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BEIJING, Dec. 2 (Xinhua) -- Medical experts and leaders from the world's leading orthopaedic societies on Friday called for the improvement of health insurance programs and medical care for people in developing countries."Health care should reach the unreached," said Professor H.K.T. Raza, president of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association (APOP), at the Sixth International Congress of Chinese Orthopaedic Association (COA), which is running from Thursday to Sunday in Beijing."If we really want to improve people's well-being, we have to make health care available to those who have difficulty accessing it. Although that will probably be a very difficult task, we should try and do it gradually," said Professor K.M. Chan from the Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong.Statistics from the Ministry of Health show that 1.27 billion Chinese, or 95 percent of the country's population, are covered by basic medical insurance programs.However, private medical insurance accounts for less than 2 percent of the country's health care financing, while private insurance in other countries stands at an average of 20 percent."With the increasing demand for quality health care, there will be higher demand for commercial insurance. With more private health funding in the system, we can increase the quality," Prof. Chan said.Government health care expenditures should be directed toward those who can't afford health care at all, while commercial insurance should cover the needs of those who can afford to purchase it, Prof. Chan said."We need to have different approaches combined together to revamp the current health insurance structure in China," he said."If you want to raise the quality of health care, you need to have the responsibility from the government, the individuals and the insurance system," he added.While China may need to promote its commercial health insurance, in India, the situation is different. Though many medical tourists choose India as their destination for affordable care, health insurance is uncommon in the country.While patients typically pay out of their own pockets for routine care, it is estimated that over 300 million Indians out of a population of 1.2 billion still live on less than one U.S. dollar per day.

ADDIS ABABA, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- Ethiopia will host the 13th World Congress on Public Health (WCPH) in April 2012, the Ethiopian Public Health Association (EPHA) said on Wednesday.The meeting will be held on April 23-27 under the theme: "Moving towards Global Health Equity- Opportunities and Treats".Speaking on the 22nd annual meeting of EPHA held here on Wednesday EPHA President Tewabech Bishaw said about 3,000 participants, including public health students from all over the world are expected to take part in the meeting.He said that preparations are well underway to successfully conduct the meeting.

