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SCRIPPS — For almost 75 years, the stern of the destroyer USS Abner Read lay somewhere below the dark surface of the Bering Sea off the Aleutian island of Kiska, where it sank after being torn off by an explosion while conducting an anti-submarine patrol.Seventy-one U.S. Navy sailors were lost in the aftermath of the blast, during a brutal and largely overlooked early campaign of World War II.Heroic action by the crew saved the ship, but for the families of the doomed sailors, the final resting place of loved ones lost in the predawn hours of Aug. 18, 1943, remained unknown.On July 17, a NOAA Office of Exploration and Research-funded team of scientists from Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego and the University of Delaware aided by four U.S. Navy sailors assigned to the Naval Special Warfare Group discovered the missing 75-foot stern section in 290 feet of water off Kiska, one of only two United States territories to be occupied by foreign forces in the last 200 years.“This is a significant discovery that will shed light on this little-known episode in our history,” said retired Navy Rear Adm. Tim Gallaudet, PhD, acting undersecretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere and NOAA administrator. “It’s important to honor these U.S. Navy sailors who made the ultimate sacrifice for our nation.”Abner Read was on patrol at about 1:50 a.m. when the massive explosion — presumed to be from a Japanese mine — ripped the destroyer apart. Somehow the crew kept the main part of Abner Read’s hull watertight, and two nearby Navy ships towed it back to port.“This was catastrophic damage that by all rights should have sunk the entire ship,” said?Sam Cox, curator of the Navy and director of the Naval History and Heritage Command.Within months, the destroyer was back in the war.It went on to fight in several battles in the Pacific Theater before being destroyed in November 1944 by a Japanese dive bomber in a kamikaze attack during the battle of Leyte Gulf. Abner Read received four battle stars for her World War II service.Meanwhile, the ship’s shorn stern was lost but not forgotten. Finding it was a primary goal of the July mission to document the?underwater battlefield off Kiska.In addition to NOAA and Scripps, the project was supported by Project Recover, a public-private partnership that uses 21st-century science and technology and archival and historical research to find the final underwater resting places of Americans missing in action since WWII.Historians have been able to study battles on Kiska and Attu, the Aleutian islands that were attacked and occupied by as many as 7,200 Japanese forces from June 1942 to mid-August 1943, but this Kiska mission was the first to thoroughly explore the underwater battlefield.Many ships, aircraft and submarines from both the United States and Japan were lost during a punishing 15-month campaign to reclaim this distant windy and fogbound corner of America.Now, recent advancements in undersea technology, many developed by the Office of Naval Research, are helping to reveal the forgotten histories of long-ago valor.After multibeam sonar mounted to the side of the research ship?Norseman II identified a promising target, the team sent down a deep-diving, remotely operated vehicle to capture live video for confirmation.“There was no doubt,” said expedition leader Eric Terrill, an oceanographer at?Scripps Institution of Oceanography and co-founder of Project Recover. “We could clearly see the broken stern, the gun and rudder control, all consistent with the historical documents.”“We’ve entered a new age of exploration,” added Mark Moline, director of the?School of Marine Science and Policy at the University of Delaware and co-founder of Project Recover. “New sensors and improved underwater robots that can bring back real-time images are driving new discoveries.”Wrecks like Abner Read are protected from activities that disturb, remove, or damage them or their contents by the?Sunken Military Craft Act of 2004, though exceptions can be made for activities that have archaeological, historical, or educational purposes.The twisted metal and sharp edges of sunken military wreckage can pose life-threatening risks to divers, but according to the Naval History and Heritage Command, there’s a more important reason to protect sites like the Abner Read. They are often war graves, recognized by the U.S. Navy as the fit and final resting place for those who perished at sea.“We take our responsibility to protect those wrecks seriously,” said Cox. “They’re the last resting place of American sailors.” 4715

