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When exploring mortgage options, it’s likely you’ll hear about Federal Housing Administration and conventional loans. Let’s see, FHA loans are for first-time home buyers and conventional mortgages are for more established buyers — is that it?Not necessarily.Actually, the differences between FHA loans and conventional mortgages have narrowed in the past few years. Since 1934, loans guaranteed by the FHAn have been a go-to option for first-time home buyers because they feature low down payments and relaxed credit requirements.But conventional loans — which are not insured by a government agency like the FHA, the Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S. Department of Agriculture — have gotten more competitive lately.Both types of loans have their advantages. Here are the factors to consider when deciding between an FHA and a conventional mortgage. 886

Who gets to be first in line for a COVID-19 vaccine? U.S. health authorities hope by late next month to have some draft guidance on how to ration initial doses, but it’s a vexing decision.“Not everybody’s going to like the answer,” Dr. Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health, recently told one of the advisory groups the government asked to help decide. “There will be many people who feel that they should have been at the top of the list.”Traditionally, first in line for a scarce vaccine are health workers and the people most vulnerable to the targeted infection.But Collins tossed new ideas into the mix: Consider geography and give priority to people where an outbreak is hitting hardest.And don’t forget volunteers in the final stage of vaccine testing who get dummy shots, the comparison group needed to tell if the real shots truly work.“We owe them ... some special priority,” Collins said.Huge studies this summer aim to prove which of several experimental COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Moderna Inc. and Pfizer Inc. began tests last week that eventually will include 30,000 volunteers each; in the next few months, equally large calls for volunteers will go out to test shots made by AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson and Novavax. And some vaccines made in China are in smaller late-stage studies in other countries.For all the promises of the U.S. stockpiling millions of doses, the hard truth: Even if a vaccine is declared safe and effective by year’s end, there won’t be enough for everyone who wants it right away -- especially as most potential vaccines require two doses.It’s a global dilemma. The World Health Organization is grappling with the same who-goes-first question as it tries to ensure vaccines are fairly distributed to poor countries -- decisions made even harder as wealthy nations corner the market for the first doses.In the U.S., the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, a group established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is supposed to recommend who to vaccinate and when -- advice that the government almost always follows.But a COVID-19 vaccine decision is so tricky that this time around, ethicists and vaccine experts from the National Academy of Medicine, chartered by Congress to advise the government, are being asked to weigh in, too.Setting priorities will require “creative, moral common sense,” said Bill Foege, who devised the vaccination strategy that led to global eradication of smallpox. Foege is co-leading the academy’s deliberations, calling it “both this opportunity and this burden.”With vaccine misinformation abounding and fears that politics might intrude, CDC Director Robert Redfield said the public must see vaccine allocation as “equitable, fair and transparent.”How to decide? The CDC’s opening suggestion: First vaccinate 12 million of the most critical health, national security and other essential workers. Next would be 110 million people at high risk from the coronavirus -- those over 65 who live in long-term care facilities, or those of any age who are in poor health -- or who also are deemed essential workers. The general population would come later.CDC’s vaccine advisers wanted to know who’s really essential. “I wouldn’t consider myself a critical health care worker,” admitted Dr. Peter Szilagyi, a pediatrician at the University of California, Los Angeles.Indeed, the risks for health workers today are far different than in the pandemic’s early days. Now, health workers in COVID-19 treatment units often are the best protected; others may be more at risk, committee members noted.Beyond the health and security fields, does “essential” mean poultry plant workers or schoolteachers? And what if the vaccine doesn’t work as well among vulnerable populations as among younger, healthier people? It’s a real worry, given that older people’s immune systems don’t rev up as well to flu vaccine.With Black, Latino and Native American populations disproportionately hit by the coronavirus, failing to address that diversity means “whatever comes out of our group will be looked at very suspiciously,” said ACIP chairman Dr. Jose Romero, Arkansas’ interim health secretary.Consider the urban poor who live in crowded conditions, have less access to health care and can’t work from home like more privileged Americans, added Dr. Sharon Frey of St. Louis University.And it may be worth vaccinating entire families rather than trying to single out just one high-risk person in a household, said Dr. Henry Bernstein of Northwell Health.Whoever gets to go first, a mass vaccination campaign while people are supposed to be keeping their distance is a tall order. During the 2009 swine flu pandemic, families waited in long lines in parking lots and at health departments when their turn came up, crowding that authorities know they must avoid this time around.Operation Warp Speed, the Trump administration’s effort to speed vaccine manufacturing and distribution, is working out how to rapidly transport the right number of doses to wherever vaccinations are set to occur.Drive-through vaccinations, pop-up clinics and other innovative ideas are all on the table, said CDC’s Dr. Nancy Messonnier.As soon as a vaccine is declared effective, “we want to be able the next day, frankly, to start these programs,” Messonnier said. “It’s a long road.”___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 5581

