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WASHINGTON, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- Children with autism have more brain cells and heavier brains compared to typically developing children, according to a study to be published on Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association.The small, preliminary study provides direct evidence for possible prenatal causes of autism.The prefrontal cortex is involved in various higher order functions such as language and communication, social behavior, mood, and attention. Children who have autism tend to show deficits in such functions.Eric Courchesne, of the University of San Diego School of Medicine Autism Center of Excellence, and colleagues conducted direct counts of brain cells in specific regions of the prefrontal cortex in postmortem brains of seven boys who had autism and six typically developing males, ranging in age from 2-16 years. Most participants had died in accidents, but the researchers did not base their selection on causes of death.The researchers found that children with autism had 67 percent more neurons in the prefrontal cortex and heavier brains for their age compared to typically developing children. Since these neurons are produced before birth, the study's findings suggest that faulty prenatal cell birth or maintenance may be involved in the development of autism. Another possible factor that may contribute to the neuronal excess is a reduction in apoptosis, or programmed cell death, which normally occurs during the third trimester and early postnatal life.Though small, this preliminary study examined all relevant postmortem tissue available at the time. The relative scarcity of tissue from very young children may limit future research as well, but efforts to include a larger number of samples are needed to confirm these findings and to identify patterns of age-related changes in autism, the researchers say."Earlier studies of head circumference and early brain overgrowth have pointed us in this direction, but there have been few quantitative neuroanatomical studies due to the lack of postmortem tissue from children with autism," said Thomas Insel, director of the National Institute of Mental Health, in a statement. "These new results, along with an earlier study reporting altered wiring of the prefrontal cortex, focus our attention on this critical area of the brain in autism."

UNITED NATIONS, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- China welcomes and supports all efforts and measures that would break the current deadlock of the Palestinian-Israeli negotiation and relaunch their dialogues, Chinese UN ambassador Li Baodong said here Tuesday.Li made the remarks when addressing a Security Council monthly open debate on Middle East."The Middle East peace process is currently in a stalemate. China is deeply concerned over the development," Li said."We always maintain that the parties concerned should resolve their disputes through political negotiations under the relevant UN resolutions, the principle of 'land for peace,' the Arab Peace Initiative and the Middle East Roadmap for Peace with the goal of ultimately establishing an independent Palestinian state and two states,Palestine and Israel, living side by side in peace," he said. China appreciates the efforts made recently by Jordan and Quartet of Middle East to facilitate the two parties to have direct contact, said Li, adding "We hope the relevant peace promotion efforts will help resume the Palestinian-Israeli peace negotiation sooner and achieve substantive result. China supports a greater role of the UN in resolving the Middle East issue."Calling the Israeli settlement "a major obstacle" for the resumption of Palestinian-Israel peace negotiation, Li said China is seriously concerned about the recent approval by the Israeli government of plans for expansion of new settlements."China is always against Israeli establishment of Jewish settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory including East Jerusalem. We urge Israel to cease the settlement construction immediately, be prudent in action and work actively in collaboration with the efforts of the international community to promote peace, and create conditions for the resumption Palestinian-Israeli peace negotiation," the ambassador said.China has always supported the Palestinian people in their just cause to restore the lawful rights of the nation, and maintained that establishment of an independent state is the lawful right of the Palestinian people as the basis for the implementation of the "two-state solution""China supports the establishment of an independent Palestinian state that enjoys full sovereignty, with East Jerusalem as its capital and based on the 1967 border. China supports Palestine's membership in the United Nation," Li said.The Syria-Israel track and the Lebanon-Israel track are important component of the Middle East peace process, and play an indispensable role in the overall settlement of the Middle East issue, Li said.China firmly supports the just cause of Syria and Lebanon to maintain sovereignty and territorial integrity, and recover their occupied territoriesChina supports the strategic choice made by Arab states in their pursuit of a comprehensive and lasting peace in the region, Li added.He also called on relevant parties to keep constrained, avoid the escalation of tension in Gaza, effectively implement relevant UN resolutions and fully lift the Gaza blockade.

