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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It’s a term we’ve heard a lot during the pandemic: emergency use authorization.From ventilators to diagnostic tests to experimental drugs like remdesivir, the Food and Drug Administration has issued at least 616 emergency use authorizations, or EUAs, since the pandemic began.“That’s such a powerful term: emergency use authorization,” said President Donald Trump on Aug. 23 when announcing an EUA for convalescent plasma.Top officials at the FDA are now floating the idea of using an EUA to speed up distribution of a vaccine against COVID-19, writing that it “may be appropriate” under certain circumstances. Critics contend it would be a dangerous move.The mechanism was put into law back in 2004, and EUAs have been used in several health emergencies since, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.An EUA allows the FDA to temporarily authorize a drug or device for use during an emergency under certain conditions. There must be no formally approved alternatives to the product, and the available evidence must suggest the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks.“Because in some emergencies, we just cannot wait for all the evidence needed for full FDA approval,” the agency says in a video explaining the rationale for an EUA.While EUAs are relatively common for diagnostic tests and experimental drugs, there has only been one EUA issued for a vaccine. In 2005, the FDA authorized a vaccine intended to protect U.S. soldiers from an anthrax chemical attack. It was the first time the FDA ever used the EUA process. In that case, the product, Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed, had been formally licensed in 1970 as safe and effective against anthrax on the skin, but was not formally approved to counteract inhaled anthrax.In a letter to pharmaceutical companies, the FDA said it “may be appropriate” to issue an EUA for a COVID-19 vaccine “once studies have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness” of the product, but before other steps in the traditional submission process, like detailed information on how the vaccine was made and tested.“It is extremely rigorous,” Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego said of the typical FDA approval process. “People have to submit thousands of pages of documents. They have to open their books, essentially, and show all of the detail on how these things have been tested.”An EUA could allow for the release of a vaccine before the election, something President Trump has suggested but other members of his administration have said is unlikely.The prospect of an EUA for a vaccine alarms consumer advocates like Dr. Sidney Wolfe of Public Citizen, who sent a letter to the agency urging it to avoid the expedited process.“The amount of information on how effective it is, the amount of information on how safe it is is less than would be required for full approval,” Wolfe said. “And full approval could arguably come in three or four months.”Wolfe thinks an EUA could backfire.“The loss of confidence by people will contribute to a much decreased willingness to be vaccinated,” he said, citing a survey during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic that showed people were reluctant to volunteer for inoculation if the vaccine only had emergency authorization.Critics say there’s already shaky public confidence after reports of political pressure from the president in the EUAs for convalescent plasma and for hydroxychloroquine.In the latter case, the FDA revoked the EUA for the anti-malaria drug June 15 after more studies showed it wasn’t effective and could have serious side effects.Dr. Ramers at Family Health Centers of San Diego says there is a big ethical difference between authorizing an experimental drug with limited data and authorizing a vaccine.Fundamentally, doctors give drugs to patients who are already sick, and they're more willing to try something untested in a last-ditch effort. “In somebody who has been through two or three or four rounds of [chemotherapy] and nothing has worked, the risks and benefits are tilted in a different way,” he said.“But a vaccine is a really special situation because we’re giving it to healthy people. We’re giving it to the general population before they become ill. So historically, the safety threshold for a vaccine has been way, way, way higher,” Ramers added. 4302

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- It's a problem on the rise in communities across San Diego; drivers racing down side streets to avoid rush hour traffic. When Doug Doyen saw speeding on his street, he tried to stop it. "It was almost like the Indy 500 I couldn't believe the speed, the amount of traffic and speed up and down this street," said Doyen.He put up his own signs to get drivers to slow down. "Hold the sign out, wave at them, people would be like, 'what the? Oh okay."' said Doyen. "And they'd look at me like, 'who is this guy?'" But the speeding is still a problem. He thinks GPS apps are directing drivers to his side street to avoid freeway traffic. "I couldn't believe the traffic and the speeds I was seeing out here," he said. Neighbors joined San Diego Police to form a Pace Car Program. The citizen-based campaign adds more signs and traffic patrols in the neighborhood.  937