Scratch and sniff stickers have gone high tech, becoming another way to test for coronavirus.Researchers at the University of Colorado and Yale University have developed a “u-Smell-it” test that works with an app.Essentially, users will use a high-tech scratch and sniff to detect whether they've lost their sense of smell.“There's five windows and they have different odors on each of them. Basically, all you have to do is take an app on your phone, and you basically scan the card. It has a QR code, and it recognizes the unique combination of odors. This is really important because you want the test to be different every time,” said Derek Toomre, professor at the Yale University School of Medicine.The user will choose the corresponding odors. And after, they're done. The app will give them a score on how well they did or didn't do.This test isn't meant to replace the PCR test or antibody tests that are approved by the FDA.“This would be a supplement. This would not be to replace. This would be a supplement so that, if you failed to smell, then you would know to go in for an antigen or PCR test, but you're more likely to be positive on those tests, so it would actually be really, really helpful. Think of it as a pretest.”Researchers behind the “u-Smell-it” test hope that it will help with the current testing shortage. Right now, they are seeking FDA approval for emergency use. If approved, they'll be making the tests at a larger scale. 1464

School fire drills became popular decades ago after several deadly fires triggered changes in safety codes. Today, teachers and children are preparing for something entirely different: mass shootings.A gunman tried to break into a remote Northern California elementary school on Tuesday but officials say, the quick action of school officials "saved countless lives and children."The building went on lockdown, a teacher rushed to block a classroom's door with a computer and students ducked under their desks. Those responses have become the new normal as more schools are being forced to adapt to more elaborate safety measures.Two thirds of schools in the US conduct active-shooter exercises and nearly all of them have a plan if a shooter comes into the school, the Government Accountability Office found in a recent survey of schools."I think everybody, no matter where you are, needs to think about this. If you're in a school, in a college, if you go to the movies we should all be thinking about what are we going to do if a crisis breaks out right here," said Christopher Combs, FBI special agent in charge, after last week's church massacre in Texas.This year, there has been about one mass shooting every single day, according to the Gun Violence Archive, a non-profit that tracks gun-related violence in the US.'You might lock down, you might try to escape'Sara Rounds and her colleagues recently took part in a series of simulated active-shooter scenarios at their western Indiana school."When I did enter teaching, you know, this was not a thought in my head. But this is where we are now," Rounds, a first grade teacher at Jackson Township Elementary in Clay County, Indiana told CNN affiliate WTHI.Through training programs like ALICE -- Alert, lockdown, inform, counter and evacuate -- Rounds and other teachers are learning how to barricade doors with desks and chairs, run away from gunfire and throw everything from pencils to staplers at a potential shooter."It's not really defense techniques, it's not martial arts of any kind. It basically just gives them options," Jeffrey Fritz, the Indiana school's superintendent told CNN affiliate WTHI."You might alert, you might lock down, you might try to escape, it just depends on the situation," he added.But training teachers is just the first step. The school plans to teach students how to make choices during an active shooter situation."We are going to teach this to the kids in a very kind way, not using harsh words, kid friendly, so I think our kids will really grasp on to this," Rounds said. "This is nothing new here to society, it's in the news a lot. They understand what our world is going through unfortunately."Don't freeze, have a planThose who plan for an active shooting situation are more likely to react quickly rather than freeze, said Katherine Schweit, a former senior FBI official and an active shooter expert."We're not talking about making a decision on what to make for dinner. We're making a decision on how to survive," she said.During the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007 and the 9/11 attacks at the World Trade Center in New York, people delayed evacuations or denied the possible danger rather than respond, according to a 2013 report released by the Federal Emergency Management Agency."People freeze. And if you train yourself to work past freezing, past the moment of hesitation, you save your life. Or you save a life of another," Schweit added.It is recommended that if possible, Schweit said, that victims caught in shootings run as fast and far as possible."I'm a total believer in run, run, run if you can (to) safety. Because you can't get killed if you're not there. But if you have to hide or fight, you have to be prepared to do that," she