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MOSCOW, Oct. 28 (Xinhua) -- China and Russia issued a joint communique here Tuesday, pledging further efforts to strengthen strategic coordination and deepen cooperation in various fields.     The communique was signed by visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin at the 13th regular prime ministers' talks between the two countries. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin (2nd R) sign a joint communique on the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministers in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersDuring his visit, Wen also held separate talks with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Speaker of the Russian Federation Council Sergei Mironov, and attended the third China-Russia Economic and Trade Summit Forum.     During his meeting with Medvedev, Wen and the Russian president had an in-depth exchange of views on the two countries' strategic coordination and cooperation, as well as major regional and international issues. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (R) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two leaders said that the Sino-Russian strategic partnership of cooperation has witnessed rapid growth in recent years, with enhanced mutual trust and support and broadened cooperation in key areas.     The two sides agreed that it is important and urgent for China and Russia to comprehensively strengthen bilateral relations in the current complicated international situation. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersIn line with the spirits and principle of the treaty of good-neighborliness and friendly cooperation, China and Russia will implement all agreements and consensus reached by the two sides, promote mutual political trust, facilitate pragmatic cooperation and deepen strategic coordination, so as to benefit the two countries and peoples and make greater contributions to world peace and stability.     Wen and Putin noted that the prime ministers' regular talks have played a significant role in boosting pragmatic bilateral cooperation in various fields, saying both countries are willing to continue to better the mechanism and improve its efficiency. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two sides will make all events of the "national theme year" of China and Russia approved by the two heads of state a regular occurrence, implement the plan for the year of Russian language in2009 in China, and make preparations for the year of Chinese language in 2010 in Russia.     The two countries will make joint efforts to further expand trade and economic cooperation, so as to promote their economic development.     Both sides should give full play to the role of the China-Russia Chamber of Commerce of Machinery and Electronic Products, and take practical measures to increase high-tech products in bilateral trade. Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008.The two sides will, in the principle of equality and mutual benefit, make use of the Sino-Russian investment promotion conference and take measures so as to sign a draft plan of China-Russia investment cooperation at an early date, to create a sound investment environment, effectively protect the legal rights and interests of investors, implement investment projects of mutual interests, and expand cooperation in industrial projects, infrastructure construction and renovation.     They will continue to step up regional cooperation along the border, to further regulate the cross-border trade order, improve the structure of commodities, and upgrading the infrastructure in port cities.     The two sides reaffirmed that energy cooperation is an important part of the China-Russia strategic partnership of cooperation, and the two nations should deepen energy cooperation on the basis of mutual benefit.     Both sides agreed to support cooperation in oil and gas, including long-term trade of crude oil, the construction of oil pipelines linking Russia and China, the upstream and downstream cooperation in oil fields, natural gas supply and the establishment of natural gas processing and chemical enterprises.     The two sides also agreed to widen and deepen long-term cooperation in space technology to ensure the completion of the 2007-2009 space cooperation program as scheduled.     In the fields of science and technology, China and Russia, by combining their efforts in high priority fields of scientific research, will implement joint projects with great innovative potential and commercial prospects. The two sides will further promote cooperation in nanotechnology, energy, energy saving, ecology and rational utilization of natural resources.     The two sides also agreed to push forward cooperation in transportation and traffic infrastructure, enhance cooperation in such areas as trade and project financing, bank card and export credit insurance, and to further cooperation in the civil aviation sector.     They spoke highly of bilateral cooperation in telecommunication and information and communication technology, and pledged to improve the cooperative mechanism in anti-monopoly, supervision of advertisement law and anti-unfair competition, and to expand and deepen cooperation in information exchange in the border area.     Both sides will continue to expand cooperation in disaster relief and strengthen relevant exchange in science and technology and information.     The two sides are willing to boost cooperation in environmental protection and reasonable utilization and protection of cross-border water.     They agreed to continue to organize and hold activities of cultural exchanges between the youths of China and Russia, including an art festival, summer or winter camps and language competitions.     The two sides expressed satisfaction with the successful Russian cultural festival in China this year and support for the Chinese cultural festival in Russia in 2009, which they said will be an important event marking the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries.     The two sides will encourage their libraries, museums and theaters to set up direct contacts and develop cooperation.     Both countries will also continue to deepen cooperation in health-care services, especially in such fields as prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, rest cure and medicine supervision.     They will facilitate sports exchanges and cooperation, agreeing to hold the 3rd China-Russia youth games in 2009.     The two sides will comprehensively implement bilateral accords and programs in tourism, and improve the mechanism and expand cooperation in such fields as media, movie production and file management.     They agreed to hold the 14th regular prime ministers' talks in China next year on a date to be decided through diplomatic discussions.     During the 13th prime ministers' regular talks, the two countries signed a number of documents, including several agreements on cooperation in such fields as energy, banking and high technology.     Wen arrived here Monday for a three-day official visit to Russia aimed at strengthening China's strategic partnership with the country.     Russia is the first leg of Wen's two-nation tour, which will also take him to Kazakhstan.

