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Record high temperatures reportedly measured in Antarctica will take months to verify, the U.N. weather agency said Sunday.A spokesman for the World Meteorological Organization said the measurements made by researchers from Argentina and Brazil earlier this month have to undergo a formal process to ensure that they meet international standards.“A formal decision on whether or not this is a record is likely to be several months away,” said Jonathan Fowler, the WMO spokesman.Scientists at an Argentine research base 531

Since the spread of COVID-19 came to the United States, the Red Cross has seen over 6,000 canceled blood drives -- amounting to around 200,000 fewer blood donations from schools, offices, churches, and other establishments. Those cancellations could cause a blood shortage at hospitals nationwide.“It helps everybody in the population. I’ve personally had people that needed a blood transfusion,” Amanda Smith said, sitting outside her local blood donation center in the waiting room.Smith heeded the call to donate blood, despite the COVID-19 pandemic affecting countries across the world.“It’s incumbent on us to ensure that we can supply hospitals before that individual patient need come up,” Liz Lambert with Vitalant, a blood donation collection nonprofit, said. Vitalant supplies hospitals across the U.S., and because of the virus, they’ve seen a drop in donors.“We’ve seen a lot of schools and businesses that are starting to work remotely or cancel classes, therefore we’ve had a lot of blood drives that have canceled in the coming days and weeks as well,” she added. The need for blood donations continue amid the spread of COVID-19.“Even in a time of crisis, someone will still need a blood transfusion whether it’s somebody who’s been in a car accident, an accidental injury, a broken bone, anything,” Smith said.To ease fears among donors about contracting the coronavirus, blood donation agencies are using social distancing practices at their sites.“Social distancing is happening here at blood drives in what we call time and space. We are asking that people who are coming out to our blood drives to schedule an appointment. This helps us break up the timing of our donors,” Jessica Merrill, the Director for Biomed Communications with American Red Cross, said.“That represents about 80 percent of our blood donations,” Merrill said. “So that has a severe impact on our ability to collect blood and make it available for patients in need.”The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced on March 19 that the organization still encourages donating blood -- with recommendations that donor chairs be placed six feet apart and cleaned often, and appointments be made to manage flow.“Blood donation facilities are staying open similar to your grocery store and your pharmacy and other places that we are depending on to keep life going right now,” Merrill said.“We are encouraging people to come and donate if they are healthy and if they meet all the eligibility requirements,” Lambert said.As people hunker down to prevent the spread of COVID-19, donation centers are looking to keep the donations coming in, to properly supply hospitals to meet their needs.“Normally we encourage walk-ins but in this situation we’re really stressing appointments to make sure that we can make sure there’s a spot for someone and they’re not having to wait,” Lambert said.“We need them to keep that urgency for weeks to come and continue to come out throughout this pandemic,” Merrill said.According to the Red Cross, to give blood, donors must be in good health and feeling well, be at least age 16, and weigh at least 110 pounds, depending on height. Those who donate will be asked to produce an ID, and be asked several medical questions. The whole process takes 10-15 minutes, the Red Cross said.“It doesn’t really hurt at all and it doesn’t take that much time,” Pam Lacey said as she made her way out after donating.Vitalant donation locations/schedule an appointment: 3497

Spaces usually filled with tens, hundreds, thousands of people -- are now empty."We're trying to navigate how to survive through this," Imam Muhammad Kolila said."You forget how much you value like giving someone a hug or shaking someone's hand," Christ-follower Claire Fundingsland said."Time right now is so bizarre. A day seems like a year," Senior Rabbi Joseph Black said.For many Americans, spiritual practice can offer a sense of peace. However, with shelter-in-place mandates across the country, the routine of gathering in person with a faith community is disrupted. Rabbis, Imams, and Pastors have all made changes to the way they usually worship."In one of our campuses, we'll put 4,000 people in one room, and that just didn't seem like the wisest idea," Lead Pastor Jim Burgen sad.Jim Burgen is the lead pastor of Flatirons Community Church. It's one of the largest churches in the U.S., fitting 16 to 18 thousand people into its five campuses each week. The church already had an online presence, so moving to virtual services was a relatively smooth transition. However, the pastor says preaching to an empty building seemed a bit inauthentic."Now we're using this opportunity to do something different," Burgen said. "I just recorded my sermon for this weekend in an empty coffee shop. The world has changed. This place should be full of people, but it can't be at the moment."He says the church's online presence has nearly doubled. Still, other religious institutions have had to navigate through online streaming for the first time."No one in Rabbinical school taught me how to MacGyver a TV station out of my computer, but that's kind of what we're doing," Temple Emmanuel Senior Rabbi Joseph Black said.He says the Jewish community is finding that it's still possible to touch people's lives with online classes and services."In Judaism, the idea of being a part of a community is essential. There are certain prayers that we can only say when we have ten people, and it's called a minion. We're able to do that virtually, and I think people are truly understanding and appreciating the importance of reaching out, being a part of something bigger than themselves even in this time of uncertainty and fear."While Temple Emmanuel can continue most of its rituals online, Muhammad Kolila -- the Imam of the Denver Islamic Center -- says the physical connection is necessary for the Islamic faith."It's fine to pray by yourself at home, a park, or work, but it's not encouraged as praying in the mosque," Imam Kolila said. "It has more rewards in Islam."Usually, there would be more than a hundred people moving in and out of the Mosque for the five daily prayers. But for everyone's safety, the Mosque is now vacant. Imam Kolila says what they can offer online are lectures and reflections to continue spiritual education. Like teaching the importance of choosing generosity over greed and how we can use this time to grow."It's mentioned in the Quran multiple times that when people felt challenged, they would start to become self-aware of how they live their lives." While nobody is sure when this will all be over, religious leaders, as well as followers like Claire Fundingsland, are choosing to focus on the positive."I truly believe that God can do a miracle, and this can turn a big corner tomorrow," Fundingsland said."In times like this, I think sacred space and sacred community is very, very important," Rabbi Black said."Look at your privileges now, and think of people without these privileges," Imam Kolila said."We're not defeated. We're going to be OK. It's going to be tough, we have to take care of each other, but remember we're not alone and God's with us," Pastor Burgen said. 3728

