cicad in bio-medical area, said a scientist from HKUST.The genome map will also help accelerate the artificial cultivation of Isaria cicada, enhancing its medicine and nutrition value and making it available in a larger market, according to the scientist.

LIMA, May 5 (Xinhua) -- A total of 53.5 million people in Latin America and the Caribbean suffer from hunger or malnutrition, experts said at an international forum here Thursday.Juan Garcia, coordinator of the 5th work-group meeting of the Latin American and Caribbean Initiative Without Hunger, said the figure has not increased since 1990.Experts and officials from 13 countries gathered to discuss the challenges facing regional food security and advances that have been made, hoping to make cooperative efforts to eradicate hunger and malnutrition by the year 2025.Carcia said people affected most across the continent are still those living in rural areas as well as African descendants and indigenous people who suffer from "exclusion and inequality."The main cause of undernutrition is not lack of food-production capacity, but access to food, Carcia said.Six countries, Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua, have approved food security laws with nine more in the process of doing so. The laws are considered as a way to ensure that local agricultural products are primarily used to feed the countries' own populations and not used for export.

WASHINGTON, April 4 (Xinhua) -- Scientists have identified a gene that appears to play a role in regulating how much alcohol people drink, in a study of over 47,000 people published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The researchers say that finding a common genetic variation influencing levels of alcohol consumption may lead to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying alcohol drinking behavior in the general population.The gene, called "autism susceptibility candidate 2", or AUTS2, has previously been linked to autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but its function is not known.The new study, by an international consortium led by scientists at Imperial College London and King's College London, found that there are two versions of the AUTS2 gene, one three times more common than the other. People with the less common version drink on average five percent less alcohol than people with the more common version.The gene is most active in parts of the brain associated with neuropsychological reward mechanisms, suggesting that it might play a part in regulating the positive reinforcement that people feel when they drink alcohol.Alcohol consumption is known to be partly determined by genes but until now the only gene known to make a notable contribution was the gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the liver.Professor Paul Elliott, from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London, said: "Of course there are a lot of factors that affect how much alcohol a person drinks, but we know from twin studies that genes play an important role. The difference that this particular gene makes is only small, but by finding it we've opened up a new area of research into the biological mechanisms that control drinking."

WASHINGTON, May 20 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved Sutent to treat patients with progressive neuroendocrine cancerous tumors located in the pancreas that cannot be removed by surgery or that have spread to other parts of the body.Neuroendocrine tumors found in the pancreas are slow-growing and rare. It is estimated that there are fewer than 1,000 new cases in the United States each year.This is the second new approval by the FDA to treat patients with this disease. On May 5, the agency approved Afinitor."FDA believes it is important to provide cancer patients with as many treatment options as possible," said Richard Pazdur, director of the Office of Oncology Drug Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "The agency is committed to working with companies to bring innovative new therapies to the market and encourages companies to continue exploring additional uses for approved products."The safety and effectiveness of Sutent was established in a single study of 171 patients with metastatic (late-stage) or locally advanced (disease that could not be removed with surgery) disease who received Sutent or a placebo (sugar pill). The study was designed to measure the length of time a patient lived before their disease spread or worsened (progression-free survival).Results from the study demonstrate that Sutent provided benefit to patients by prolonging the median length of time they lived without the cancer spreading or worsening to 10.2 months compared to 5.4 months for patients who received placebo.In patients treated with Sutent for neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors, the most commonly reported side effects included diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anorexia, high blood pressure, energy loss, stomach pain, changes in hair color, inflammation of the mouth, and a decrease in infection-fighting white blood cells.Sutent is marketed by New York City-based Pfizer.

SAN FRANCISCO, March 7 (Xinhua) -- The world's leading hard rive producer Western Digital Corp. on Monday announced that it has agreed to buy Hitachi Ltd.'s hard disk drive unit for about 4. 3 billion U.S. dollars, a move that will create a dominant player in the industry.Western Digital said that it plans to acquire Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hitachi Ltd., in cash and stock.The proposed combination will result in a customer-focused storage company with the industry's broadest product lineup backed by a rich technology portfolio, Western Digital said.According to their agreement, the resulting company will retain the Western Digital name and remain headquartered in Irvine in the U.S. state of California.The transaction has been approved by the board of directors of each company and is expected to close during the third quarter of 2011.With the purchase, Western Digital will claim 49.6 percent share of global hard disk drive unit shipments based on latest quarterly statistics, compared to 29.4 percent for Seagate Technology LLC, the industry's No. 2 supplier, research firm iSuppli pointed out.The deal will give Western Digital a lead of 20.2 percentage points over Seagate, up from a mere 2 points without the acquisition, iSuppli said in a research note released Monday.The acquisition will also allow Western Digital to enter the critical enterprise hard disk drive segment, where it currently is only a marginal player.Analysts believed that the purchase might be a consequence of declining hard disk drive shipments, which are being impacted by the rising sales of tablet computers, which don't use hard disk drives and are cutting into the sales of mobile PCs, a major market for hard drives."Amid weaker industry conditions, organic sales growth is more difficult to achieve, prompting hard disk drive suppliers to engage in acquisitions to gain market share," iSuppli noted.