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The forensic pathology industry is facing a workforce shortage. These are the men and women who determine how and why a death happens. They are being overwhelmed, and the pandemic has only made things worse.“What you’re seeing now is part of our autopsy examination room,” said Francisco Diaz as he walked around the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Washington D.C. He is the deputy chief medical examiner.“The purpose of the medical examiner is to do two things, to determine why people die and to classify the manor of death,” he said.Diaz and his team have their hands full. Here, bodies are brought in, x-rayed, and analyzed every day. Most of them are bodies of those who have died of unnatural causes, like homicide, suicide, and certain accidents.They’re brought here, where seven forensic pathologists work.“As medical examiners and forensic pathologists you are dealing with death and tragedy every single day,” he said.This year the volume has been higher than usual, in large part because of the COVID-19 outbreak. “The peak of our pandemic was April, May. At that time we had that emergency morgue off campus,” Diaz explained. “We handled approximately 400 descendants or dead bodies.”The increase in autopsies needed is not only due to COVID-19 directly, but other ripple effects.“What I see as a consequence of the pandemic is a lot of people are dying at home because they choose not to seek medical attention because they may have concerns that they may get contaminated at hospitals,” Diaz said.If they die at home, they’re sent straight to D.C.’s Medical Examiner’s Office. Most people who die in a hospital are handled by the hospital, except for in certain jurisdictions like D.C. where they will help out with the hospital's cases as well.Regardless of where the cases are coming from, jurisdictions are strapped for resources. It’s a problem across the industry right now -- one that’s been facing a workforce shortage for years.“A lot of the policy makers think that it's a waste of money. You're just spending money on the dead, but everything we do is for the living,” said Victor Weedn, Forensic Science Professor at George Washington University. He’s an expert in the forensic pathology industry.“We are terribly undermanned, under served these days. It is thought we have 500 to 600 board certified forensic pathologists working in the field across the United States and that's simply not enough. It’s estimated we really ought to have 1,200 to 1,500 forensic pathologists.”The lack of workers has become more evident due to the pandemic, and also a growing epidemic. “And then the opioid crisis hit. That immediately caused 10% to 30% more cases because of all the overdose deaths,” Weedn said. “On top of that you have the COVID pandemic. The overdose cases have not declined, in fact they've continued to increase. And now we’re seeing a wave of homicides increasing our caseload still further. We are facing a true workforce shortage.”Weedn also talked about how some of their investigations on COVID-19 patients who passed helped answer some questions we had early on in the pandemic.Increasing a workers caseload is not a great option, according to Weedn. The National Association of Medical Examiners has accreditation standards.“A forensic pathologist really isn't supposed to do more than 250 autopsies a year. If you have more than that it’s considered an infraction of the standard,” he said. “When you start doing more than that, things get lost. Details get lost.”This puts many offices in a bind. “In the face of such a severe workforce shortage you find that people have changed the criteria for what deaths they will investigate and that means there are certain deaths that will go uninvestigated. A murderer could get away with murder. That’s certainly a possibility,” Weedn explained.As the workload remains heavy for many jurisdictions, Diaz said education and exposure for the industry might be their best bet in getting more interest.“I think every crisis brings an opportunity. And I think this is an opportunity for forensic pathology to be on the forefront and let the public at large know what we do, how we do it, and to encourage young people to pursue a career in forensic pathology,” Diaz said. 4266