BANGKOK, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Hundreds of Bangkok residents gathered in the city centre on Thursday, making ten thousand micro-organism balls to help clean the polluted water in flooded areas.Organized by local volunteer groups, the activity aimed to make 10,000 Effective Micro-organism balls (EM Ball), which are proven to be efficient in cleaning contaminated floodwater.According to Danal Chanchaochai, the organizer of the event, people in flooded areas were facing critical conditions as germs may spread in polluted water and threat their health. Mainly consist of soil, rice bran and micro-organisms, a tennis-sized EM Ball is capable to clean up 10 liter of water and can last for as long as one month, which making it a perfect water sanitizer.Another main objective of the event was to educate citizens on the simple steps of making EM Balls, in case of more flood in the city, he said.The organization had generated buzz on social media sites like facebook and twitter, calling everyone to help.Held at Amarin Plaza, one shopping mall at city centre, the activity attracted groups of volunteers, including office workers, local students and even foreign visitors.Volunteers were lining up to get the raw materials from the collection point and gave back completed EM Balls to the distribution centre in boxes. Residents needed to present their identity cards in order to retrieve the donated water cleaners.Volunteer Kulawan Ayura Chai said that, although her house hadn' t been affected by water yet, she understood the difficult situation faced by the victims and felt responsible to help.Lasted for three days from Thursday to Saturday, the activity aimed to make 100,000 EM Balls, adding to the 30,000 balls made earlier, to distribute to the flood victims in Bangkok and other regions in Thailand.

BEIJING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- China issued rules for pilot programs of RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (RQFII) on Friday, formally giving a green light to investment of overseas RMB funds in mainland securities markets.The move is expected to widen the investment channel of overseas RMB funds and add new momentum to the country's bid to make the RMB an international currency.Hong Kong subsidiaries of fund management companies and securities firms can use RMB funds raised in Hong Kong to invest in mainland securities within a permitted quota, according to the rules jointly released by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), the People's Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.The total investment quota of RQFII pilot programs is set at around 20 billion yuan (3.15 billion U.S. dollars), according to the rules.To control risks, qualified investors should invest no less than 80 percent of the RMB funds they raised in fixed-income securities, while investment in stocks and equity funds should account for no more than 20 percent.The CSRC will join other related departments to study the possibility of further expanding the trial program after its launch, said a CSRC official who declined to be identified.The launch of the RQFII will open another significant channel for overseas RMB funds to flow back into the country, said the CSRC official.It will also help diversify investment products for overseas RMB funds and facilitate off-shore RMB business, the official said.The RMB is not fully convertible under the capital account but China has stepped up efforts to make the currency more international over the past few years.The government has encouraged the use of the RMB in cross-border trade and investment settlement and approved foreign direct investment in overseas RMB funds obtained overseas.It also allowed Hong Kong to establish an offshore yuan market and has expanded trade settlement agreements and currency swaps to create more channels for the yuan to circulate outside the mainland.

BEIJING, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- An online survey has revealed that Chinese people have a mixed opinion on Sunday's Spring Festival TV gala, the 30th of its kind since 1983, albeit many of them agree that there were innovations and improvements in it.As of 10:00 p.m. Monday, about 48 percent of some 71,000 respondents in the poll held by sina.com.cn, one of China's major portal websites, said they think the gala fall short of their expectations.Another 23 percent of them said they think the gala was just fine, and only 10 percent said it was splendid.The gala, an annual grand celebration broadcast by the China Central Television on the eve of the traditional Spring Festival, China's lunar New Year, is the most-watched TV event in the country."I can see the efforts of the gala staff, but it is still not good enough," said netizen "roam the life" at the Sina weibo, a popular Twitter-like microblogging website.At the Sina weibo website, the topic "grumble at the 2012 Spring Festival TV gala" has outnumbered others with over 64 million comments and become the hottest topic of Monday.Nonetheless, many people acknowledge the innovations and improvements in the gala.The gala made some attempts to take a more public-friendly approach by inviting some "grassroots" performers, such as farmer-singer Zhu Zhiwen, as well as cutting all commercials during the broadcast.A dance performance depicting a romance of peacocks and starring Yang Liping, a well-known dancer in China, is the most-followed topic at the gala's official weibo account, drawing over 3,500 comments.The audience was also impressed by a piano duet played by Li Yundi, first prize winner of the the 14th Frederic Chopin international piano competition, and Leehom Wang, a Chinese-American pop singer-songwriter.Moreover, about 59 percent of the online poll respondents said the stage design was quite cool."There are really many improvements in the gala, but it is absolutely difficult to please everyone," wrote weibo user "Wawamiaowaiwai."Unlike their elder generation, the young generation in China has more diversified options for entertainment, and it is of great challenge to attract them at the Spring Festival celebration, said Xia Xueluan, a professor of sociology with Peking University.

来源：资阳报