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WASHINGTON, April 25 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) have agreed to expand their joint efforts to overcome international development challenges such as food security, climate change, and energy and environmental management.NASA Administrator Charles Bolden and USAID Administrator Rajiv Shah signed a five-year memorandum of understanding on Monday, at NASA Headquarters. The agreement formalizes ongoing agency collaborations that use Earth science data to address developmental challenges, and to assist in disaster mitigation and humanitarian responses. The agreement also encourages NASA and USAID to apply geospatial technologies to solve development challenges affecting the United States and developing countries."Technologies for NASA missions have long improved life here on Earth. Together with USAID, we'll meet even more sustainable development challenges here on the ground, solving problems for the world community," Bolden said in a statement. "As we explore space, we'll also be exploring solutions to important health, nutritional and safety challenges in developing countries."The agencies will continue collaborations to stimulate innovative science and technology solutions to international development challenges by using Earth science data, research results, computer models, visualization applications and remote- sensing techniques.USAID is the lead federal development agency implementing U.S. development efforts through field-based programs and projects around the world. NASA has broad experience with Earth science research, development of Earth science information products, and technology applications."Through our partnership with NASA, we can apply the latest, cutting-edge technology to deliver meaningful results for people in developing countries in areas like health, food security and water," Shah said. "It's a prime example of our efforts to use the power of science and technology to tackle today's pressing development challenges."Since 2003, NASA and USAID have worked together building and expanding the SERVIR program, which allows people in developing regions to use Earth observations for addressing challenges in agriculture, biodiversity conservation, climate change, disaster response, weather forecasting, and energy and health issues.The agencies also collaborate on the LAUNCH program, which supports science and technology innovators in the nonprofit and private sectors. The program's goal is improving innovations to achieve greater impact on sustainability issues.

BEIJING, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Lending to China's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) rose faster than loans to large enterprises last year, according to the People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank.Outstanding loans to small enterprises by banks and financial institutions jumped 29.3 percent year on year to 7.55 trillion yuan (1.15 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2010, while loans to medium-sized enterprises stood at 10.13 trillion yuan, up 17.8 percent, said the PBOC.Outstanding loans to large enterprises rose 13.3 percent to 13.42 trillion yuan, highlighting the government's efforts to optimize the loan structure, the PBOC said.About 99 percent of Chinese enterprises are SMEs which contribute 60 percent of the country's gross domestic product.Financing has long been difficult for Chinese SMEs as banks prefer to lend to big companies, particularly reputable state-owned enterprises.The government has moved to help SMEs get finance by differentiating the reserve requirement ratio for the Rural Credit Cooperative, the major lender to SMEs, and encouraging innovation in SME bond issuance.In July last year, the PBOC asked financial institutions to establish independent criteria for approving loans to SMEs and to improve efficiency in processing SME loan applications.The PBOC said SME loan growth would continue to accelerate this year.

XICHANG, Sichuan, April 10 (Xinhua) -- China early Sunday morning successfully launched its eighth orbiter which will form part of its indigenous satellite-navigation and -positioning network.A Long March-3A carrier rocket carrying the "Beidou," or Compass, navigation satellite took off at 4:47 a.m. Sunday from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province.It will join seven other satellites already in orbit to form a network which will eventually consist of more than 30 satellites.The launching of the satellite marks the establishment of a basic system for the navigation and positioning network, said an unidentified spokesperson for the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.China will launch more satellites within the coming two years to finish a regional network to provide navigation services with high precision and credibility for industries and sectors such as mapping, fishery, transportation, meteorology and telecommunication, in the Asia-Pacific regions, the spokesperson said.The network is scheduled to be able to provide global services by 2020.

BEIJING, March 11(Xinhuanet)-- People with more fat around their waist, often known as “apple shape”, may not have a greater risk of heart attack than those with fatter bottoms and hips, according to a new study published in Lancet as quotted by media reports Friday.This study funded by the Medical Research Council and British Heart Foundation, reviewed 220,000 individual records from 17 countries and monitored the occurrence of heart attacks or strokes based on body mass index (BMI) versus waist-hip circumference. It found that people with "apple-shaped" obesity were at a higher risk of having heart risks compared to those with general obesity as assessed by their BMI.  This contradicts previous claims that "apple shaped" bodies were three times more likely to suffer heart attacks than those with more generally distributed fat.But experts warn obesity is still bad for the heart, no matter where the fat is, and they argue there is confusion about the best way to measure it. "Regardless of how you measure it, being obese is bad for your heart. This study suggests that measuring your waist is no better than calculating your BMI but it's not time to throw away the tape measure just yet, “Dr Mike Knapton, associate medical director at the British Heart Foundation said."We tend to underestimate our body shape and size, so measuring our waist or checking our BMI are both quick and easy ways we can check our health at home."Besides, he also listed some other heart risk factors that we need to think about too, such as blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes and smoking.

BEIJING, April 19 (Xinhuanet) -- Almost one year after the disastrous oil spill, scientists believe that the overall health of the Gulf of Mexico as nearly back to normal.However, the scientists restrain their optimism about nature's resiliency with the glaring blemishes out there. It's been nearly a year since BP's Gulf of Mexico oil spill began last April, triggering one of the world's worst environmental disasters. Nearly 5 million barrels of oil leaked from the ruptured Deepwater Horizon well during the months-long catastrophe.BP said last November that the disaster cost it nearly 40 billion U.S. dollars, according to a Guardian report.According to a BP survey of researchers, over three dozen scientists grade the Gulf's big picture health a 68 on average, using a 1-to-100 scale.That's just a few points below the 71 the same researchers gave last summer when asked what grade they would give the ecosystem before the spill. And it's an improvement from the 65 given back in October after months of the oil spill.