The Food and Drug Administration’s Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee has endorsed Pfizer’s coronavirus vaccine, in a major step toward an epic vaccination campaign that could finally conquer the outbreak. The group, in a 17-4 vote with one abstention, concluded that the shot appears safe and effective against the coronavirus in people 16 and older.The Food and Drug Administration is expected to follow the recommendation issued Thursday by its expert advisers. A final FDA decision is expected within days. The vaccine had already been authorization by officials in Canada and the UK.An emergency use authorization allows practitioners to administer a vaccine despite it not gaining full FDA approval. The EUA means that the vaccine is allowed to be used in non-clinical settings, which would allow Americans not in a trial or hospital setting to get the vaccine.Millions of shots would then ship to begin vaccinating health care workers and nursing home residents, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will need to formally recommend the vaccine before health care officials can begin distributing the shots.Once it is authorized, it is expected that several million doses of the vaccine will immediately begin being distributed throughout the US to high-risk individuals. The first group of those expected to be inoculated includes health care workers and those who live or work in assisted living facilities.“The FDA recognizes that transparency and dialogue are critical for the public to have confidence in COVID-19 vaccines. I want to assure the American people that the FDA’s process and evaluation of the data for a potential COVID-19 vaccine will be as open and transparent as possible,” said FDA Commissioner Stephen M. Hahn, M.D. “The FDA has been preparing for the review of EUAs for COVID-19 vaccines for several months and stands ready to do so as soon as a EUA request is submitted. While we cannot predict how long the FDA’s review will take, the FDA will review the request as expeditiously as possible, while still doing so in a thorough and science-based manner, so that we can help make available a vaccine that the American people deserve as soon as possible.”Pfizer says that the vaccine is showing a 95% efficacy against coronavirus infection. It is one of two vaccines that could be approved by the FDA in the next few weeks. Moderna also has a vaccine candidate that is showing the efficacy of 95%.“Our work to deliver a safe and effective vaccine has never been more urgent, as we continue to see an alarming rise in the number of cases of COVID-19 globally. Filing in the U.S. represents a critical milestone in our journey to deliver a COVID-19 vaccine to the world and we now have a more complete picture of both the efficacy and safety profile of our vaccine, giving us confidence in its potential,” said Dr. Albert Bourla, Pfizer Chairman and CEO. “We look forward to the upcoming Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee discussion and continue to work closely with the FDA and regulatory authorities worldwide to secure authorization of our vaccine candidate as quickly as possible.”One concern over the Pfizer vaccine is possible side effects on those prone to allergic reactions. The UK’s National Health Service is advising those prone to allergic reactions to not take the Pfizer vaccine as it investigates two health care workers having apparent reactions after receiving the vaccine.Once given authorization, officials will be forced to confront two challenges: Public confidence in the vaccine and distribution. Both the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines are required to be refrigerated until use, complicating distribution methods.Also, polls are showing that a significant number of Americans are hesitant to take the vaccine. Public health experts say getting the vast majority of Americans immunized is important in order to reach herd immunity against the virus and to allow for normalcy to return to the US.In addition to a number of public health experts saying they’ll get the vaccine as a way to instill trust, former Presidents Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama said they would publicly take the vaccine in order to instill faith in the shot.Widespread access to the general public is not expected until the spring. 4342

The Defense Department has temporarily grounded all of its 245 F-35 fighter jets for inspection of a potentially faulty engine part in the wake of last month's crash in South Carolina.Initial data from the ongoing investigation into the September 28 crash indicates a fuel tube may have been faulty. In response, all US military F-35s will be inspected as well as F-35s operated by US allies."If suspect fuel tubes are installed, the part will be removed and replaced. If known good fuel tubes are already installed, then those aircraft will be returned to flight status," the Defense Department said in a statement.Inspections are expected to be completed within the next two days, the statement said, and a defense official told CNN some aircraft have already been returned to flight status.The initial assessment is the faulty tube may be on older models of the aircraft, but all are being inspected. 911

