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MEXICO CITY (AP) — Mexico’s medical safety commission has approved the emergency use of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for the coronavirus.Assistant Health Secretary Hugo López-Gatell said Friday that Mexico is the fourth country to do so, behind Britain, Canada, and Bahrain.Mexico is set to receive 250,000 doses of the vaccine, enough for 125,000 people.López-Gatel has said that front-line health workers will get the shots first. Vaccinations are expected to begin as soon as next week.López-Gatel says the approval “is, of course, a reason for hope,” though the initial rounds of shots are not nearly enough for Mexico’s health-care workforce. 654

Mass shootings and acts of terrorism may dominate headlines, but it's the homicides and, to a lesser extent, the suicides that happen out of the spotlight that make up the bulk of firearm-related deaths around the world, according to a study published Tuesday in the journal JAMA. More gun deaths happened outside of war than in it during the years researchers examined (1990 through 2016) in 195 countries and territories.Worldwide, an estimated 251,000 people died by gun in 2016. In 1990, there were 209,000 firearm-related deaths. Accounting for population growth, that's an annualized rate decrease of 0.9 percent.Gun deaths are predominantly concentrated in six countries that make up less than 10 percent of the world's population. The United States, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and Guatemala together account for more than half of the gun-related deaths worldwide.In 2016, the majority of global firearm deaths -- an estimated 64 percent -- were homicides. Suicides accounted for 27 percent of the gun deaths. A small fraction, about 9 percent of gun deaths, were accidental.If you were to look on a map, the highest numbers of gun-related homicides are concentrated in a belt that stretches from Mexico through the Caribbean to Brazil. Many of these homicides involve drug cartels, the authors suggest, and there's a problem with organized crime and the illegal gun trade.El Salvador saw the greatest concentration of gun-related homicides in 2016, with 38.9 per 100,000 people. By comparison, Singapore, the country that had the fewest, had 0.1 gun-related homicides per 100,000."The sheer magnitude of these deaths and the range in firearm-related deaths is extraordinary," said the study's senior author, Chris Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.The most vulnerable demographic to gun violence was men between 20 and 24 years old. Men were also the biggest perpetrators of gun violence.Suicide-by-gun rates declined globally between 1990 and 2016. Some countries, though, struggled with this public health crisis. In 2016, Greenland had the highest number of firearm suicides, with 22 deaths per 100,000 people. The US had the second-highest number, with 6.4 deaths per 100,000 in 2016."The US really has quite marked rates around suicide," Murray said. "That was a surprise to me."For perspective, the United States has 4.3 percent of the world's population, but suicide by gun there represented 35.3 percent of all firearm suicides in the world in 2016. By comparison, there were twice as many firearm suicides as gun-related homicides in 2016 in the US.Americans also own more guns per capita than residents of any other country, with about four in 10 Americans saying they either own a gun or live in a home with guns, according to a 2017 Pew Center study.Americans have been killing themselves more with guns over the past decade, but homicide numbers have been relatively flat. The US ranks 30th in the world for total number of homicides, according to the study.The highest increase in gun-related suicide rates in this time period was in Jamaica, and Singapore had the fewest gun-related suicide deaths. These numbers, Murray said, are an important reminder about how widespread this public health problem is.There is no one single trend behind gun violence. Drugs, alcohol, a lack of mental health services and domestic violence are often to blame, as is poverty, the study suggests."Places with high rates of firearm mortality that are getting worse tend to be places with weak government institutions, especially in the criminal justice system or social upheaval," Daniel Webster, who has written extensively about gun violence as director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research, wrote in an email. Other things that stood out from these numbers, he said, is that while the "measures aren't great," he said, "there is a connection: more guns, more gun-related deaths."Webster, who was not involved in the new research, added that the general downward trend in firearm mortality is something that stands out because "we tend to think of our current rates of gun violence as the worst ever, but there has been great progress" toward stemming some of this violence.Laws that seem to limit gun violence include ones that strengthen background checks and require permits for ownership, the study authors said. More restrictions on guns in Brazil and South Africa seem to suggest a link between a reduced access to gun ownership and a lower number of gun-related suicides and homicides. 4601

