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WASHINGTON, April 6 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have discovered two genes in which variation affects intake of caffeine, the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, according to a report described Wednesday in the open-access journal PLoS Genetics.A team of investigators from the National Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill examined genetic variation across the entire genome of more than 47,000 individuals from the U.S.They found the genes -- CYP1A2, which has previously been implicated in the metabolism of caffeine, and AHR, involved in the regulation of CYP1A2, played roles in regulating intake of caffeine. Individuals with the highest-consumption genotype for either gene consumed 40 mg more caffeine than those with the lowest-consumption genotype, equivalent to the amount of one-third cup of caffeinated coffee, or one can of cola.Caffeine is implicated in numerous physiological and medical conditions; it affects sleep patterns, energy levels, mood, and mental and physical performance. The identification of genes that have an impact on daily consumption offers opportunities to better understand these conditions. Further exploration of the identified genetic variants may provide insight into the speed of caffeine metabolism, how long caffeine circulates in the blood, or how strong the physiological effects of consuming a given amount of caffeine are.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), China's top political advisory body, opened its door to 43 correspondents from 33 overseas media outlets on Wednesday, 10 days ahead of its upcoming annual session.It was the first time that the top political advisory body invited a group of overseas journalists, including those from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, to tour its work place, which used to be the site of an imperial compound 100 years ago.The media tour was hailed by Zhao Qizheng, head of the CPPCC's Committee of Foreign Affairs, as a move that reflects the "enhanced openness" of the CPPCC.During the tour, resident reporters from countries and regions such as the United States, Russia, Germany and Japan visited the CPPCC auditorium and a gallery that exhibits the agency's history and its role in Chinese political life through numerous pictures and relics.Located in downtown Beijing, the CPPCC was established on September 21, 1949. It is a patriotic united front organization for Chinese people and serves as a key mechanism for multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC).The main functions of the CPPCC are to conduct political consultations, exercise democratic supervision and participate in the discussion and the handling of state affairs. Reporters raised many questions during the visit.Watanabe Yasuhito, a staff correspondent for the Kyodo News China General Bureau, has been working in China for four years. "As Japan doesn't have similar institutions like the CPPCC, the Japanese generally have little idea of it," he said. "I now have a more direct idea of the system by actually walking into the CPPCC."He told Xinhua that Kyodo News would send eight reporters to the upcoming two annual sessions of China's National People's Congress (NPC), its national legislature and the CPPCC, as many Japanese pay close attention to the major political events in China.He said the 12th Five-Year Program and hot economic issues are among their key concerns. At a one-hour seminar held during the tour, five reporters put forward nearly 10 questions to Zhao Qizheng.Ananth Krishnan, the China correspondent of the Hindu, India's national newspaper, has covered the "two sessions" several times. "I think the next five year plan will be one of the most important issues," he said."We will be interested to see whether there are any new policies in terms of China addressing environmental challenges," he said.He added that he focused on China's reform for the household registration system at the sessions last year so that he could see how China addressed the gap between urban and rural areas."There are similar developmental challenges between India and China since we are both large developing countries with more poverty in rural populations. So we are interested to see how China is addressing the challenges," he said.With the application still going on, overseas reporters who are to cover this year's annual CPPCC session are expected to exceed 1,100, similar to the figure last year, said Zhang Jing'an, head of the Bureau of News Service of the CPPCC's National Committee.Zhang said that besides the three news conferences in the Great Hall of People, five press conferences are devoted to issues such as China's urbanization, scientific innovation, culture and education. Conferences will also be arranged in the news center following annual sessions.Also, the number of panel discussions that were open to the media increased from more than 30 in 2007 to 122 in 2010, Zhang said.Zhao Qizheng told overseas reporters that "the CPPCC will continue to enhance openness during the upcoming session and welcome reporters from both here and abroad to cover the session."China's two annual sessions, the fourth session of the National Committee of the 11th CPPCC and the fourth session of the 11th NPC, will open on March 3 and March 5, respectively.

BEIJING, Feb. 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan on Sunday called for sound and fast development of the nation's tourism industry as he called it a strategic pillar of the national economy.The tourism industry has huge potential, which needs further opening up, reform and innovation. Market should play a fundamental role in allocating the resources, Wang told a meeting of tourism work.He stressed the diversified needs of customers should be met, and the market order should be standardized to protect customer's legitimate rights."Local authorities should work together to make tourism a strategic pillar industry," he said.Wang also noted tour guide forces play a very important role in the industry development.More training should be arranged in the areas of professional skills and ethics, as well as response to emergencies.The wage and social security system of the work force should also be improved, he said.

Google chairman Eric Schmidt has promised that the firm will simplify the process by which Android phone users agree to share their data.It follows questions in the US Senate about how much location information is stored by mobile handsets.Speaking in the UK at a conference on privacy, he also revealed that Google plans to offer web users more control over their online profile.Mr Schmidt insisted that the company took the matter "very seriously".He told attendees at the Big Tent debate in Hertfordshire that his firm was working on "a series of projects" aimed at increasing transparency.Those include a revised Google Dashboard, where users can see what data they have shared with the search giant."It is worth stressing that we can only do this with data you have shared with Google. We can't be a vacuum-cleaner for the whole internet," he said.Mr Schmidt stressed that Google was on the side of consumers when it came to privacy. "In general we take the position that you own your data and should be able to opt in or out of a service," he said.But he added that if users gave consent for sharing data, it would help Google improve its services."If you choose to give us that information we can do a better job. If we know a little bit more about you we can offer better targeted search," he explained.Super injunctions revealed A recent hearing in the US Senate quizzed Google on the amount of data stored on Android handsets. The company argued that it allows people to opt out of location-based services.But Mr Schmidt conceded that the terms and conditions whereby users sign up to services needs to be simplified. "We intent to do that," he said.He predicted that such services would be more heavily regulated in the future.During a lively debate on the issue of privacy, it was revealed to the Big Tent audience, alongside several names of current super-injunction holders, that more data has been collected in the last seven years than in the whole of previous human history.

LONDON, March 15 (Xinhua) -- The moon would be in a "super position" on Saturday, which makes it a "supermoon" and the web is awash with myths about its implications such as connection to recent earthquakes, but that's not the case according to British experts.Technically the so-called "supermoon" means that the moon would be in its perigee, the closest point to earth in its orbit on March 19, and on top of that, it would also be a full moon at the same time.The massive earthquake in Japan just fueled the speculation that the gravitational pull of the "supermoon" will bring chaos to the Earth, such as earthquakes and volcanic activities.But "there is little that is special about perigee on March 19," said Dr. Robert Massey, deputy executive secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society. He said the moon will be around 360,000 km from the earth on that day, but this has happened at least 15 times during the last 400 years."There is no reason whatsoever to believe that there is a connection between the so-called 'supermoon' and the recent earthquake," Massey told Xinhua. "There are also no other 'abnormal' phenomena connected with a 'supermoon' other than the high tides that we experience twice every month."Massey was echoed by Dr. Bruce Malamud, a geophysicist in the Department of Geography at King's College London, who that: "A supermoon will not be able to actually influence at all the internal workings of our Planet Earth, as there is so much momentum and mass already stored up, that the actual effect is negligible.""The earthquake took place a full 8 days before the 'supermoon' meaning that the tidal forces exerted by the moon and sun together were near their minimum rather than maximum level, directly contradicting the fearmongers," said Massey.Calling the "supermoon" claims "bogus science," he questioned the motives of those who made such claims on the day that thousands of people died in a severe earthquake and the ensuing tsunami.

来源：资阳报