The coronavirus pandemic has been responsible for more police officer deaths in the line of duty than any other cause combined in 2020, according to a non-profit dedicated to fallen police officers.According to the Officer Down Memorial Page, 101 police officers across the country have died after contracting COVID-19 while on the job. Eighty-two other police officers have been killed by other causes in the line of duty in 2020.A second non-profit, the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund (NLEOMF), lists around 110 officer deaths linked to COVID-19.Both Officer Down and NLEOMF only count officers who were known to contract the virus while in the line of duty and review each case before adding it to their count. Officer Down says it is reviewing an additional 150 fatal cases of COVID-19 that may be added to the count in the future."By the end of this pandemic, it is very likely that COVID will surpass 9/11 as the single largest incident cause of death for law enforcement officers," Officer Down executive director Chris Cosgriff told The Washington Post.Officer Down reports that 73 police officers died on Sept. 11, 2001 in the terrorist attacks, and more than 300 have died of cancer linked to recovery efforts in the years since.According to NLEOMF, the state with the most police officer deaths linked to COVID-19 is Texas, where 24 officers have died since the pandemic began. Another 12 police have died after contracting the virus in nearby Louisiana. Officer Down also reports that non-coronavirus related police officer deaths in the line of duty are down in 2020, despite widespread civil unrest. Thirty-one police have died from gunfire this year, the second-leading cause of death among officers in the line of duty. Another four officers have died as a result of "inadvertent" gunfire.President Donald Trump has repeatedly pushed the narrative that police officers across the country are under "assault" by left-wing activists throughout the 2020 presidential campaign.Earlier this year, Trump signed the Safeguarding America's First Responders Act of 2020, which offers federal benefits to the families of police officers killed by COVID-19. 2187

The E.W. Scripps Company is a partner with The Associated Press and has been following guidance from their election desk on 2020 race updates.Early Wednesday morning, the AP called the presidential race in Arizona for Joe Biden. The state is continuing to count ballots, and in the hours since, President Donald Trump has significantly cut into Biden's lead.Thursday afternoon, officials said there were about 450,000 votes still to be counted in the battleground state. As of 12:30 p.m., Biden had a 2.35 percentage point lead over Trump, an advantage of about 68,000 votes.At 9 p.m. ET, a new trove of votes from Maricopa County, the largest county in the state. Trump gained nearly 11,000 votes, cutting Biden's lead to 46,257. AP executive director Sally Buzbee released the following statement regarding its Arizona projection: "The Associated Press continues to watch and analyze vote count results from Arizona as they come in. We will follow the facts in all cases."All election results remain unofficial until each state verifies its election count.Below is the AP's explanation as to how it made the decision to call the state for Biden.The Associated Press has declared Democrat Joe Biden the winner in Arizona, flipping a longtime GOP state that President Donald Trump won in 2016.The AP called the race at 2:50 a.m. EST Wednesday, after an analysis of ballots cast statewide concluded there were not enough outstanding to allow Trump to catch up.With 80% of the expected vote counted, Biden was ahead by 5 percentage points, with a roughly 130,000-vote lead over Trump with about 2.6 million ballots counted. The remaining ballots left to be counted, including mail-in votes in Maricopa County, where Biden performed strongly, were not enough for Trump to catch up to the former vice president.Arizona has a long political history of voting Republican. It's the home state of Barry Goldwater, a five-term, conservative senator who was the Republican nominee for president in 1964. John McCain, the party's 2008 presidential nominee, represented the state in Congress from 1983 until his 2018 death.But changing demographics, including a fast-growing Latino population and a boom of new residents — some fleeing the skyrocketing cost of living in neighboring California — have made the state friendlier to Democrats.Many of the gains have been driven by the shifting politics of Maricopa County, which is home to Phoenix and its suburbs. That's where Biden sealed his victory. Maricopa County accounts for 60% of the state's vote, and Biden ran up huge margins there.In 2016, Trump carried the county by 4 percentage points, which helped propel him to a win. But two years later, Democratic Sen. Kyrsten Sinema flipped a Senate seat from Republican control by winning the county by 5 points.When the AP called the race for Biden, he was leading there by 9 percentage points.Biden flipping Arizona is a sign of Democrats' ascendant influence in the state.In 2018, Sinema became the first Democrat in three decades to win a U.S. Senate seat in Arizona. Democrats also won three statewide offices and five of nine congressional seats and made gains in the state legislature that year.In 2016, voters ousted Republican Joe Arpaio, Maricopa County's hardline sheriff, who built a national profile on his harsh treatment of immigrants. 3349