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In 2019, reported hate crimes were the highest they’ve been in more than a decade, new stats released by the FBI show.What is a hate crime?“It’s different depending on the state. The federal government has their definition and each state really has their own definition,” said Stacey Hervey, Affiliate Criminal Justice Professor at Metropolitan State University of Denver.“Hate crimes are motivated by stereotypes, biases or prejudices against a certain group of individuals,” said Apryl Alexander, Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Denver.Last year, the U.S. saw the highest number of reported hate crime cases since 2008, as shown by the FBI’s recently released 2019 stats.“Hate crimes are often fueled by people who feel slighted in some way, that they have some sense of injustice for who they are,” Alexander said.She explained why people follow through with hate crimes.“When we’re referring to Mexican people as rapists what does that do to your psyche? Are you internalizing some of that and is that fueling you to commit some sort of hate crime or microaggression.”These thoughts can lead to words, or even violence. The more you hear them the more they can impact your thoughts.“We have a current atmosphere right now that those on the fringes, and it doesn't matter what side of the extremist fringe you're on, kind of condones that violence,” Hervey explained. “Social media, because we've been cooped up, definitely has a role in encouraging…giving people the opportunity to find like-minded people who have their same viewpoints.”Hervey explained that current events, mixed with everyone staying home, and different groups targeting people on social media during the pandemic, are all having a big impact.“You're seeing these organized hate crime groups grooming these loner type individuals looking for this collective identity. Also what you see with gang membership,” Hervey said. “Social isolation is leading people to find their collective identity or group online.”Of the 8,302 hate crime offenses reported in 2019, a reported 57.6% stemmed from race, ethnicity, and ancestry bias. The second largest category was motivated by religious bias at 20%, according to FBI data.“It used to be based on sexual orientation was the largest group for hate crimes, and now it’s really turned to ethnicity and race,” Hervey said.“It’s affecting communities. What’s happening right now is communities of color being fearful of going out in public knowing these hate crimes are existing,” Alexander said.While not all hate crimes go reported due to fear, or differing definitions based on jurisdiction, Hervey and Alexander said bystanders can play an important role in awareness.“People are afraid to get involved because of increased violence in our society. My recommendation for people who witness something is to document it either through their phone or through a written format, and then encourage people to call the police so it can be documented because it is an increased problem today in society,” Hervey said. 3056

IMPERIAL BEACH, Calif. (KGTV) - Mayor Serge Dedina delivered the annual State of the City address Monday night.The mayor spoke to a room full of government, community, and business leaders at Burress Auditorium. The address, lasting about 30 minutes, highlighted the cities accomplishments and outlined a vision for the future.“We have one of the safest cities in San Diego County,” Dedina said when discussing the cities crime rate. He also talked about many of the infrastructure projects ahead, as well as affordable housing. The mayor also addressed the elephant in the room at the end of his speech; the ongoing issue of water quality due to Mexican sewage runoff. Dedina reaffirmed the community’s commitment to fighting for clean water and beaches.“I seem to be talking about clean beaches a lot, and since I'm a surfer, that’s fine,” he said, “But we need to redouble our efforts to expand our skate park and senior center and build a swimming pool and do all the things that most communities take for granted.He also talked about the need for more water quality testing and the lawsuit that IB has filed against the federal government, for its role in allowing raw sewage from the Tijuana ?River Valley to flow into local beaches.“We’re in court right now, the federal government twice tried having it thrown out of court, they lost. We’re going to continue to fight. If they’re smart, they’ll settle because we’re gonna win,” he added. 1454

Hundreds of rescue personnel dressed in white overalls are sifting through smoldering rubble and mangled cars, searching for the remains of the victims of California's deadliest wildfire.The Camp Fire killed at least 56 people in Northern California and turned the hardest-hit town of Paradise into ash and debris. In the devastating aftermath, cadaver dogs, deputies and coroners are searching the ruins where the town of 27,000 once stood.PHOTOS: California wildfires devastationWith at least 130 people unaccounted for and the number expected to go up, investigators will start collecting DNA samples from relatives of the missing Thursday. More than a quarter of Paradise's residents are senior citizens and most on the list of the missing are 65 or older."This is a daunting task. We feel really bad for the people who don't know what happened to their loved ones and our hearts go out to them," Butte County Sheriff's Investigations Sgt. Steve Collins said. "We want to give them some answers."In Southern California, two people were killed in the Woolsey Fire, bringing the total number of state fire deaths to 58. 1129

In celebration of Mountain Dew turning 80, the brand is releasing its first-ever cookbook with recipes featuring the green carbonated drink.According to a news release issued through PRNewswire, PepsiCo said the "Big Bold Book of MTN DEW Recipes" cookbook will include 40 recipes "of fan-made, fan-inspired, and fan-favorited creations from some of the most imaginative culinary minds on the planet."Fans will

If you aren’t on this medication, chances are you know someone who is. It’s used to treat everything from pain to mood disorders and can be just what the doctor ordered for many.But now, there is mounting research uncovering misuse of and even a black market for this popular prescription.We’re talking about gabapentin. It’s approved for some types of seizures and nerve pain.Doctors also use it off-label to treat everything from insomnia to migraines to anxiety. Sixty-four million prescriptions of it were sold in the U.S. in 2016, up more than 60 percent from four years earlier.The thing is, experts say there is growing evidence it’s being abused, too. It’s even being sold on the streets under the name “Johnnys.” Dr. Joseph Insler, an addiction psychiatrist, says he’s seeing it all too often.“Sometimes, I've even experienced patients ask me for their “Johnnys” and then they'll, maybe, catch themselves and say, ‘No, no, no. I mean gabapentin',” he says.Why is this prescription being misused?“I think that some individuals may say that they use it to get high, and others may say they use it and get a drowsy effect. So, we're talking about the euphoria versus sedation, “ says Rachel Vickers Smith, Ph.D.Dr Vickers Smith wrote her dissertation on gabapentin abuse when studying drug abusers in Appalachia.“We found a nearly 3000 percent increase from 2008 to about 2014 in individuals reporting gabapentin abuse for the purposes of getting high,” she says.We wanted to see for ourselves, so we searched online. We easily found people talking about taking “Johnnys”, or gabapentin, to get high. There were also threads of people trying to spread awareness about the abuse.Experts say gabapentin is typically misused by substance abusers who mix it with other drugs.But, Dr. Insler says it’s also possible for people with legitimate prescriptions to misuse, too.He says, “If somebody’s taking excessively high doses or needing early refills” or if their mood changes, family members or clinicians should see these signs as red flags.A growing body of research shows the problem of abuse, especially among substance abusers is clear.  But some experts also worry about the number of prescriptions being handed out.A recent New England Journal of Medicine letter warned that “clinicians who are desperate for alternatives to opioids” are “increasingly prescribing gabapentin” and that “evidence suggests that some patients misuse, abuse or divert gabapentin.”Dr Rachel Vickers Smith says, “ I think that's why it's really important to get out the message,” about abuse, in general.Gabapentin is not a controlled substance or scheduled drug on the Federal level.We reached out to several government agencies. There was little information on potential abuse although the National Institute on Drug Abuse pointed us to existing research and the DEA says it is beginning to receive calls.Dr Vickers Smith says, “ I don't think that gabapentin abuse is on the CDC, DEA’s, NIDA’s radar, in part because we had this opioid epidemic.”All experts we talked to stress that this is NOT the next opioid epidemic, but they believe gabapentin abuse is something to watch closely and believe more research is needed.We contacted two of the manufacturers of gabapentin, including Pfizer, which told us, “Gabapentin is an important treatment option for their approved indications”. 3416

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