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao's participation in the Economic Leaders' Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in Lima on Nov.17-26 and his state visits to Costa Rica, Cuba, Peru and Greece are rich in content and fruitful in result, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said here Thursday. As the world financial situation is becoming increasingly grave and China-Latin America, China-Greece relations are entering a new phase of historical development, President Hu's trip is of great significance in enhancing international cooperation to cope with global financial crisis and boosting the further growth of China-Latin America, China-Greece ties.     During his visit, Hu attended more than 70 activities and signed over 30 cooperation agreements with different countries. Hu was received with the highest courtesy and great warmth in all the countries he visited. The visits have also attracted great international and local media attention and been given heavy coverage.      Chinese President Hu Jintao delivers a speech during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) CEO summit in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 21, 2008. The APEC 2008 CEO Summit kicked off in the Peruvian capital on Friday to address growth, free trade, sustainable development, APEC's relationship with the global economy and other issues    ENHANCE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGAINST FINANCIAL CRISIS     At the meetings, President Hu Jintao stressed the importance for international community to strengthen confidence, cooperation and coordination to tackle jointly the current financial crisis, maintain world financial stability, and promote global economic growth.     Hu proposed a number of measures to solve the current crisis, including strengthening coordination of macro-economic policies, curbing the spread of financial crisis through all necessary fiscal and monetary means to avoid a possible global economic downturn.     He proposed to adhere to the right orientation in establishing a new international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive, and orderly. Necessary reforms should be carried out in international financial system by following the principles of comprehensiveness, balance, step by step and effectiveness to create the system environment for the sound development of the world economy.     He also proposed to change the existing mode of unsustainable economic growth in an effort to solve the deep-seated problems in economic growth of various countries.     Hu also called for support to the developing countries struck by the financial crisis to help keep the momentum of their economic development.          BOOSTING STABLE DEVELOPMENT OF PRAGMATIC COOPERATION AMONG APEC MEMBERS     At the meeting, Hu put forward five-point proposals on dealing with major global issues of common concern.     He urged APEC member economies to build consensus and promote sound development of the multilateral trading regime.     He also urged them to take up responsibilities and jointly tackle climate change.     In addition, APEC member economies should enhance exchanges and cooperation and join forces to combat natural disasters, he said.     Efforts should be made to regulate guidance and strengthen corporate social responsibility, he added.     The Chinese president also stressed the importance for APEC members to take coordinated actions and ensure world food and energy security.     On APEC's future development, Hu said APEC should maintain its nature of a forum for economic cooperation and its approach of conducting cooperation on a non-binding basis.     He said that the APEC members should continue to promote balanced progress in economic and technical cooperation and trade and investment liberalization.     "In particular, we should increase input in economic and technical cooperation to enhance capacity-building in developing members and narrow the development gap."     Hu also presented proposals on tackling climate change, combating natural disasters and boosting the exploration of human resources.     He expressed China's willingness to help finance the network for Asia-Pacific forest restoration and sustained management, and host the APEC Human Resources Development Ministerial Meeting in 2010.     The proposals have drawn widespread welcome and support from the participating members.

BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year.     Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth.     They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern.     "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission.     It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs.     China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide.     "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented.     "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics.     Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third.     President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge.     "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.     Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand.     The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent.     Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate.     The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks.     The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent.     Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent.     On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years.     To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed.     China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers.     "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University.     Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market.     How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government.     "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce.     China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises.     "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce.     The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added.     Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda ahead of the closing ceremony of "China-Japan Friendly Exchange Year of the Youth" in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 20, 2008.     BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) --A total of 2,008 young people from China and Japan on Saturday concluded a year-long youth exchange program between the two countries.     Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and former Japanese Prime Minister Fukuda Yasuo joined the youth at the closing ceremony in Beijing University of Aeronautics and Aerospace.     In their half-hour meeting before the ceremony, Wen and Fukuda, who decided on this program during their talks in Singapore last year, hailed the exchange program "reached its expected aims."     The program coincided with the 30th anniversary of the signing of the China-Japan Peace and Friendship Treaty, which Wen said "made the exchange activities more significant."     Under the program, more than 12,000 youth from China or Japan paid visits to the other country since the program was launched in March in Beijing.     "Hopefully the young generation of the two countries will keep the old memories, cherish the current days and create a bright future," Wen said, calling for youth to carry forward China-Japan friendship.     Fukuda said Japan-China was founded on the deeper mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples.     "The exchange program is a great success and will help boost the youth interaction," Fukuda said.     As a finale of the program, a 1,000-member Japanese delegation were paying week-long visit to China. Among the delegations were Japanese youth from various walks of life, including parliamentarians, government officials, businessmen and journalists.

BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese exporters face an increased risk of not being paid for their goods as foreign banks run out of cash and some overseas importers evade paying debts, China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) warned Monday.     "The cases of malicious debt evasion and breach of contracts by importers in certain countries or regions are on the rise," said the ministry in a notice. It attributed the phenomenon to the impact of the deepening global financial crisis.     The MOC urged local governments, guilds and overseas Chinese businesses to more closely monitor the credit of foreign importers.     Priority should be placed on tracking the credit ratings of foreign lenders, it said.     The ministry also called on local governments to support the development of export credit insurance and encourage exporters to carry such insurance by reducing premiums.     From January to November last year, China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (SINOSURE) provided 56.5 billion U.S. dollars of guarantee for exporters against credit risks such as payment default. That is 63.6 percent higher than the same period a year earlier. The reason for the increase is that more exporters sought insurance, company figures show.     SINOSURE is China's only policy insurance company undertaking export credit insurance.     In that period, SINOSURE paid 210 million U.S. dollars of indemnities, up 174.5 percent from the same period of 2007.     In December, the insurer reduced credit ratings for a record 48countries, including the United States. A total of 191 countries were reappraised in December.