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WASHINGTON, April 3 (Xinhua) -- Scientists have confirmed that metabolic syndrome, a constellation of conditions that increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes, may also increase the risk of the two most common types of liver cancer, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research's 102nd Annual Meeting 2011, held in Orlando, Florida on April 2-6.Katherine McGlynn, a senior investigator at the National Cancer Institute, said approximately one-third of the U.S. population has metabolic syndrome, which is defined as the co-occurrence of at least three of the following five conditions: raised blood pressure, elevated waist circumference, low HDL or "good" cholesterol, raised triglyceride levels and raised fasting plasma glucose levels.According to McGlynn, persons with these conditions may be at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.For the current study, researchers identified 3,649 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 743 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. They compared the medical history of these patients with the medical histories of 195,953 cancer-free adults.Statistical analyses showed that the persons with liver cancer were significantly more likely than cancer-free persons to have a prior history of metabolic syndrome: 37.1 percent of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had pre-existing metabolic syndrome, as did 29.7 percent of patients with intrahepatic carcinoma; only 17.1 percent of the cancer-free adults had metabolic syndrome.Liver cancer incidence has been rising since the 1980s in the United States. The factors related to the increase are not well understood. "A lot of attention has focused on viral risk factors, but a significant part of the increase may be due to metabolic syndrome, as well as to diabetes and obesity," said McGlynn."The prognosis for liver cancer is only marginally better than the prognosis for pancreatic cancer, with a five-year survival of approximately 10 percent," she said. "Prognosis is more favorable, however, when liver cancers are diagnosed at early stages when they are small and localized to the liver."

WASHINGTON, May 4 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Wednesday that its Gravity Probe B (GP-B) mission has confirmed two key predictions derived from Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, which the spacecraft was designed to test.The experiment, launched in 2004, used four ultra-precise gyroscopes to measure the hypothesized geodetic effect, the warping of space and time around a gravitational body, and frame- dragging, the amount a spinning object pulls space and time with it as it rotates.GP-B determined both effects with unprecedented precision by pointing at a single star, IM Pegasi, while in a polar orbit around Earth. If gravity did not affect space and time, GP-B's gyroscopes would point in the same direction forever while in orbit. But in confirmation of Einstein's theories, the gyroscopes experienced measurable, minute changes in the direction of their spin, while Earth's gravity pulled at them.The findings are available online in the journal Physical Review Letters."Imagine the Earth as if it were immersed in honey. As the planet rotates, the honey around it would swirl, and it's the same with space and time," said Francis Everitt, GP-B principal investigator at Stanford University. "GP-B confirmed two of the most profound predictions of Einstein's universe, having far- reaching implications across astrophysics research."GP-B is one of the longest running projects in NASA history, with agency involvement starting in the fall of 1963 with initial funding to develop a relativity gyroscope experiment. Subsequent decades of development led to groundbreaking technologies to control environmental disturbances on spacecraft, such as aerodynamic drag, magnetic fields and thermal variations. The mission's star tracker and gyroscopes were the most precise ever designed and produced.GP-B completed its data collection operations and was decommissioned in December 2010."The mission results will have a long-term impact on the work of theoretical physicists," said Bill Danchi, senior astrophysicist and program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "Every future challenge to Einstein's theories of general relativity will have to seek more precise measurements than the remarkable work GP-B accomplished."

NAIROBI, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- The East Africa Community (EAC) and the Chinese government held talks on Wednesday to explore new areas of cooperation and boost trade between both sides.A statement from the EAC Secretariat said China's Ministry of Commerce Director Department of West Asian and African Affairs Chai Zhijing held discussions with Secretary General of the East African Community Juma Mwapachu on bilateral cooperation. "The Chinese delegation were at the EAC Headquarters to explore areas of cooperation specifically trade and investment opportunities in areas such as agriculture, animal-husbandry, production and processing of mineral and other natural resources, manufacturing, commerce and logistics, and tourism," the statement said.It noted that the delegation wants to know how China could support and facilitate cross-border infrastructure projects such as transport, communication and power.The Chinese and EAC officials also discussed cooperation in human resource development and training.Speaking during the meeting, Mwapachu said the visit by the director will open further the cooperation space between China and the EAC.He said the prevalence of Chinese firms in the region was very high in the construction industry and some other infrastructural developments.He noted that Chinese companies were involved in the construction of the EAC Arusha-Namanga-Athi River Road projectThe EAC secretary general said the regional economic bloc, which comprises Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi, was truly looking forward to forging a lasting relationship with China.Chai said China has very good economic and cultural relations with all the five partner states of the East African Community and that all the five states were enjoying economic stability.He said EAC had a reputable framework for integration and development for the region, adding that "these form the solid basis for establishing cooperation with the People's Republic of China."The two sides agreed to come up with a concrete framework for engaging each other in the identified areas of cooperation, within one month.

LOS ANGELES, April 4 (Xinhua) -- A woman's breast milk cells may be used to predict cancer in future research, according to a study published by HealthDay News on Monday.In the study, researchers at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst collected breast milk from 271 women in the United States. All had either undergone a biopsy of the breast to check for cancer, or were scheduled for one.The researchers evaluated breast milk samples from the biopsied and non-biopsied breasts.The researchers first isolated potentially cancerous cells, known as epithelial cells, and then isolated DNA to look for signals that regulate tumor suppresser genes.In the next step, the researchers analyzed three genes among the many known to undergo a process called methylation in breast cancer. Methylation in a specific region of a gene can inhibit or suppress the expression of a gene.For one gene, SFRP1, the average methylation was higher in the biopsied breast, the study found.Among the women whose biopsies detected cancer, average methylation of the RASSF1 gene in the biopsied breast was considerably higher compared to the non-biopsied breast.Among the women whose biopsies detected cancer, average methylation of the RASSF1 gene in the biopsied breast was considerably higher compared to the non-biopsied breast."It looks as if we can use the cells from breast milk to assess breast cancer risk," said Dr. Kathleen Arcaro, an associate professor of veterinary and animal sciences at the university.It's too soon, however, to assess the cancer detection rate associated with breast milk cell examination, she said."We can't say at this point for two reasons," she said. "One is, we need long-term follow-up. And the second really important reason is, we need to sample a larger panel of genes."Arcaro is to present her findings later Monday at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research in Orlando, Florida, according to HealthDay News.

BEIJING, April 10 (Xinhua) -- Many children in the U.S. live in poverty and their physical and mental health is not ensured as nearly one in four children struggles with hunger, according to a report on the U.S. human rights record released by China on Sunday.The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2010 was released by the Information Office of China's State Council in response to the country reports on Human Rights Practices for 2010 issued by the U.S. Department of State.The poverty rate increased for children younger than 18 to 20.7 percent in 2009, up 1.7 percentage points from that in 2008, the report quoted figures from the U.S. Census Bureau as saying.The report pointed out that violence against children is very severe in the country, citing figures from the official website of Love Our Children USA that every year over three million children are victims of violence reportedly and the actual number is three times greater.More than 93,000 children are currently incarcerated in the United States, and between 75 and 93 percent of children have experienced at least one traumatic experience, including sexual abuse and neglect, the report said.According to the report, pornographic content is rampant on the Internet and severely harms American children as seven in 10 children have accidentally accessed pornography on the Internet and one in three has done so intentionally.

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