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With more than 5 million COVID-19 cases in the United States, the one group that has seen a noticeable rise in infections is children.Over the past four weeks, there has been a 90% spike in known COVID-19 cases among children in the U.S., according to the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association."While children represented only 9.1% of all cases in states reporting cases by age, over 380,000 children have tested positive for COVID-19 since the onset of the pandemic," the association wrote in a report. Although, we're seeing more American kids being diagnosed with COVID-19, the mortality rate remains relatively low compared to adults. The association says children represented 0% to 0.4% of all COVID-19 deaths, and 19 states reported zero child deaths. In states reporting, 0% to 0.5% of all child COVID-19 cases resulted in death.Public health officials have warned about opening schools in states with COVID-19 hot-spots. Medical experts say having youth in crowded hallways and classrooms poses a significant threat.There are currently 800 students in Georgia's Cherokee County that are in quarantine due to possible coronavirus exposure. This is just one week after in-person learning began.Some health experts like Michael Osterholm, a director at the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, are concerned another big spike in cases is on the way."We think we're going to see an explosion of cases in September that will far surpass what we saw after Memorial Day and this is just going to continue increasing, getting higher and higher in terms of numbers," said Osterholm.Researchers say an effective testing strategy would help communities properly determine if and when to reopen schools for in-person teaching.This story was originally published by Julia Varnier at WTKR. 1838

While it has been suggested to hold a vigil in the Memorial, we are asking that we stand together to confront hate - BUT NOT physically stand together in the Memorial. Let us each stand up and be a force of goodness. Let us stand together as a community of compassion.— Wassmuth Center (@IdaHumanRights) December 9, 2020 337

When he was diagnosed with two autoimmune diseases, Joel Hechler knew he’d be in for a battle. He didn’t realize maybe his toughest one would be with his insurance company.“I think they put the dollars ahead of a patient’s health,” Hechler said. “I don’t think they fully understand the impact the medicine will have on my long-term health and well-being."Hechler suffers from Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, diseases that attack the lining of his digestive tract. Autoimmune conditions like his can’t be cured but, with the right medication, the symptoms can be controlled.  Finding the right medicine can be hard for those suffering from autoimmune diseases. Even if there are scores of drugs on the market, some patients might only respond to one. In Joel’s case, his doctor thought he’d have a better chance trying a drug called Remicade.“I received a letter from my insurance company that denied the Remicade on the basis that I have to try a different drug before I can get to Remicade," Hechler said.Hechler's insurance company, Premera Blue Cross, wouldn’t approve the drug his doctor prescribed because they wanted him to try a cheaper one first.It’s part of a program that health insurers nationwide use called step therapy, requiring that patients try less-costly drugs before “stepping up” to more expensive ones — even if doctors believes the cheaper drug won’t work.Dr. Larry Adler is president of Huron Gastro in Ypsilanti, Michigan and says he spends virtually every day battling insurance companies over step therapy drugs.“They have to fail this medicine first before they get the new drug,” Adler said. “That doesn’t make any sense.”Adler says it's common for patients to get sicker while waiting for step therapy to run its course.In Hechler's case, it took six weeks of fighting with his insurer to convince them that the cheaper drug wouldn’t be effective. As he was waiting, he was getting worse.“It got to the point where I had to be admitted to the hospital,” Hechler said. "I was very, very sick.”Step therapies are used by insurers to try to control skyrocketing prescription medicine costs, says Glen Perry, Director of Pharmacy Contracting and Sales for Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan.“These drugs can cost up to 0,000 per year. These are not cheap medications,” Perry said.“It seems like you’re telling patients that, in many cases, your insurer knows what’s best for you, rather than your doctor,” Jones said.“We are trying to provide the most cost effective and safe medication use,” Perry said, adding that when a doctor and insurer disagree over a drug, they can usually resolve the case within a few days without putting a patient at serious risk.“A delay of one or two days I don’t think is really going to make that much of a difference for the medical outcome of the patient," he said.But for many patients, like Phyllis Toole, the delay is longer than a few days.Phyllis suffers from rheumatoid arthritis, a condition where her body attacks her joints. When her doctor wanted to put her on Orencia, her insurance company HAP said she needed to first try a less expensive drug, Humira.But Phyllis’ doctor was worried about possible side effects and thought Humira could be risky.After battling for months, Phyllis says the whole thing made her feel more like a number than a patient. With her doctor and insurer in a standoff, she was forced to rely on samples of the drug she got from her doctor. HAP never approved her prescription.“They’re playing doctor, is what it feels like,” Toole said. “They’re saying this is what you can have for the symptoms you have. It may make you sicker, but this is what you can have.”HAP issued the following statement to Scripps station WXYZ in Detroit: 3800

