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ISTANBUL, May 3 (Xinhua) -- The world's water consumption will increase by 40 percent over the next two decades and efforts to meet this demand must increase radically, the secretary-general of the 5th World Water Forum said here on Tuesday.Oktay Tabasaran said in his opening speech at the World Water Forum that "water consumption will increase by 40 percent in the coming 20 years, reaching 6.9 trillion cubic meters per year ( compared with the 4.5 trillion used currently), and an amount of 200 billion U.S. dollars must be spent annually in order to afford this."He said such figures indicated the urgent need for countries to engage in efficient cooperation with each other to address water- related issues.Some 50 out of the world's 188 countries have serious concerns in providing drinking and irrigation water, due to careless and inefficient use of water, according to Ismail Ugur, the general director of Turkey's State Waterworks Authority."If we fail to come up with solutions, starting from 2015 there will be droughts (in many parts of the world) and people will start suffering from diseases caused by lack of water, as of 2025, " Ugur said.Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, head of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), said that ensuring reliable access to water is crucial to promoting peace and security in the Middle East, where many countries are facing dramatic declines in available water."In some regions of the Muslim world, water availability is predicted to be cut in half by 2050, even without taking into consideration the effects of climate change," he said in his opening speech.The OIC chief called for increased cooperation among member states and countries outside the region, announcing the group's progress in preparing its own "Water Vision" document and forming an OIC Water Council to address water-related concerns."In its first phase, the Water Vision will outline a framework of cooperation on water-related issues in terms of water-sharing experience, capacity development, technology transfer, water governance and institutional reforms," Ihsanoglu said.He cited the Friendship Dam, to be constructed on the Orontes River at the Turkish-Syrian border, as an excellent example of cooperation and peace among neighboring countries in the field of water.Charity Ngilu, minister for water and irrigation of Kenya, stressed the importance of water in promoting peace, especially in regions where water scarcity prevails."There have been many conflicts caused by water scarcity not only among African countries, but even within regions of the same country," She said, adding Kenya would ask Turkey for cooperation and assistance in water management and other related issues.

CHICAGO, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao left Chicago for home on Friday after concluding a four-day state visit to the United States, during which Hu and his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama agreed to build a China-U.S. cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.President Hu, who began his visit on Tuesday, had extensive and in-depth discussions with Obama at the White House on Wednesday on major bilateral, regional and world issues.The two sides reached "important agreement on China-U.S. relations and major international and regional issues of shared interest," the Chinese president said when he and Obama met the press following their discussions."We both agree to further push forward the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relationship," Hu said, adding that both sides also pledged to forge "a China-U.S. cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit" for the benefit of the two countries and beyond.The Chinese president said he and Obama also discussed some disagreements in the economic and trade area, with both sides pledging "to continue to appropriately resolve these according to the principle of mutual respect and consultation on an equal footing."Also on Wednesday, Hu attended a state dinner and a welcome ceremony hosted by Obama.Hu told the Americans on several occasions in Washington that the purpose of his visit to the United States was "to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation and advance the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relationship for the 21st century."During Hu's visit, the two countries issued the "China-U.S. Joint Statement," which says "China and the United States committed to work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit in order to promote the common interests of both countries and to address the 21st century's opportunities and challenges.""China and the United States are actively cooperating on a wide range of security, economic, social, energy, and environmental issues which require deeper bilateral engagement and coordination," the statement said.On Thursday, Hu called upon the U.S. Congress to continue helping the two countries boost their relations.Pursuing a healthy and steady development of China-U.S. ties is China's established policy and strategic choice, Hu stressed when meeting House Speaker John Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid.Also on Thursday in Washington, Hu delivered an important speech at the welcome luncheon hosted by friendly organizations in the United States.To advance the sustained, sound and steady development of China-U.S. relations serves the fundamental interests of peoples of China and the United States, he said.