With a mask covering his face and his fingers playing a disinfected piano, musician Purnell Steen and his band, Le Jazz Machine, are back to doing what they love: playing music in front of a live audience, but now from a regulated distance.“It is a new learning experience for all us,” Steen said.After being shut down for months due to coronavirus concerns, Steen is back on his home stage at Dazzle in downtown Denver, one of the top 100 jazz bars in the world.“For the entire month of June, we did as much as much revenue as we used to do on a good Saturday,” said Matt Ruff, Dazzle general manager.Ruff says new safety guidelines that allow live music venues like his to operate are impacting his bottom line.“Capacity went from 50 to 100 people,” he said. “But it’s still 6-foot distancing between tables and the closest table to the stage has to be 25 feet away from the stage.”Though he’s thankful to reopen, Ruff is also questioning some of those safety measures, like no longer allowing wind instruments to be played on stage.“I think that’s based on faulty information,” he said. "People think that horns project something, but the science is just not there.”Some scientists, however, believe those brass instruments could hit a sour note when it comes to health.“You’re blowing from the lungs, so they are respiratory droplets and that’s the primary means by which this virus is transmitted,” said Sheryl Zajdowicz, Ph.D., a biology professor at Metropolitan State University of Denver.This infectious disease specialist says while live music could be good for the soul, social distancing could be even better for one’s health.“When you’re at a music venue, you’re kind of up against each other,” she said. “It’s going to be very challenging to limit that from happening.”That’s where Live Nation comes in.This entertainment group is now promoting “Live from the Drive-In,” a new live music experience where people can watch and listen to top artists from their own individual tailgate zones at outdoor concerts across the country.Back at Dazzle, fans say live music is what they need during this pandemic.And while the new normal on stage could be confining for artists, they believe live music will help calm emotions as the virus moves towards a crescendo.“If we can bring a few moments of joy to somebody than we have performed our mission,” Steen said. 2376

WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. — While the demand for guns is cooling off, sellers say there is still a nationwide shortage of ammunition, and it's unclear when inventory will return to normal.The owner of Guns and Range Training Center in West Palm Beach said most gun sales during the COVID-19 pandemic have been to first-time buyers, making up 80% of sales.Gun owner Rita Gonzalez is no beginner, and this year she has helped many of her friends become first-time gun owners."Just with everything going on and stuff, they just feel safer having them," Gonzalez said. "It's like my happy place. I go. I shoot. I release stress. I like it." 640

While civil rights lawyers said Zachary Cruz was subjected to torture in the Broward County Jail back in March, the father of a teenager shot and killed at Stoneman Douglas High School said he's faced his own kind of torture because of Zachary Cruz's brother.FULL COVERAGE: Parkland school shooting | Zachary Cruz arrested near Park Vista HS"I've got no sympathy for anyone with that last name," said Andrew Pollack, whose daughter Meadow was killed in February.Nexus Services filed a federal lawsuit for Zachary Cruz against the Broward County Sheriff's Office, a judge and prosecutors."You can’t treat and trample somebody’s constitutional rights because they’re related to an individual who did a heinous act," said Mario Williams, civil rights chief of Nexus Derechos Humanos.They claim because he's related to accused school shooter Nikolas Cruz, Zachary Cruz was tortured in the Broward County Jail with 24-hour lighting, constant one-on-one watch with intimidation and harassment and forced to wear a heavy restraint vest."Records show Mr. Cruz had extreme sleep deprivation over the course of four or five days," said Dallas LaPierre, an attorney for Nexus Derechos Humanos.That went on after a judge ordered a 0,000 bond for what’s typically a trespassing charge."If he was related not to his brother then he would’ve been released immediately," Williams said.The group said that excessive bond and torture is based on bias and is all unconstitutional."We’re all better off when constitutional rights are protected," said Mike Donovan, president and CEO of Nexus Services Inc.They also said those unfair practices basically forced Cruz to accept a plea deal for trespassing, which included extraordinary requirements as part of his probation. Part of that deal landed him back in jail this week for driving without a license and being too close to a school."Just listen to the judge and do what you have to do to stay out of prison," Pollack said. "Stay away from schools."Pollack said his main concern right now is making schools safer, and having Zachary Cruz close to schools makes people understandably nervous."Look at the damage that’s been done in the community," he said.Prosecutors dropped the school proximity portion of Cruz's probation violation during a hearing Thursday because he was driving past a Lake Worth high school, not actually on the school's campus.Cruz's lawyer said Broward County Sheriff's Office deputies came into Palm Beach County to follow Cruz after his caretaker reported to them he was driving without a license. They saw him driving near Park Vista Community High School, went back to Broward County to get arrest affidavits and then contacted Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office to arrest Cruz. 2804