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Researchers around the world are trying to learn as much as possible about COVID-19, while reaching for a vaccine, cure or other treatment. Some recent studies are looking at vaccines we already have in our arsenal."It has been known for years that some vaccines can offer protection against diseases that they're not targeting against. Probably the best example is the BCG vaccine, which is used to try to prevent tuberculosis. It can prevent people from acquiring malaria," said Andrew Badley, the Chair of the Mayo Clinic COVID Research Task Force.Researchers have come up with theories as to why one vaccine would also protect against an entirely unrelated virus. Badley says the best theory is called immune training – that is your body, in preparing to defend itself from one disease, unintentionally protects it from another."So, with that as our basis and understanding, we did a similar analysis here with our Mayo Clinic data. What we did is we compared the rates of test positivity for COVID between those who've had vaccines and those who haven't had vaccines and stratified that according to vaccine type," explained Badley.What they found was that specifically, the MMR vaccines--which protects against measles mumps and rubella, as well as the flu vaccine and several others--had a protective effect against getting COVID-19. As for further implications for what this research could mean when it comes to COVID-19, Badley said, "certainly there will be numerous studies looking at all of the things we've talked about in the future, including the immune response."Some further research on the MMR vaccine and COVID-19 has prompted hypotheses that the reason many children aren't more susceptible to COVID-19 is because they've had their vaccines more recently than adults. The Mayo Clinic says there's no definitive answer as to whether that's true.Dr. Roy Benaroch, a pediatrician in the Atlanta, Georgia area, says the key takeaway from this research is that children and adults should be sure they're up to date on all recommended vaccinations."Certainly, it's true that vaccines overall will help protect children, will help keep them healthy. We’re also hopeful that vaccines that prevent things like influenza and pneumonia can also contribute to helping us get through this COVID crisis because some kids get secondary infections when they get COVID-19," said Dr. Benaroch.The Mayo Clinic agrees, saying people should remain vigilant when it comes to maintaining their health."Should you rush out and get extra vaccines? No, not at all. You should rush out and see your healthcare provider and update your health maintenance and if that means you are not updated on your flu or MMR, you should get it," said Badley.Experts agree that vaccines are a great way to help your body fight off diseases during this time."This exciting new research and new angle is looking at sort of a non-specific effect of some vaccines, that they seem to prevent some viral infections that aren’t even included in the vaccine. It's kind of an extra boost to your immune system that seems to occur with at least some vaccines that are on the current schedule," said Dr. Benaroch."We have every reason to expect that if you get influenza, you’re more likely to get COVID and you’re more likely to have a serious outcome if you do get COVID. So, that in addition to what we’ve just talked about, together suggests that everyone should get their flu vaccine this fall, as well as their regularly scheduled vaccines," said Badley.The next steps in the Mayo Clinic's research include looking in greater detail at the immune response and epidemiology of the MMR and influenza vaccines and how they could possibly protect against the novel coronavirus. 3754