added.Other security measuresActive shooter training is relatively new in some schools across the US. For years, schools have employed school safety officers, lockdown drills and implemented security systems that require visitors to sign-in and produce photo IDs.After the Columbine shooting in 1999, schools installed metal detectors and shifted restrooms away from entryways. While just a few weeks ago, a private school in Florida began selling bulletproof panels for its students' backpacks.Schools across the country have also created "threat-assessment teams" to prevent shootings by identifying behaviors like mental illness, drug abuse and disruptive conduct in students.Initially, all Virginia public schools were required by law to create those task forces. But now, dozens of schools across the country have adopted the practice.In 2002, Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas created the Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response Training (ALERRT) in partnership with several Central Texas law enforcement agencies to address the need for active shooter training.Since its creation, more than 85,000 law enforcement officers have been trained through the program.  4943

SEATTLE (AP) — Ashes to ashes, guts to dirt.Gov. Jay Inslee signed legislation Tuesday making Washington the first state to approve composting as an alternative to burying or cremating human remains.It allows licensed facilities to offer "natural organic reduction," which turns a body, mixed with substances such as wood chips and straw, into about two wheelbarrows' worth of soil in a span of several weeks.Loved ones are allowed to keep the soil to spread, just as they might spread the ashes of someone who has been cremated — or even use it to plant vegetables or a tree."It gives meaning and use to what happens to our bodies after death," said Nora Menkin, executive director of the Seattle-based People's Memorial Association, which helps people plan for funerals.Supporters say the method is an environmentally friendly alternative to cremation, which releases carbon dioxide and particulates into the air, and conventional burial, in which people are drained of their blood, pumped full of formaldehyde and other chemicals that can pollute groundwater, and placed in a nearly indestructible coffin, taking up land."That's a serious weight on the earth and the environment as your final farewell," said Sen. Jamie Pedersen, the Seattle Democrat who sponsored the measure.He said the legislation was inspired by his neighbor: Katrina Spade, who was an architecture graduate student at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, when she began researching the funeral industry. She came up with the idea for human composting, modeling it on a practice farmers have long used to dispose of livestock.She tweaked the process and found that wood chips, alfalfa and straw created a mixture of nitrogen and carbon that accelerates natural decomposition when a body is placed in a temperature- and moisture-controlled vessel and rotated.A pilot project at Washington State University tested the idea last year on six bodies, all donors who Spade said wanted to be part of the study.In 2017, Spade founded Recompose, a company working to bring the concept to the public. It's working on raising nearly million to establish a facility in Seattle and begin to expand elsewhere, she said.State law previously dictated that remains be disposed of by burial or cremation. The law, which takes effect in May 2020, added composting as well as alkaline hydrolysis, a process already legal in 19 other states. The latter uses heat, pressure, water and chemicals like lye to reduce remains.Cemeteries across the country are allowed to offer natural or "green" burials, by which people are buried in biodegradable shrouds or caskets without being embalmed. Composting could be a good option in cities where cemetery land is scarce, Pedersen said. Spade described it as "the urban equivalent to natural burial."The state senator said he has received angry emails from people who object to the idea, calling it undignified or disgusting."The image they have is that you're going to toss Uncle Henry out in the backyard and cover him with food scraps," Pedersen said.To the contrary, he said, the process will be respectful.Recompose's website envisions an atrium-like space where bodies are composted in compartments stacked in a honeycomb design. Families will be able to visit, providing an emotional connection typically missing at crematoriums, the company says."It's an interesting concept," said Edward Bixby, president of the Placerville, California-based Green Burial Council. "I'm curious to see how well it's received." 3526

