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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Eight people were selected to serve on the county's Independent Redistricting Commission, in a random drawing during today's San Diego County Board of Supervisors meeting.Commissioners will redraw boundaries for the county's five supervisorial districts by December 2021, based on new federal census numbers.Those chosen to serve are David Bame, Colleen Brown, Amy Caterina, Chris Chen, Sonia Diaz, Barbara Hansen, Arvid Larson and John Russ.Bame lives in District 1; Russ lives in District 2; Caterina is in District 3; Diaz, Hansen and Larson live in District 4; and Brown and Chen live in District 5.The redistricting process happens every 10 years. Andrew Potter, clerk of the Board of Supervisors, said the commission will have 14 members with the appropriate skills, and also reflect the county's political diversity.Using a raffle roll cage, Potter and two colleagues drew names from a pool of 59 qualified applicants. Nearly 300 people applied to serve on the volunteer commission.The commission will meet later this month, and choose six more members out of 51 qualified applicants. There must be a full commission seated by Dec. 31, according the county.The commission must hold at least seven public hearings, and at least one must take place in each supervisorial district. According to the county, each supervisor should represent a diverse population of roughly 650,000 residents.In related action, the board unanimously approved spending 0,000 on Redistricting Commission duties. 1523

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - At least one person was seriously injured this morning in a crash that may have involved an alcohol-impaired driver, the California Highway Patrol said.A car reportedly rolled over and caught fire about 3:44 a.m. on southbound state Route 15 near state Route 94, according to a California Highway Patrol incident log. Moments later, dispatchers were told the car appeared to have exploded.The fire-damaged car was then struck by another car, according to the incident log. A third vehicle was also involved in the crash, though details were scant.At least one person was left with serious injuries. The CHP described the incident as related to drunk driving, but it wasn't clear if anyone was taken into custody.  744

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - An Arizona man who carried out a series of knifepoint rapes in the city of San Diego 24 years ago will be sentenced to 50 years to life in state prison early next year following his guilty plea to six rape counts.Christopher VanBuskirk, 47, of Goodyear, pleaded guilty Monday to threatening the victims with a knife while sexually assaulting them on four occasions between August and November of 1995, according to San Diego police.Deputy District Attorney Martin Doyle said Vanbuskirk also pleaded guilty to two knifepoint rapes committed in Riverside County in March 2002 and November 2004, with the Riverside County District Attorney's Office giving San Diego County prosecutors jurisdiction over those two cases.RELATED: Man accused of sexually assaulting six women since 1995 faces 190 yearsVanbuskirk is slated to be sentenced Feb. 20.Prosecutors said the four San Diego cases occurred twice in the Tierrasanta neighborhood, once in Pacific Beach, and once near San Diego Mesa College. He was identified as a suspect through public-access genealogical databases, which Doyle said was similar to the technology utilized to identify and capture Joseph James DeAngelo, otherwise known as the Golden State Killer.Police said DNA evidence previously linked the San Diego and Riverside county cases, but the identity of the perpetrator was not established until this year.Vanbuskirk was arrested in his home state in May. 1447

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Less than a week after fully reopening its schools, the Vista Unified School District reported a second COVID-19 case involving a Mission Vista High School student, leading to the quarantine of about 150 students and four teachers.According to the district, the second student tested positive for the illness on Sunday. That student attended school Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday last week and is not connected to the other case in a student confirmed last week, the district said."The parents notified us that the student likely contracted the virus while traveling on a club athletic team not affiliated with school," a district statement reads. "We immediately notified all parents, students and staff who may have come into contact with the student."While it is unlikely the student came into close contact with all 150 students and four teachers, the district said it was "proceeding with an abundance of caution" and placing all of them on a 14-day quarantine and pivot to Zoom and Canvas distance-learning classes.According to the district's COVID-19 safety dashboard, it has recorded five cases since Sept. 8, and just one since Oct. 20.The Vista Unified School District, fully reopened its 28 schools last Tuesday, eschewing some of the more cautious measures some other districts are taking, moving into its Phase 3 reopening plan. The "Vista Classic" plan allows every school in the district to reopen at full capacity. Parents and guardians will still be able to keep students in "Vista Virtual," the district's distance-learning program, if they so choose."Our health and safety measures were working well, with mask wearing and handwashing particularly strong on all campuses," Vista Superintendent Matt Doyle said after visiting campuses Tuesday. "We will continue to refine arrival, dismissal, and lunchtime routines for students as they relearn how to interact with their friends in this new social distancing environment."The district said it will attempt to have social distancing as much as possible, but will allow as many as 38 students in a single classroom, so desks will not be spaced six feet apart.A rally Oct. 15 by teachers and parents at Foothill Oaks Elementary School attempted to dissuade the Vista Unified School Board from reopening, with many educators believing the safety measures inadequate.Plexiglass barriers were not provided to teachers. Instead, they were given PVC pipes and plastic liner to create makeshift protection from students returning to in-person learning. 2538