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WASHINGTON, May 30 (Xinhua) -- After nearly 12 days together in orbit, U.S. space shuttle Endeavour undocked from the International Space Station on Sunday night, NASA announced on Monday.According to NASA, the undocking took place at 11:55 p.m. EDT ( 0355 GMT Monday) as the spacecraft sailed 215 miles (346 km) above Bolivia.Pilot Greg Johnson, at the aft flight deck controls, flew Endeavour in a circle around the station at distances of about 450 to 650 feet. Crew members took still and video images of the station.The Space Shuttle Endeavour is seen as it departs the International Space Station after undocking in this image from NASA TV May 29, 2011.As Johnson was about to begin the flyaround, Commander Mark Kelly radioed mission control that he could see the two-billion-U. S.-dollar Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) particle physics detector Endeavour had brought to orbit. "It's a new day for science on the space station," he said to mission control.The AMS will be left at the space station to scour the universe for clues about dark matter and antimatter. Endeavour is scheduled to land at the Kennedy Space Center at 2:35 a.m. (0635 GMT) on Wednesday.During their stay at the space station, the Endeavour crew conducted four spacewalks to complete construction of the U.S. side of the 100-billion-dollar outpost, a project of 16 nations that has been being assembled in orbit since 1998.They also brought up a logistics carrier with spare parts and performed some maintenance and installation work during the four spacewalks, the last to be carried out by an American shuttle crew.NASA plans to decommission Endeavour, its youngest shuttle with 25 voyages, and send it to a museum in Los Angeles for display.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.When the U.S. space shuttle program officially ends later this year, the Russian space program's Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the space station.

MOSCOW, Aug. 26 (Xinhua) -- Russia will carry out two unmanned test launches of Soyuz carrier rockets in the coming fall before delivering crews to the International Space Station (ISS), local media reported on Friday.Citing a source, RIA Novosti news agency said that one of the Soyuz rockets was scheduled to send a new Progress M-13M space freighter to the ISS.On Wednesday, a Progress M-12M cargo ship failed to reach the orbit after the engine of a Soyuz-U carrier rocket turned off during the ascend. Soon after the accident, Russia announced it will temporarily ground all Soyuz rockets.Due to the accident, Russian space authorities have put off Thursday's launch of a Soyuz-2 carrier rocket from the Plesetsk Space Center in northern Russia and a launch of a manned space ship from Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.After the retirement of the U.S. shuttle fleet, Russia's Soyuz spacecrafts have become the only way for astronauts to reach the ISS until at least the middle of the decade.

LOS ANGELES, July 18 (Xinhua) -- The spacecraft Dawn of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has returned the first close-up image of the giant asteroid Vesta after entering its orbit for the first time last week, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) announced on Monday.The image taken for navigation purposes shows Vesta in greater detail than ever before, said JPL in Pasadena, California.On July 15, Dawn became the first probe to enter orbit around an object in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.When Vesta captured Dawn into its orbit, there were approximately 9,900 miles (about 16,000 kilometers) between the spacecraft and the asteroid.Vesta is 330 miles (about 530 kilometers) in diameter and the second most massive object in the asteroid belt.NASA's Dawn spacecraft obtained this image with its framing camera on July 17, 2011. It was taken from a distance of about 9,500 miles (15,000 kilometers) away from the protoplanet Vesta. Each pixel in the image corresponds to roughly 0.88 miles (1.4 kilometers). Ground- and space-based telescopes have obtained images of Vesta for about two centuries, but they have not been able to see much detail on its surface."We are beginning the study of arguably the oldest extant primordial surface in the solar system," said Dawn principal investigator Christopher Russell from the University of California, Los Angeles, which is responsible for Dawn's mission science. " This region of space has been ignored for far too long. So far, the images received to date reveal a complex surface that seems to have preserved some of the earliest events in Vesta's history, as well as logging the onslaught that Vesta has suffered in the intervening eons."Vesta is thought to be the source of a large number of meteorites that fall to Earth. Vesta and its new NASA neighbor, Dawn, are currently approximately 117 million miles (about 188 million kilometers) away from Earth. The Dawn team will begin gathering science data in August.Observations will provide unprecedented data to help scientists understand the earliest chapter of the solar system and pave the way for future human space missions, according to JPL."Dawn slipped gently into orbit with the same grace it has displayed during its years of ion thrusting through interplanetary space," said Marc Rayman, Dawn chief engineer and mission manager at NASA's JPL. "It is fantastically exciting that we will begin providing humankind its first detailed views of one of the last unexplored worlds in the inner solar system."Although orbit capture is complete, the approach phase will continue for about three weeks. During approach, the Dawn team will continue a search for possible moons around the asteroid; obtain more images for navigation; observe Vesta's physical properties; and obtain calibration data.In addition, navigators will measure the strength of Vesta's gravitational tug on the spacecraft to compute the asteroid's mass with much greater accuracy than has been previously available, according to JPL.Dawn will spend one year orbiting Vesta, then travel to a second destination, the dwarf planet Ceres, arriving in February 2015. The mission to Vesta and Ceres is managed by JPL for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.Dawn is a project of the directorate's Discovery Program, which is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alaska.

BEIJING, Sept. 6 (Xinhuanet) -- NASA will launch on Thursday twin lunar orbiters built to map the gravity of Earth's moon in unprecedented detail, media reported Tuesday.The twin lunar probes, Graili-A and Graili-B, will blast off from Florida's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at 8:37 a.m. EDT and at 9:16 a.m. EDT respectively Thursday, according to NASA.The Grail twins will travel three to four months to get to the moon under a slower but more economical plan.Artist concept of GRAIL mission. Grail will fly twin spacecraft in tandem orbits around the moon for several months to measure its gravity field in unprecedented detail.The two spacecrafts will reach the moon around New Year's Day when they will begin to probe the moon's composition from the crust to the core, according to NASA.The data collected by the probes will be used to better understand the moon's evolution and formation, NASA scientists said.Researchers will also use the twin probes to pinpoint the best landing sites for future explorations.The mission, from start to finish, costs 496 million U.S. dollars. The two Grail probes will crash into the moon after its mission.

WASHINGTON, July 8 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama on Friday hailed space shuttle Atlantis' final flight in NASA's shuttle program, saying Americans across the country watched with pride as America reached for the heavens once more.Obama expressed his "sincere gratitude" to Atlantis astronauts and space workers because they "helped our country lead the space age.""Today's launch may mark the final flight of the space shuttle, " Obama said in a statement. "But it propels us into the next era of our never-ending adventure to push the very frontiers of exploration and discovery in space."Friday's flight is the 33rd voyage for Atlantis. Its return to the earth later this month will mark the end of the 30-year shuttle program."What a truly awesome day today," said NASA Associate Administrator for Space Operations Bill Gerstenmaier at the STS- 135 postlaunch news conference. "What you saw is the finest launch team and shuttle preparation teams in the world.""It truly was an awesome, spectacular launch," added Kennedy Space Center Director Bob Cabana, who looked ahead to plans for future development beyond the shuttle program as space station operations continue.Atlantis will be the last shuttle to be retired. Discovery was first in March, followed by Endeavour at the beginning of June. Each shuttle will head to a museum.When the U.S. space shuttle program officially ends later this year, the Russian space program's Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the station.