Whenever you get vaccinated for the coronavirus, there is a good chance you will need to get two doses of the vaccine. Two types of vaccines are expected to begin being distributed this month and both require two doses 28 days apart.Dr. Anthony Fauci said during a CNN town hall on Friday that the first vaccine is the “prime” vaccine dose, and the second one is a booster. The two vaccines, one from Pfizer and the other Moderna, are expected to receive an FDA emergency use authorization in the coming weeks.Fauci said another vaccine, one produced by Johnson and Johnson, would only require one shot. But Fauci cautioned that the data from that vaccine candidate has not been reviewed. The Moderna and Pfizer vaccines are showing an efficacy of 95%, and both vaccines had a near 100% effectiveness against severe coronavirus cases.While the first shot will offer some protection against the virus, Fauci says that the boost will give Americans “optimal” protection against the virus.“What you have is you get some degree, not optimal, but some degree of immunity a couple of weeks after the first dose,” Fauci said. “That's not optimal. After the second dose, you get optimal immunity anywhere from seven to 10 days after the second dose."As vaccine doses begin to make their way to health care workers and high risk patients, Fauci says it will be important for everyone, even those who are vaccinated, to still wear masks and conduct social distancing. Fauci says that those who are vaccinated could potentially carry the virus, even if they will not become symptomatic.Fauci said that it will take a vast majority of Americans getting vaccinated before the US reaches herd immunity. When the US reaches herd immunity, that is when social distancing measures can be eased, Fauci says. "Even if you're vaccinated, you may be protected against getting sick, but you may not necessarily be protected against getting infections. So you may have some virus in your nasal pharynx. It wouldn't bother you, and maybe it wouldn't even infect anybody else, but it would be there. That's the reason why you can't abandon all public health measures." 2151

When it comes to airline safety, mechanical problems and security issues are usually a passenger's top concerns. But there's a possible health risk airline crew members call a stinky little secret.Crew members work to keep passengers safe and comfortable when flying but there's a secret they want you to know about in the cabin air. Flight attendants and pilots call it the "dirty sock smell."One flight attendant, who was granted anonymity for this story for fear of losing his job, says that smell sent him to the emergency room last summer."(The) smell kept getting intense, intense. (I) started to get light-headed, wanting to throw up," "Andrew" said. "For almost 15 minutes the smell just kept getting stronger and it didn't go away. That's when I felt extremely sick, light-headed and was hard to breathe."He wasn't the only one with a serious reaction.   "My other flight attendant next to me asked, 'Is that the smell that everyone's been talking about?' Everyone called it the 'dirty sock smell,'" the flight attendant said.According to industry insiders, the source of that foul stench comes from how airplanes are designed. Air in airplane cabins comes from "bleed air" — air that begins as fresh air outside that enters the jet engine. After entering the engine, some of that air "bleeds" off, mixed in with recycled cabin air and then is pumped back into the cabin.When a gasket leaks inside the jet engine, fumes from hydraulic fluids, oils or de-icing agents can enter the cabin.Julie Anderson, a representative from flight attendant union Association of Flight Attendants, says some of the oils that enter the cabin contain neurotoxic additives."Engine oil fumes contain a very complex mixture of chemicals that can include carbon monoxide," Anderson said. She added that the "dirty sock smell" can lead to hypoxia, headache, dizziness, feeling faint, confusion and even incapacitation."That's obviously an issue for flight safety and security," she said.When Andrew's plane landed and the flight attendants' symptoms persisted, they were sent to the emergency room."They said I had a high level of carbon monoxide detected in my blood," he said. Anderson says the industry has known about the problem since the 1950's and she says the solution is elementary. "My 11-year-old can recognize that it doesn't make sense to compress air in an engine that can leak oil, and feed that air to people in an enclosed space, without putting a filter on board," she said. As simple as that sounds, the stink about dirty sock smell is wafting into the courtroom. In an ongoing lawsuit, a group of flight attendants is suing Boeing, claiming their health suffered from a fume event on an Alaska Airlines flight. Boeing declined a request for an interview but issued a statement, saying that "Boeing has not changed its position that cabin air is safe to breathe." (See Boeing's full statement below) Even so, Boeing's new Dreamliner 787 doesn't use bleed air at all. Instead, air is generated by compressors. But that's the only plane in the sky using that system. Flight attendant Andrew is now plagued by a nagging cough and has to use an inhaler, causing him to worry more about travelers.   "I was concerned that if someone got sick, they wouldn't know why they got sick," he said. "My first responsibility is the safety and security of my passengers."Airbus, the FAA and trade organization Airlines for America all issued statements when asked for comment. Airbus stated they are "...not familiar with the events you're talking about" and referred to this study which concludes while concentrates in cabin air are present, they are very low and evidence doesn't show there is a health risk. The European Aviation Safety Agency published studies on cabin air quality in March of 2017. Allegiant and Spirit never responded to a request for comment. United Airlines referred reporters to Airlines for America.STATEMENT FROM BOEING: 4066