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BEIJING, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- As of Jan. 28, 77.4 million mu (5.16 million acres) of crops had been harmed by the ongoing drought, and 2.57 million people were faced with drinking water shortages in China, the national drought control authorities said Sunday.Local governments of the affected regions must make efforts to monitor drought conditions, speed up the building of water projects, increase drought-fighting material reserves and grant subsidies to the drought-stricken population, said officials at a meeting attended by Chen Lei, deputy head of the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters (SFDH).The National Meteorological Center (NMC) forecast the drought to worsen in the next two months, saying Sunday that the drought-hit north China and regions along the Yellow and Huaihe rivers would receive little rain or snow in February and March.Chen, also minister of water resources, stressed the importance of drought relief efforts, guaranteeing agricultural production and ensuring drinking water safety for boosting consumers' confidence, controlling consumer prices and inflation and maintaining economic growth.Since last Autumn when the drought began, local authorities have assigned 9.55 million people and 2.15 million sets of drought-fighting machineries to draw 8.2 billion cubic meters of water to irrigate 110 million mu of crop land.

WASHINGTON, May 17 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Tuesday that the international Aquarius/SAC-D observatory will be launched on June 9, to study interactions between ocean circulation, the water cycle and climate by measuring ocean surface salinity.Engineers at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California are performing final tests before mating the satellite to its Delta II rocket. The mission is a collaboration between NASA and Argentina' s space agency, with participation from Brazil, Canada, France and Italy.In addition to Aquarius, the primary instrument, the observatory carries seven other instruments that will collect environmental data for a wide range of applications, including studies of natural hazards, air quality, land processes and epidemiology.The mission will make NASA's first space observations of the concentration of dissolved salt at the ocean surface. Aquarius' observations will reveal how salinity variations influence ocean circulation, trace the path of freshwater around our planet, and help drive Earth's climate. The ocean surface constantly exchanges water and heat with Earth's atmosphere. Approximately 80 percent of the global water cycle that moves freshwater from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean happens over the ocean.Salinity plays a key role in these exchanges. By tracking changes in ocean surface salinity, Aquarius will monitor variations in the water cycle caused by evaporation and precipitation over the ocean, river runoff, the freezing and melting of sea ice. Salinity also makes seawater denser, causing it to sink, where it becomes part of deep, interconnected ocean currents. This deep ocean "conveyor belt" moves water masses and heat from the tropics to the polar regions, helping to regulate Earth's climate."Salinity is the glue that bonds two major components of Earth' s complex climate system: ocean circulation and the global water cycle," said Aquarius Principal Investigator Gary Lagerloef of Earth & Space Research in Seattle in a statement. "Aquarius will map global variations in salinity in unprecedented detail, leading to new discoveries that will improve our ability to predict future climate."Aquarius will measure salinity by sensing microwave emissions from the water's surface with a radiometer instrument. These emissions can be used to indicate the saltiness of the surface water, after accounting for other environmental factors. Salinity levels in the open ocean vary by only about five parts per thousand, and small changes are important. Aquarius uses advanced technologies to detect changes in salinity as small as about two parts per 10,000, equivalent to a pinch (about one-eighth of a teaspoon) of salt in a gallon of water.Aquarius will map the entire open ocean every seven days for at least three years from 408 miles (657 kilometers) above Earth. Its measurements will produce monthly estimates of ocean surface salinity with a spatial resolution of 93 miles (150 kilometers). The data will reveal how salinity changes over time and from one part of the ocean to another.

CAIRO, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- The first training session for Egyptian Chinese language teachers to improve their teaching ability started on Sunday in Cairo.The session, under the supervision of the Chinese Confucius institute, will concentrate on the exchange of experiences in teaching the Chinese language in Egypt and the enhancement of Egyptian teachers' ability to make better use of the textbooks.The three-day training session will contain language and cultural courses by professors and instructors from famous Chinese universities such as Beijing University and Beijing Foreign Studies University, said Li Shengjun, head of the Confucius Institute at Cairo University.Nearly 60 Egyptian Chinese language teachers, including 14 professors, from universities including Cairo University, Ain Shams University and Minya University will attend the training courses.China has established 691 Confucius institutes and classes in around 69 countries until 2010, including nine in the Arab countries.

BEIJING, Feb. 17 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee on Thursday night hosted a gala to celebrate the traditional Lantern Festival.Chinese President and General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Hu Jintao and eight other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee attended the event, along with representatives from Beijing's intellectual circle.The eight CPC leaders included Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang.The gala was presided over by Li Changchun, who extended warm regards to the participants on behalf of the CPC Central Committee.Mentioning 2010 as an extraordinary year for China's development, Li said the CPC Central Committee, with Hu Jintao as the General Secretary, led the Party and nation to successfully host the Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games.

BEIJING, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- China's meteorological authority said Saturday that a cold snap would sweep north China over the next few days, bringing down temperatures and carrying gusty winds.Temperatures in some parts of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and northeast China will drop 4 to 6 degrees Celsius over the weekend, the National Meteorological Center (NMC) said in a statement on its website.In most areas north to the Huaihe River, the temperatures will go down 4 to 6 degrees Celsius, or even 8 to 10 degrees Celsius in some parts of the areas between Monday and Tuesday.The cold front would then move southward to affect more areas in the eastern and southern parts of the country.The NMC said some areas in northern and western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, Sichuan Basin and most of the northeast China, the western parts of the areas south to the Yangtze River will see light to moderate snow or sleet in the forthcoming three days.Fog continued to shroud south China Saturday, reducing visibility to less than 200 meters in parts of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Fujian provinces, as well as Chongqing City.