STILLWATER, Okla. -- A puppy with upward facing paws has now gone through six months of intensive rehabilitation therapy in Oklahoma.Milo went from having to Army-crawl to running and playing.Before, or shortly after Milo's birth, his elbow joints dislocated. It affected his two front paws, turning them almost 180 degrees. Unable to walk or stand, Dr. Erik Clary performed corrective surgery at just seven weeks old back in January. His owners, who run Oliver and Friends Farm Rescue and Sanctuary near Tulsa, said it was difficult watching him in casts, not able to do anything. Jennie Hayes said they had to watch him constantly because he was immobile. Hayes said he never lost his spirit. "The first couple of days there was a lot of tears on my part and on Milo’s part," Hayes said. "Although, I can say Milo handled it a lot better than I did. He never lost his bark. He’s always had a lot to say, that certainly didn’t change.” Hayes said immediately after the casts came off, the challenge was holding him back for his own safety.As part of his rehabilitation, he went for short walks, swam and had muscle stretching exercises. After months of strengthening, Milo can now walk and play like other dogs. Dr. Clary said they had concerns that the condition would affect his growth, but they do not expect it to be an issue later down the road. However, he may be more at risk of getting arthritis, but Dr. Clary said Milo will now have a normal life. 1473

Scans of the lungs of the sickest COVID-19 patients show distinctive patterns of infection, but so far those clues offer little help in predicting which patients will pull through. For now, doctors are relying on what’s called supportive care that’s standard for severe pneumonia.Doctors in areas still bracing for an onslaught of sick patients are scouring medical reports and hosting webinars with Chinese doctors to get the best advice on what works and what hasn’t.One thing that’s clear around the globe: Age makes a huge difference in survival. And one reason is that seniors’ lungs don’t have as much of what geriatrics expert Dr. Richard Baron calls reserve capacity.“At age 18, you have a lot of extra lung capacity you don’t use unless you’re running a marathon,” explained Baron, who heads the American Board of Internal Medicine. That capacity gradually declines with age even in otherwise healthy people, so “if you’re an old person, even a mild form can overwhelm your lungs if you don’t have enough reserve.”Here’s what scientists can say so far about treating those who become severely ill.HOW DOES COVID-19 HARM THE LUNGS?The new coronavirus, like most respiratory viruses, is spread by droplets from someone’s cough or sneeze. The vast majority of patients recover, most after experiencing mild or moderate symptoms such as fever and cough. But sometimes the virus makes its way deep into the lungs to cause pneumonia.Lungs contain grapelike clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. When you breathe, oxygen fills the sacs and passes straight into blood vessels that nestle alongside them. Pneumonia occurs when an infection -- of any sort, not just this new virus -- inflames the lungs’ sacs. In severe cases they fill with fluid, dead cells and other debris so oxygen can’t get through.If other countries have the same experience as China, about 5% of COVID-19 patients could become sick enough to require intensive careHOW DOES THAT DAMAGE APPEAR?Doctors at New York’s Mount Sinai Health System analyzed 121 chest CT scans shared by colleagues in China and spotted something unusual.Healthy lungs look mostly black on medical scans because they’re full of air. An early infection with bacterial pneumonia tends to show up as a white blotch in one section of one lung. Pneumonia caused by a virus can show up as hazy patches that go by a weird name -- “ground glass opacities.”In people who get COVID-19 pneumonia, that haze tends to cluster on the outside edge of both lungs, by the ribs, a distinctive pattern, said Dr. Adam Bernheim, a radiologist at Mount Sinai.As infection worsens, the haze forms rounder clusters and gradually turns more white as the air sacs become increasingly clogged.HOW TO TREAT THE PNEUMONIA?There are no drugs so far that directly attack the new coronavirus, although doctors are trying some experimentally, including an old malaria treatment and one under development to treat Ebola.“The best treatment we have is supportive care,” said Dr. Aimee Moulin, an emergency care physician at the University of California Davis Medical Center.That centers around assistance in breathing when the oxygen levels in patients’ blood starts to drop. For some people, oxygen delivered through a mask or tubes in the nose is enough. More severely ill patients will need a breathing machine.“The goal is to keep the person alive until the disease takes its course” and the lungs begin to heal, explained Mount Sinai’s Dr. Neil Schachter.The very worst cases develop an inflammatory condition called ARDS -- acute respiratory distress syndrome — that floods the lungs with fluid. That’s when the immune system’s attempt to fight infection “is going crazy and itself attacking the lung,” Baron explained.Many things besides the coronavirus can cause the condition, and regardless of the cause, it comes with a high risk of death.WHAT ELSE IS IMPACTED?Severe pneumonia of any sort can cause shock and other organ damage. But in a webinar last week, Chinese doctors told members of the American College of Cardiology to watch for some additional problems in severe COVID-19, especially in people with heart disease. The worst off may need blood thinners as their blood starts to abnormally clot, and the heart itself may sustain damage not just from lack of oxygen but from the inflammation engulfing the body.Another caution: The sickest patients can deteriorate rapidly, something a hospital in Kirkland, Washington, witnessed.Of 21 patients who needed critical care at Evergreen Hospital, 17 were moved into the ICU without 24 hours of hospital admission, doctors reported last week in the 4639

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