SANTA ANA (CNS) - A 30-year-old Palmdale man was sentenced today to 2 1/2 years in jail for smearing his semen on a co-worker's computer keyboard and mouse, in her honey jar and in half-consumed bottles of water and lotion on her desk in the La Palma office they shared.Stevens Millancastro, who was convicted Sept. 21, must also register as a sex offender for the rest of his life. Millancastro was convicted of two counts of battery and three counts of assault by Orange County Superior Court Judge Kathleen Roberts, who decided the case without a jury.Roberts was going to sentence the defendant to two years in jail plus five years of probation, but Millancastro rejected probation, so the judge tacked on the extra six months. Millancastro was given credit for serving 74 days behind bars.``We also know from his own testimony, and the testimony from the doctor, that he placed his semen on her items more times than he was actually charged,'' Roberts said.``This is much more serious and invasive than a normal punch or hit or slap,'' Roberts said, explaining why she was doling out the maximum punishment. ``This was a sexually motivated act... It is emotionally devastating to the victim.''Roberts pointed out that the defendant ``harassed her for four years, staring at her, making her feel uncomfortable at work to the point she altered her clothing.''At some point the woman finally complained informally three times and then ultimately made a formal complaint, Roberts said. ``When she finally made the formal complaint the defendant was forced to undergo sexual harassment training,'' Roberts said. ``He chose to ejaculate into her items and that was after sexual harassment training.''The judge said his ``sexual revenge'' was a ``sophisticated scheme to get her to ingest his semen after she reported him.'' Michael Morrison of the Orange County Public Defender's Office disputed that his client committed his crimes out of sexual gratification, saying it was only for revenge.Deputy District Attorney Laila Nikaien argued that the defendant was sexually aroused by the victim eating and drinking his semen. ``He is a deviant... It's a form of having power over the victim, of humiliating them.That's what a sex offender does. That's what the defendant did... He did it once and got his jollies off and wanted to keep doing it.'' Roberts also noted when she convicted the defendant last month that he testified that after the first time he fouled the victim's belongings, ``his anger was not satisfied,'' and said he did not need counseling. ``That makes someone very dangerous to the community,'' she said, adding that the victim ``hesitated to speak up for herself to complain formally because she knew the defendant and her boss were close friends and she thought there would be repercussions on her.''The judge noted there were eight separate acts in late 2016 and early 2017 and said she took into consideration the sexual harassment, though it was not criminal.``His anger grew out of control,'' she said. ``The evidence shows he can't control his anger. That is a red flag to the court that he cannot control himself.''Millancastro and the woman, whose name was not publicly revealed, had worked together since 2014, according to Nikaien, who said the defendant ``actually trained the victim.''The woman testified that Millancastro started asking her out via an instant messaging system at work.``He mentioned something about picking me up. I had no clue what he was talking about,'' she testified. ``He was basically asking me out to the movies. I said, no, I have a boyfriend.''``Did he keep asking?'' Nikaien asked. ``Yes,'' the victim testified. ``He would stare at me all day ... in an uncomfortable way, a crazy way.''Nikaien said the defendant ``would check her out from head to toe. He would stare at her when she walked to a printer... when she walked to a filing cabinet near her desk... It got so bad... she would wear a sweater around her waist... to prevent him from looking at her.''Ultimately, she ``made an informal complaint to her boss,'' the prosecutor said. ``He was told to stop, but he kept staring at her. To the point, about a month later... the victim filed a formal complaint with HR for the defendant incessantly staring at her.''A short time later in November 2016, she noticed a half-consumed bottle of water she had left on her desk looked ``cloudy'' and threw it away, Nikaien said.``A week after that, she left another half drunken bottle of water open on her desk and when she comes back to work again the next day, the water is cloudy and she's suspicious so she throws it away,'' Nikaien said. ``A week later she finds another bottle of half-drunken water on her desk and this time she opens it up.''The woman's ``boss then had a team set up a surveillance camera next to the victim's desk,'' and it captured the defendant after hours on Jan. 12, 2017, as he ``grabbed some tissues and walked over to the bathroom... '' the prosecutor said. ``He masturbates to arousal, he ejaculates... then what we see next on surveillance is he's holding up the crumpled tissue walking right to the victim's desk.'' 5166