Michael Cohen and his attorney met Wednesday with a group of state and federal law enforcement officials investigating various aspects of President Donald Trump's family business and charitable organization, according to people familiar with the meeting.The group, which included the federal prosecutors from the US Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York who charged Cohen in August and officials from the New York Attorney General's office, met at the Midtown New York City office of Cohen's attorney, Guy Petrillo, these people said.CNN observed Cohen leaving Petrillo's office building Wednesday afternoon. Assistant US Attorney Tom McKay, the lead prosecutor on the Cohen case, had entered the building earlier in the day.The purpose of the meeting wasn't immediately clear, but both offices are continuing to investigate cases that relate to Trump entities and with which Cohen had professional involvement.Representatives for both the attorney general's office and the US attorney's office declined to comment. Petrillo didn't immediately respond to a request for comment.The meeting comes as Cohen, Trump's former personal attorney, has spent hours huddling with prosecutors from the office of special counsel Robert Mueller. Cohen's cooperation with investigators could help reduce the sentence he's set to receive December 12 for the crimes to which he pleaded guilty in New York. Cohen has said privately a reduced sentence is not his motivation.In recent days, Cohen and Trump have traded public barbs, with Cohen touting his recent allegiance with the Democratic Party on social media and Trump saying Tuesday in an interview with the Associated Press that Cohen was "lying" when he indicated during his guilty plea, under oath, that Trump had directed him to break the law by instructing Cohen to make payments to silence two women who claimed affairs with Trump.Trump has denied those claims, and in the AP interview he described Cohen as "a PR person who did small legal work, very small legal work.""He wasn't in trouble for what he did for me; he was in trouble for what he did for other people," Trump said. "He represented me very little. It's a very low level. And what he was is also a public relations person."In response to Trump's interview comments, another attorney for Cohen, Lanny Davis, said on Twitter that Cohen "acknowledged and took responsibility for @realDonaldTrump @POTUS bad behavior. Trump calling anyone a #liar is a compliment!"In August, Cohen pleaded guilty in Manhattan federal court to tax evasion, making false statements to a bank and campaign finance violations involving so-called "hush money" payments two women who alleged sexual encounters with Trump: adult film star Stormy Daniels, whose real name is Stephanie Clifford, and former Playboy model Karen McDougal.Federal prosecutors in New York began seeking to arrange a meeting with Cohen after his August plea, CNN has reported, and that office has been continuing to investigate matters related to Cohen's case, including possible campaign finance violations by others within the Trump Organization.Cohen has also been in contact with the New York state attorney general's office since his guilty plea, including shortly after his appearance in federal court, CNN has reported. The AG's office has a civil lawsuit against the Trump Foundation, and has been coordinating its investigation with the US attorney's office, CNN has reported. 3467

Michael Cohen said in court Wednesday that he had been living in a "personal and mental incarceration" under President Donald Trump and that his prison sentence would, ironically, help him get back his freedom.That's particularly true if he goes to a certain minimum-security prison not far from the city.In federal court on Wednesday, US District Judge William Pauley agreed to recommend that Cohen serve his 36-month prison sentence at FCI Otisville, about 70 miles northwest of New York City.FCI Otisville has sometimes been viewed as a preferable prison option for inmates convicted of white-collar crimes. In 2009, Forbes named it one of "America's 10 cushiest prisons."Despite the judge's recommendation, the decision as to where Cohen will spend time is ultimately up to the Bureau of Prisons, which has sole responsibility for determining where offenders spend their prison sentences.The decisions are made at the Designation and Sentence Computation Center in Texas. The DSCC attempts to send inmates to prisons within a 500-mile radius of their residence, which for Cohen is in New York. However, the decision also is made using a series of criteria, such as security needs, medical needs, availability of counseling services, and bed space.Bureau of Prison data shows the bureau complies with 74% of judicial recommendations, wholly or in part, according to an analysis of the DSCC published in Criminal Justice magazine in 2016.  1454

Maybe music artist Moby was right, and “we are all made of stars.” New research suggests the calcium in our teeth and bones came from star explosions.Researchers from Northwestern University looked at a calcium-rich supernova with x-ray imaging, which provided a glimpse into the last month of the star’s life and ultimate explosion.The findings, published in The Astrophysical Journal, suggest a calcium-rich supernova is a compact star that gives off an outer layer of gas as it’s dying. When it explodes, the star’s matter collides with material, emitting bright x-rays.The explosion is so intensely hot and high pressure, it allows nuclear fusion to produce a massive amount of calcium in mere seconds. Typically, a star creates a small amount of calcium slowly by burning helium.Half the calcium in the universe likely came from calcium-rich supernovae.“These events are so few in number that we have never known what produced calcium-rich supernova,” said Wynn Jacobson-Galan, a first-year Northwestern graduate student who led the study. “By observing what this star did in its final month before it reached its critical, tumultuous end, we peered into a place previously unexplored, opening new avenues of study within transient science.”The observed explosion was named SN 2019ehk in the Messier 100 galaxy. If that sounds a little too fantasy, just know it was 55 million light years from earth.“Without this explosion, you wouldn’t know that anything was ever there,” Margutti added. “Not even Hubble could see it.”The team was able to look at images from the Hubble Telescope of the area of SN 2019ehk before the explosion to compare before and after.The researchers are working on a follow-up study that includes how the supernova is evolving after the explosion, according to statements made to CNN. 1821