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Looking for a summer job? The City of San Diego is hoping to fill 46 positions at city pools. According to the city, all 46 lifeguard and pool management positions are available at 13 different facilities. Anyone interested has to attend an initial tryout to assess basic swimming skills and qualify to enroll in the city’s lifeguard training program. RELATED: State offers money to help boost college savings accounts Tryouts are being held Tuesday, March 19 and Thursday, March 21, 2019, at the Tierrasanta Pool from 5 – 7 p.m. and Tuesday, March 26, 2019 at Vista Terrace Pool in San Ysidro from 9 – 10 a.m.Those who pass will need to attend a week-long lifeguard training program. The course teaches safety, first aid and lifesaving procedures. The program costs 1 and scholarships are available, the city says. Participants who graduate the program will receive American Red Cross Lifeguard Training and Title 22 First Air certifications and will qualify to work as a lifeguard at city pools. RELATED: Dual enrollment helping students cut tuition costs“With summer fast approaching, it is important City pool facilities are fully staffed to ensure the public has access to safe swimming and recreational opportunities,” said Don Crockett, District Manager for the City of San Diego Aquatics Division. “Filling these lifeguard and pool manager positions will also allow the City to offer more swimming programs for children and adults including water aerobics, infant swimming and drowning prevention classes.”Anyone interested in participating in the tryouts will need to sign up first. For more information on the program, click here. 1672

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In a scientific 10News/Union-Tribune poll, more than half of respondents said they supported California's Proposition 13.At least 51 percent of 907 respondents said they intend to vote "yes" for the proposition. Another 32 percent said they plan to vote "no," and 17 percent were not sure how they would vote yet. If passed, Proposition 13 would authorize the state to issue billion in bonds for repairs, construction, and modernization at public preschools, K-12 schools, community colleges, and universities.RELATED: Everything you need to know about Proposition 13Under the bond, billion would be used for preschool and K-12 schools, billion will go to universities, and billion will be used for community colleges.In total, the California Legislative Analyst says the state would pay billion in total, after billion in interest, over 35 years. The analysis also shows the proposition could cost taxpayers an additional 0 million per year for 35 years.Here's how those bonds would fund California education: billion for preschool and K-12.8 billion for new construction of school facilities.2 billion for modernization of school facilities0 million for providing school facilities to charter schools0 million for facilities for career and technical education programs billion for universities billion for capital outlay financing needs of the California State Universities billion for capital outlay financing needs of the University of California and Hastings College of LawCommunity colleges billion billion for capital outlay financing needs of community colleges 1643

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — If you've noticed the sharp increase in gas prices around San Diego lately, chances are we're not done.The average price for a gallon of gas Saturday was .77 in San Diego, according to AAA, jumping another four cents since Friday and reaching the highest San Diego has seen in about five months.At this time last month, San Diegans were paying on average 46 cents less per gallon. A year ago, 23 cents less. The closest San Diego's average has come in recent months to was .84 on average in Oct. 2018, according to Gas Buddy.GAS MAP: Search for the cheapest gallon in San Diego with our Gas Map"Four dollars a gallon on average is certainly within the realm of possibility given today's average is .73 and wholesale prices went up some 18 cents," Patrick HeHaan, with GasBuddy, told 10News. "That, in addition to the increases that are already coming down the pipeline, will likely thrust San Diego to that a gallon mark. That's something we have not seen in four, call it five years."AAA says a series of refinery issues have reduced gas supplies. According to Bloomberg, Valero Energy Corp's refinery in the Bay Area, Phillips 66 refinery in Los Angeles, and Chevron Corp.'s El Segundo plants have all seen shut downs and halts in oil production this month due to various problems.Nationally, gas has been averaging .73 a gallon. California's average was at .74 on Saturday, AAA reports.San Diego's recorded its highest average price on Oct. 8, 2012, when an average gallon cost .72. 1530