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XICHANG, Sichuan, July 27 (Xinhua)-- China successfully launched an orbiter into space at 5:44 a.m. Beijing Time Wednesday, as a part of its indigenous satellite navigation and positioning network known as Beidou, or Compass system, sources with the launch center said.The orbiter,launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwestern Sichuan Province, was boosted by a Long March-3A carrier rocket into a geostationary orbit.China started to build up its own satellite navigation system to break its dependence on the U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) in 2000.A Long March-3A carrier rocket lifts off at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province, July 27, 2011. China successfully launched into space a ninth orbiter for its independent satellite navigation and positioning network known as Beidou, or Compass System here early WednesdayBetween October 2000 and May 2003, the country set up a regional satellite navigation system after launching three Beidou geostationary satellites.The system was known as Beidou-1 and is said to have played an important role in the rescue efforts following the devastating earthquake in May 2008 in Wenchuan as it provided the only channel connecting the quake-hit area and the outside.The Beidou-1 system can not meet growing demand, so a better functional Beidou-2 regional and global navigation system will be set up, Qi Faren, former chief designer for Shenzhou spaceships said in an interview with Xinhua early this year.From April 2007 to April this year, China launched another eight orbiters to form its Beidou-2 system, which will eventually consist of 35 satellites.The network will provide satellite navigation, time and short message services for Asia-Pacific regions by 2012 and global services by 2020.

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 2 (Xinhua) -- A late-season potato blight has been detected on farms in Alaska, only the fourth time the disease appear in the U.S. state since 1995, local media reported on Friday.The disease was found this week in the fields of potato producers in cities of Delta Junction and Palmer, according to the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, Alaska's second largest daily newspaper.Farmers in both fields are working to prevent the spread of the blight, a fungus-like disease that can kill plants in the field or cause potatoes to rot in storage, the newspaper reported.Growers have been asked to kill all affected plants within 100 feet, and plant samples from both sites will be examined to identify what type of late blight is involved.Experts said that blight can be controlled through the use of fungicides, but the cool, damp weather this summer in the areas has created an ideal environment for the disease to spread.Although Alaska's potato crop is tiny compared to other U.S. states, it has been viewed as a possible global source of seed potatoes in recent years because it is largely free of disease.A local university has explored partnerships with Chinese growers to export certified seed potatoes, noted the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner report.

BEIJING, Aug. 21 (Xinhuanet) -- The 7th Beijing-Tokyo Forum opened in Beijing on Sunday.This year’s forum, the Future of Asia and China-Japan Cooperation in Economic Reshaping, expects about 600 leaders from the political, business, academic and media fields to take part in a two-day discussion focusing on China-Japan cooperation.Wang Chen, minister of the State Council Information Office, delivers a speech at the reception for Beijing-Tokyo Forum on Saturday night in Beijing.Wang Chen, minister of the State Council Information Office, said at the reception on Saturday for the forum that China pursues an open development that is not exclusive to the rest of the world, but instead ensures cooperation and win-win with other countries."China and Japan’s economy are highly reliant on each other, and they are so close that they cannot get separated from each other,” Wang said.

