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BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhuanet) -- India has reported the first case of "totally drug-resistant tuberculosis," a long-feared and virtually untreatable form of the killer lung disease.Similar highly resistant cases have been noted before. In 2003, two Italian women died and there were 15 cases reported from Iran in 2009. That same year, The Associated Press reported on a case of a Peruvian teenager who was infected at home but diagnosed while visiting Florida.Such kind of TB has mostly been limited to impoverished areas, and has not spread widely. But experts believe there could be many undocumented cases.No one expects the Indian TB strains to rapidly spread elsewhere.The airborne disease is mainly transmitted through close personal contact and isn't nearly as contagious as the flu. Indeed, most of the cases of this kind of TB were not from person-to-person infection but were mutations that occurred in poorly treated patients.The Indian hospital that saw the initial cases tested a dozen medicines and none of them worked. A TB expert at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said they do appear to be totally resistant to available drugs."It is concerning," said Dr. Kenneth Castro, director of the CDC's Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. "Anytime we see something like this, we better get on top of it before it becomes a more widespread problem."Ordinary TB is easily cured by taking antibiotics for six to nine months. However, if that treatment is interrupted or the dose is cut down, the stubborn bacteria battle back and mutate into a tougher strain that can no longer be killed by standard drugs. The disease becomes harder and more expensive to treat.Tuberculosis is an age-old scourge that lies dormant in an estimated one in three people. About 10 percent of those people eventually develop active TB, which kills roughly 2 million a year, according to WHO. Each victim infects an average of 10 to 15 others every year, typically through sneezing or coughing.If a TB case is found to be resistant to the two most powerful anti-TB drugs, the patient is classified as having multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR). An even worse classification of TB — one the WHO accepts — is extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR), a form of the disease that was first reported in 2006 and is virtually resistant to all drugs.About 20 percent of the world's multi-drug-resistant cases were found in India, which is home to a quarter of all types of tuberculosis cases worldwide.

BEIJING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- Trade volume between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2010 was 36 times what it was in 1991, the year in which formal relations between the two sides were established, according to new statistics.The volume is expected to reach 500 billion U.S. dollars in 2015, according to figures revealed Friday at the China-ASEAN Beijing Economic Forum, an event taking place in China's capital from Dec. 16 to 18 to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the China-ASEAN relations.Ma Mingqiang, secretary-general of ASEAN-China Center, said China-ASEAN trade volume totaled 267 billion U.S. dollars in the first three quarters of 2011 and is expected to hit the annual target of 350 billion dollars this year.He said the two parties have become closely linked in the past two decades, as China is now ASEAN's largest trade partner while ASEAN ranks the third among China's trade partners.With the comprehensive implementation of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement in 2010, China has made 90 percent of commodities traded between China and ASEAN countries free of tariffs.China and ASEAN have enjoyed rapid social and economic growth since they established bilateral cooperation, said Surin Pitsuwan, ASEAN secretary-general.ASEAN can provide human resources, natural resources and raw materials for China's industrial development, and it in turn wants to win more investment from China, said Pitsuwan.He said the cooperation not only is a win-win solution for both sides, but will also make a positive contribution to the world.Guo Jinlong, mayor of Beijing, said the city saw a 21.5 percent year-on-year increase in trade volume with ASEAN in 2010, and will further strengthen its cooperation with the countries.ASEAN groups Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

MOSCOW, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- A Soyuz-2.1B rocket carried a Glonass-M navigation satellite into orbit early Monday after a two-day delay caused by high winds, a Russian Space Forces spokesman said."The launch of the booster rocket is as scheduled. The satellite Glonass-M was put into the orbit under control at 03:55 Moscow time (2355 GMT on Sunday)," said Colonel Alexei Zolotukhin.Zolotukhin told reporters that the rocket was launched at 0:15 Moscow time (2015 GMT, Sunday) from the Plesetsk Space Center in northern Russia.The Russian Space Forces said the launch was initially scheduled for Saturday but was postponed due to high winds.Glonass is the Russian equivalent of the U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS), which is designed for both military and civilian use. The system requires 24 operational and 2-3 reserve satellites in orbit to ensure global coverage.In December 2010, a malfunction of the booster resulted in a loss of three Glonass satellites.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- Drugs that affect the levels of an important brain protein involved in learning and memory reverse cellular changes in the brain seen during aging, according to an animal study published Wednesday in the Journal of Neuroscience. The findings could one day aid in the development of new drugs that enhance cognitive function in older adults.Aging-related memory loss is associated with the gradual deterioration of the structure and function of synapses (the connections between brain cells) in brain regions critical to learning and memory, such as the hippocampus.Recent studies suggested that histone acetylation, a chemical process that controls whether genes are turned on, affects this process. Specifically, it affects brain cells' ability to alter the strength and structure of their connections for information storage, a process known as synaptic plasticity, which is a cellular signature of memory.In the current study, Cui-Wei Xie, of the University of California, Los Angeles, and colleagues found that compared with younger rats, hippocampi from older rats have less brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -- a protein that promotes synaptic plasticity -- and less histone acetylation of the Bdnf gene. By treating the hippocampal tissue from older animals with a drug that increased histone acetylation, they were able to restore BDNF production and synaptic plasticity to levels found in younger animals."These findings shed light on why synapses become less efficient and more vulnerable to impairment during aging," said Xie, who led the study. "Such knowledge could help develop new drugs for cognitive aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease," she added.

DOHA, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) -- Government should forge close ties with its people and listen to their opinions, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao told reporters when asked his opinion on the situation in West Asia and North Africa.Wen said he made it clear during talks with Gulf states' leaders that government should respect the people's appeals in defending their own interests, for it is the people who created history. The responsibility for any government is to bring benefits to its own people, he added.In today's information-rich world, governments face more complexity in governing, and policy and planning coordination. In such circumstances, people's demands on government are also growing, Wen said.By keeping close ties with its people and listening to their opinions, governments could better develop the economy, improve people's livelihoods and bring benefits to them, he said.A responsible government should firmly and bravely shoulder its responsibility without pursuing special gains for itself, Wen said.