Restaurant servers dodged a bullet this week with a provision tucked into the .3 trillion federal spending bill.Late last year, the Department of Labor proposed a rule?that would have authorized restaurants to share tips between servers and cooks. That would allow employers to keep some tip money for themselves, as long as each worker made at least the full federal minimum wage of .25 an hour.Workers' rights groups argued the rule change would lower the pay of those who work at restaurants, hotels and bars. Opponents of the rule held splashy public protests. The Labor Department received more than 218,000 mostly negative comments on the proposal.It appeared to have worked. The spending bill, which President Donald Trump signed into law on Friday, includes a section that makes it clear that employers may not pocket any portion of tips that diners leave for workers."We beat them," said Saru Jayaraman, president of the nonprofit Restaurant Opportunities Center. "I think they realized how outrageous what they were proposing sounded to the public, and basically they backed down."Representatives for the restaurant industry, however, are also pleased.The National Restaurant Association said it never asked for employers to be allowed to keep tips in the first place. Angelo Amador, senior VP at the trade group, argued that most employers wouldn't skim tips even if they were allowed to."A decision by a restaurant to retain some or all of the customer tips rather than distributing them to the hourly staff would be unpopular with employees and guests alike, and it could severely damage the public's perception of the restaurant," Amador wrote in his comment on the proposed rule.The left-leaning Economic Policy Institute disagreed, saying that many employers take a portion of tips even in places where it's forbidden, and would do so even more often if it were legal. In a recent report, it estimated that servers would lose some .8 billion in tips annually to their employers.The language in the spending bill also effectively does another big thing: It allows employers to pool tips and distribute them among staff, as long as the employer also pays the full minimum wage. Many owners have long sought to boost the pay of kitchen workers and bussers by forcing servers to share their tips."We want to ensure that servers, bussers, dishwashers, cooks, and others who work as a team to provide great customer service in the industry have access to share in tips left by customers, as this legislation clearly allows," said Amador.That's fine with labor advocates at the National Employment Law Project, who say that pooling tips is a good way to create wage equity, as long workers are paid the full minimum wage and tips aren't shared with managers or any other supervisors. "We enthusiastically support this compromise," said Judy Conti, the group's director of federal affairs.Going forward, however, there may be less agreement between workers' rights advocates and the National Restaurant Association.Currently, the federal minimum wage for workers who get tips is .13 an hour. Seven states have done away with the two tiers and made the minimum for tipped workers the same as it is for employees who earn regular wages.Many cities and states have already raised their overall minimum wages, as the federal level has remained unchanged since 2009. The question of eliminating lower tipped minimum wages will be on the ballot this year in Washington, D.C., and Michigan and New York is considering the proposal.All of these efforts have generally come over the objections of the restaurant industry, which argues that the economy and nature of the jobs have changed."The minimum wage, with all due respect, is a 1938 income support system for a workforce that worked in manufacturing and agriculture," said Cicely Simpson, executive vice president for public affairs at the National Restaurant Association, at a panel discussion?last month. "In our workforce, we have people who drive an Uber during the day and work in restaurants at night. They have no desire to spend their entire career in an entire industry."Simpson later softened her stance and said that the National Restaurant Association would like to see policies such as the minimum wage and overtime thresholds be "updated," not trashed entirely. 4411

Ray Chavez, the nation's oldest survivor of the attack on Pearl Harbor, has died, the White House says. He was 106.The veteran passed away peacefully in his sleep Wednesday, CNN affiliate KFMB reported, citing a family statement.Chavez was a quartermaster stationed in Pearl Harbor at the time of the Japanese attack on Hawaii that launched America's entry into World War II in 1941.He lived in Poway, California, with his family but gained prominence in recent years as he traveled around the country, attending memorial services and commemorations. Earlier this year, he met with President Donald Trump in the Oval Office ahead of Memorial Day."Ray was honored to have served his country and to fight among heroes and loved meeting his fellow comrades," his family said in a statement. "He cherished his time going to talk to the kids at schools because he doesn't want them to forget Pearl Harbor."As his health declined in recent months, he wished to be buried at the Miramar National Cemetery, the San Diego Union-Tribune reported. 1044

PUTNAM COUNTY, Fla. – Florida has recorded its youngest death from COVID-19, a 9-year-old girl.Kimora Lynum died last Saturday in Putnam County, a community located between Jacksonville and Orlando.Her family says Kimmie had no underlying health conditions when she developed a very high fever.Relatives say Kimmie was taken to the hospital for treatment, but was sent home. The child collapsed a short time later and died after her heart failed.Her family has no idea how or where Kimmie contracted coronavirus. Her grief-stricken mother says the child was healthy, stayed home all summer and she had no contact with anyone who had COVID-19.The 9-year-old is the fifth child in Florida to die from the virus. More than 400,000 cases of coronavirus have been confirmed in the state, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University. 840

Prosecutors accused former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort of being a "shrewd" liar who orchestrated a global scheme to avoid paying taxes on millions of dollars as Manafort's trial kicked off on Tuesday.Manafort lived an "extravagant lifestyle" fueled by millions of dollars in "secret income" that he earned from his lobbying in Ukraine, said Uzo Asonye, a prosecutor working on the case with special counsel Robert Mueller's team, in his opening statement."All of these charges boil down to one simple issue: that Paul Manafort lied," Asonye said. 564