BEIJING, Sept. 25 (Xinhua) -- As China's economy has soared to the second place in the world, the country's scientific strength has also surged -- if only measured by the numbers.Chinese researchers published more than 1.2 million papers from 2006 to 2010 -- second only to the United States but well ahead of Britain, Germany and Japan, according to data recently published by Elsevier, a leading international scientific publisher and data provider. This figure represents a 14 percent increase over the period from 2005 to 2009.The number of published academic papers in science and technology is often seen as a gauge of national scientific prowess.But these impressive numbers mask an uncomfortable fact: most of these papers are of low quality or have little impact. Citation per article (CPA) measures the quality and impact of papers. China's CPA is 1.47, the lowest figure among the top 20 publishing countries, according to Elsevier's Scopus citation database.China's CPA dropped from 1.72 for the period from 2005 to 2009, and is now below emerging countries such as India and Brazil. Among papers lead-authored by Chinese researchers, most citations were by domestic peers and, in many cases, were self-citations."While quantity is an important indicator because it gives a sense of scientific capacity and the overall level of scientific activity in any particular field, citations are the primary indicator of overall scientific impact," said Daniel Calto, Director of SciVal Solutions at Elsevier North America.Calto attributed China's low CPA to a "dilution effect.""When the rise in the number of publications is so rapid, as it has been in China -- increasing quantity does not necessarily imply an overall increase in quality," said Calto.He noted the same pattern in a variety of rapidly emerging research countries such as India, Brazil, and earlier in places like the Republic of Korea."Chinese researchers are too obsessed with SCI (Science Citation Index), churning out too many articles of low quality," said Mu Rongping, Director-General of the Institute of Policy and Management at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China's major think tank.SCI is one of the databases used by Chinese researchers to look-up their citation performance. The alternative, Scopus, provides a wider coverage worldwide."Chinese researchers from a wide range of areas and institutions are vying for publication, as it is a key criterion for academic appraisal in China, if not the only one. As a result, the growth of quality pales in comparison to that of quantity," said Mu, an expert on China's national science policy and competitiveness.On the other hand, China also falls behind the United States in multidisciplinary research, which is a core engine for scientific advance and research excellence.From 2006 to 2010, China published 1,229,706 papers while the United States churned out 2,082,733. According to a new metric introduced by Elsevier's Spotlight research assessment solution, China generated 885 competencies while the United States had 1,817.In other words, China's total research output is more than half that of the United States, while the number of competencies showing China's strength in multidisciplinary research is less than half that of the United States.Cong Cao, an expert on China's science and technology, put it more bluntly in an article he wrote: "When the paper bubble bursts, which will happen sooner or later, one may find that the real situation of scientific research in China probably is not that rosy."China has been investing heavily in scientific research and technological development in recent years to strengthen its innovative capacity, The proportion of GDP spent on R&D grew from 0.9 percent in 2000 to 1.4 percent in 2007, according to the World Bank.An IMF forecast in 2010 says China now ranks second globally in R&D spending. The IMF calculates China's R&D expenditure at 150 billion U.S. dollars when based on Purchasing Power Parity, a widely used economic concept that attempts to equalize differences in standard of living among countries.By this measure, China surpassed Japan in R&D spending in 2010.Many see China's huge investment in R&D as the momentum behind the country's explosive increase in research papers."Getting published is, in some ways, an improvement over being unable to get published," Mu said. "But the problem is, if the papers continue to be of low quality for a long time, it will be a waste of resources."In China, academic papers play a central role in the academic appraisal system, which is closely related to degrees and job promotions.While acknowledging the importance of academic papers in research, Mu believes a more balanced appraisal system should be adopted. "This is a problem with science management. If we put too much focus on the quantity of research papers, we leave the job of appraisal to journal editors."In China, the avid pursuit of publishing sometimes gives rise to scientific fraud. In the most high-profile case in recent years, two lecturers from central China's Jinggangshan University were sacked in 2010 after a journal that published their work admitted 70 papers they wrote over two years had been falsified."This is one of the worst cases. These unethical people not only deceived people to further their academic reputations, they also led academic research on the wrong path, which is a waste of resources," Mu said.A study done by researchers at Wuhan University in 2010 says more than 100 million U.S. dollars changes hands in China every year for ghost-written academic papers. The market in buying and selling scientific papers has grown five-fold in the past three years.The study says Chinese academics and students often buy and sell scientific papers to swell publication lists and many of the purported authors never write the papers they sign. Some master's or doctoral students are making a living by churning out papers for others. Others mass-produce scientific papers in order to get monetary rewards from their institutions.A 2009 survey by the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) of 30,078 people doing science-related work shows that nearly one-third of respondents attributed fraud to the current system that evaluates researchers' academic performance largely on the basis of how many papers they write and publish.Despite rampant fraud, China will continue to inject huge money into science. According to the latest national science guideline, which was issued in 2006 by the State Council, the investment in R&D will account for 2.5 percent of GDP in 2020."If China achieves its stated goal of investing 2.5 percent of its GDP in R&D in 2020, and sustains its very fast economic growth over the next decade, it would quite likely pass the U.S. in terms of total R&D investment sometime in the late 2010s," said Calto, adding that it is also quite likely that at some point China will churn out more papers than the United States.According to Calto, China does mostly applied research, which helps drive manufacturing and economic growth, while basic research only accounts for 6 percent, compared with about 35 percent in Germany, Britain, and the United States, and 16 percent in Japan."In the long term, in order to really achieve dominance in any scientific area, I think it will be necessary to put significant financial resources into fundamental basic research -- these are the theoretical areas that can drive the highest level of innovation," Calto said.

BEIJING, July 5 (Xinhuanet) -- Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg confirmed that he has signed up to Google+, the new social networking platform from Google, according to media reports Tuesday.Launched last month, Google+ is the Internet giant's latest foray into social networking.Zuckerberg confirmed that the profile with his name on Google+ belongs to him only, and said, "Why are people so surprised that I'd have a Google account?" Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg reacts after unveiling a new messaging system during a news conference in San Francisco, California November 15, 2010.In social networking field, it is rare for someone to join the rival's platform, therefore, Zuckerberg's move is considered strange.But interestingly, Zuckerberg has more followers than Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and even Vic Gundotra, the man behind Google+, with over 21,000 people.Besides Google+, Zuckerberg also has an account on Twitter, though it has not been updated for some time.

来源：资阳报