BEIJING, Jan. 05 (Xinhuanet) -- China's satellite television channels have aired fewer entertainment programs this year as broadcasting watchdog's curbs on "excessive entertainment" took effect.The State Administration of Radio, Film and Television has cut two-thirds of "racy" entertainment programs on China's 34 satellite channels since the campaign began, the spokesperson for the administration said on Tuesday.Since the regulation took effect on Jan 1, the total number of entertainment programs scheduled for prime-time -7:30 pm to 10 pm - broadcast a week dropped to 38 from 126 at the end of last year, according to a statement from the administration.Under the regulation, announced in October, each satellite channel can broadcast no more than two entertainment programs a week and the maximum length of the program may not exceed 90 minutes.The targeted programs, including dating shows, reality talent shows and emotional stories on the administration's list, were deemed "excessive entertainment" and showing "less taste"."Satellite channels should design programs with innovative content, promoting traditional virtues and socialist core values in their new entertainment programs," the authority said.The administration considers the move crucial to improving cultural content for the public by offering high-level programs.Meanwhile, the number of news programs on the satellite channels has grown to 193 a day, 33 percent more than in 2011.Currently, news programming on each satellite channel has surpassed two hours, and each channel has at least two 30-minute news programs during prime time.But popular dating shows such as If You Are the One, produced by Jiangsu Satellite TV, and reality shows such as China's Got Talent, aired by Shanghai-based Dragon TV, will remain on during prime time in the weekend.Li Hao, spokesman for Hunan Satellite TV, a broadcaster famous for its entertainment programs, told China Daily the regulation will improve the quality of entertainment programs."We have been exploring how to make entertainment shows more meaningful and valuable," he said, adding that the channel has shortened the length of its two entertainment programs from 110 to 90 minutes."We will supervise programs more strictly, and pay close attention to things such as the clothing and comments of hosts and guests," he added.Cheng Manli, a media professor at Peking University, welcomed the new regulation to limit "less tasteful" programs involving violence and money worship."After all, unhealthy programs may hurt young people who are not able to distinguish right from wrong, which also worries their parents," she said.However, Yu Guoming, a professor at the School of Journalism at Renmin University of China, did not think the regulation was the way to improve cultural development."Whether the entertainment program is good or not should be decided by viewers' reaction, instead of an administration's evaluation," he said. "Residents are under pressure and need to watch shows to relax in our society."Yu also said that a good entertainment program should respect residents' taste and give them more viewing choices, or else it could lead to rigid restrictions.Ma Yuqiang, who runs an online clothing retail company, said the new rule will not affect his daily life, because he can watch the entertainment programs that were taken off prime time on the Internet."I think the regulation will drive most young people to the Internet," Ma, 26, said.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the brain is a key player in regulating glucose (sugar) metabolism in humans.The findings, published Monday in the online edition of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that drugs targeting the brain and central nervous system could be a novel approach to treating diabetes."The brain is the body's only organ that needs a constant supply of glucose to survive, so it makes sense that it would have some say over how much glucose is produced," said study leader Meredith Hawkins, professor of medicine and director of the Global Diabetes Initiative at Yeshiva University, in a statement. "This role for the brain was demonstrated in earlier studies in rodents, but there was considerable controversy over whether the results could be applied to humans. We hope this study helps to settle the matter."In an earlier study in rodents, researchers showed that activation of potassium channels in the brain's hypothalamus sends signals to the liver that dampen its production of glucose. Those findings, published in Nature in 2005, challenged the conventional thinking that blood sugar production by the liver (the body's glucose factory) is regulated only by the pancreas (which makes insulin to metabolize glucose). But carefully performed studies on dogs, conducted at Vanderbilt University, failed to replicate the results, suggesting the Einstein findings in rodents might not be relevant to higher mammals, including humans.The current study, involving people, was aimed at resolving this controversy. Ten nondiabetic subjects were given oral diazoxide, a drug that activates potassium channels in the hypothalamus. (The drug is not used to treat diabetes.) Hormone secretion by the pancreas was controlled to ensure that any change in sugar production would only have occurred through the drug's effect on the brain. After the researchers administered the drug, blood tests revealed that patients' livers were producing significantly less glucose than before.Hawkins and her team then repeated this in rats, again giving diazoxide orally, achieving similar results. They confirmed that sufficient amounts of diazoxide crossed the blood-brain barrier to affect potassium channels in the hypothalamus. Additional experiments confirmed that diazoxide was working through the brain. Specifically, the researchers were able to completely block the effects of diazoxide by infusing a specific potassium channel blocker directly into the brain."This study confirms that the brain plays a significant role in regulating glucose production by the liver," said lead author Preeti Kishore, assistant professor of medicine. "We are now investigating whether this 'brain-to-liver' pathway is impaired in people with diabetes. If so, we may be able to restore normal glucose regulation by targeting potassium channels in the brain."

SUVA, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- Three in four people of the Fiji population are physically inactive causing an increase in health risks, says the country's Ministry of Health.National Advisor on Non-Communicable Disease Dr. Isimeli Tukana said that lifestyle in this Fijian generation has changed a lot, especially for the younger population that have been influenced by technology.Tukana said on Friday many children nowadays are obese and that was of growing concern. That is why the Ministry of Health is working with the Ministry of Education in promoting more physical education in schools and making it compulsory from this school term.Fiji was recently ranked the fourth-most obese nation in the region, according to the Health Ministry.Recent studies in Fiji showed a high incidence of anaemia in children, women and men.Figures released by the ministry said more than 60 percent of the island nation's population is overweight while a significant number are deficient in iron and micronutrients.The figures show that the high rate of premature disability with Non Communicable Diseases (NCD), infection and cancer has taken its toll on the population."The importance of our traditional diets, healthy eating and physical activities is paramount," a ministry statement had said."In the Pacific NCDs have reached epidemic proportions," it said."Nutritional imbalances resulting from not eating local produce instead of canned, processed food contribute to the equation, especially in these times of global economic crisis."Women's Minister Dr. Jiko Luveni has advised mothers in the country this week to stock up on healthy foods for their families.She said having green leafy vegetables was vital and buying fruits for children's snacks instead of salted prepacked ones was the way to keep the family healthy.The National Food and Nutrition Council said Friday that as the school year draws parents should find healthy alternatives for their children.They have urged teachers and parents to include fruits in every child's meal to reduce NCDs.In other countries in the region Tokelau and Nauru's obesity rates stand at 93 percent to 93.5 percent of the population.In American Samoa and Kiribati obesity stands at 81.5 percent of the population, while Marshall Islands at 80.1 percent, Federated States of Micronesia (Pohnpei) at 73.1 percent.