WASHINGTON, April 5 (Xinhua) -- NASA and co-researchers from the United States, the Republic of Korea and Japan have found a new mineral named "Wassonite" in one of the most historically significant meteorites recovered in Antarctica in December 1969, the U.S. space agency said on Tuesday in a statement.The new mineral was discovered within the meteorite officially designated Yamato 691 enstatite chondrite. The meteorite likely may have originated from an asteroid orbiting between Mars and Jupiter. Wassonite is among the tiniest, yet most important, minerals identified in the 4.5-billion-year-old sample.The research team, headed by NASA space scientist Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, added the mineral to the list of 4,500 officially approved by the International Mineralogical Association."Wassonite is a mineral formed from only two elements, sulfur and titanium, yet it possesses a unique crystal structure that has not been previously observed in nature," said Nakamura-Messenger.In 1969, members of the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition discovered nine meteorites on the blue ice field of the Yamato Mountains in Antarctica. This was the first significant recovery of Antarctic meteorites and represented samples of several different types.As a result, the United States and Japan conducted systematic follow-up searches for meteorites in Antarctica that recovered more than 40,000 specimens, including extremely rare Martian and lunar meteorites.Researchers found Wassonite surrounded by additional unknown minerals that are being investigated. The mineral is less than one-hundredth the width of a human hair or 50x450 nanometers. It would have been impossible to discover without NASA's transmission electron microscope, which is capable of isolating the Wassonite grains and determining their chemical composition and atomic structure."More secrets of the universe can be revealed from these specimens using 21st century nano-technology," said Nakamura- Messenger.The new mineral's name was approved by the International Mineralogical Association. It honors John T. Wasson, professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. Wasson is known for his achievements across a broad swath of meteorite and impact research, including the use of neutron activation data to classify meteorites and to formulate models for the chemical makeup of bulk chondrites.

CHIAYI, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- Chen Yunlin, the Chinese mainland chief negotiator with Taiwan, discussed cooperation prospects on Friday with fishermen and farmers in Chiayi in southern Taiwan.Chen, president of the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), led a 50-member delegation and spoke at a seminar attended by more than 70 business people from both the mainland and Taiwan.He said small and medium-sized enterprises on both sides "played an important role in cross-Strait economic development, employment and in maintaining social stability.""Small- and medium-sized businesses are an important part of cross-Strait economic exchanges," he said, adding that among the more than 80,000 Taiwanese enterprises investing on the mainland, over 50 percent are small and medium-sized companies.Chen said that efforts should be made to enhance cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises on the mainland and those in central and southern Taiwan.The mainland delegation arrived in Chiayi from Kaohsiung after investigating the investment environment with local business leaders. They arrived in Taipei on Wednesday at the invitation of Chiang Pin-kung, chairman of Taiwan's Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF). Both the SEF and the ARATS are authorized by the two sides to handle cross-Strait affairs.Chen said that since 2005, the mainland bought a large amount of farm and fishing products from Taiwan, which greatly boosted sales of Taiwanese products."Many renowned mainland distribution firms are present here at the seminar to seek cooperation opportunities with Taiwan's farmers and fishermen so that the sale of Taiwanese products on the mainland could increase steadily," he said.Chiang said the farming and fishing industries were the most important sectors in southern Taiwan.He added that the tax-reduction plan of the cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement's (ECFA) "early harvest" program, which took effect on January 1, covered 13 categories for farming products and five categories for fishing goods. Chiang said the plan was an opportunity for the industry to expand its exports to the mainland.He noted that the "early harvest" program's duty exemption also covered sectors like textiles, machinery components, and "all related to small- and medium-sized enterprises."Chiang said Friday's seminar was meant to promote cooperation between smaller businesses across the Strait, to deepen the effect of the ECFA to benefit both sides.The mainland delegation will continue its trip in southern Taiwan and return to Taipei late Saturday. They will visit Taipei's Neihu Industrial Park on Sunday before leaving the island on Monday.

MOSCOW, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- China and Russia held the fifth round of strategic security talks here Monday, pledging more joint efforts to strengthen national, regional and international security.The Chinese delegation, led by Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo, was visiting Russia at the invitation of Russian Security Council Secretary Nikolai Patrushev.During the talks, the two parties exchanged views on major international issues and the further development of strategic partnership and interaction between Russia and China.Both sides agreed that their close bilateral cooperation on global issues has helped maintain regional and world peace, safety and stability.The two countries acknowledged that in order to further enhance strategic mutual trust and improve the security situation around the global, the two sides should chart the development of Sino- Russian relations for the next 10 years from a strategic and comprehensive perspective.As long-time strategic partners, Russia and China will adhere to the principles of mutual trust, win-win cooperation and good neighborliness while conducting strategic coordination, the two sides pledged.The fourth round of Sino-Russian security consultations took place in Beijing in December 2009, when Russia and China signed a protocol on cooperation in the strategic security sphere. The next round of talks is scheduled to be held later this year in China.