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WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- A recent study found that low vitamin D levels are significantly more prevalent in obese children and are associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. This study was accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.High rates of vitamin D deficiency have been found in obese populations and past studies have linked low vitamin D levels to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. But the mechanisms by which obesity and its comorbidities are related to vitamin D deficiency are not fully known.This new study examined associations between vitamin D levels and dietary habits in obese children, and tested whether there were correlations between vitamin D levels and markers of abnormal glucose metabolism and blood pressure.In this study, researchers measured vitamin D levels, blood sugar levels, serum insulin, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in 411 obese subjects and 87 control non-overweight subjects. Study participants were also asked to provide dietary information including daily intake of soda, juice and milk, average daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether or not they routinely skipped breakfast. BMI is a measurement of body fat calculated from weight and height."Our study found that obese children with lower vitamin D levels had higher degrees of insulin resistance," said Micah Olson, of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and lead author of the study. "Although our study cannot prove causation, it does suggest that low vitamin D levels may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.""Poor dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and increased soda and juice intake were associated with the lower vitamin D levels seen in obese children," said Olson. "Future studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of lower vitamin D levels in obese children ... and whether treatment with vitamin D can improve primary clinical endpoints such as insulin resistance. "
CANNES, France, Nov. 3 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao met here Wednesday his French counterpart Nicolas Sarkozy on bilateral ties and other issues of common concern, including the Group of 20 summit scheduled for Thursday and Friday.Hu pointed out that since the global economic recovery is now burdened by quite a few instable and uncertain factors, the international community has great expectations of the G20 Summit in Cannes."The Chinese side actively supports the French side to host the summit," Hu said, emphasizing that the G20 should continue to uphold the spirit of cooperation and send a clear and definite signal of securing growth and promoting stability to the international community through this summit.Hu expressed the hope that all relevant parties should jointly endeavor to make the Cannes summit a conference of solidarity and win-win cooperation.Sarkozy expressed his appreciation of the effort China has made to prepare for the G20 summit. He said the French side was ready to strengthen coordination and cooperation with the Chinese side and work with all other parties to push for positive results at the summit.Hu said Europe is the largest economy in the world, and there will be no global economic recovery without a recovery of the European economy.He pointed out that the package deal that the European Union (EU) struck lately demonstrates its will and determination to resolve Europe's debt problem. He hoped that the implementation of the package deal would help overcome the difficulties facing Europe and be conducive to the recovery and growth of the European economy."It is mainly up to Europe to resolve the European debt problem," Hu said."We believe that Europe has all the wisdom and capability to resolve the debt problem," he added.Sarkozy said Europe is committed to resolving the debt crisis by making its own effort and strengthening cooperation with the international community. Hu said China wants to see Europe prosper.Noting that it was the third time for him to meet Sarkozy so far this year, Hu said the two sides had a frank and in-depth exchange of views on bilateral links, world economic situation, G20 affairs and major international issues and reached many important consensuses.The development of China-France relations has maintained good momentum recently. President Hu paid a state visit to France in November last year and met Sarkozy in March and August this year when the French president visited China.Hu said China places importance on developing its relations with France and the EU. He also thanked Sarkozy for France's meticulous preparation for the G20 summit and its hospitality to global leaders.France values China's role and appreciates its focus on major international issues, Sarkozy said, adding that his country is willing to maintain close communication and consultation with China.

JERUSALEM, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- Israeli researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a computer chip that could recuperate loss body movement if placed in the cerebellum, opening the doors to treatment of brain damage, researchers told Xinhua on Tuesday.The computer chip, wired to a man-made segment of a cerebellum, was attached to a rodent's skull that had lost the ability to blink. After the artificial cerebellum was implanted, the rodent was once again able to blink.The chip, connected to the rat's brain, works by reading sensory information from the body and then communicating it to the cerebellum, the area of the brain that allows movement coordination, through electrodes."The chip itself imitates a small part of the cerebellum, a very tiny part of it," said Prof. Matti Mintz of TAU's Department of Psychology."We took a small part of the cerebellum and studied it and created the computer chip that mimics the damaged area," he said.However, more complicated movements, like walking, are still at least one decade away, Mintz added."We still did not test it on humans because we need to know the area the chip will mimic before installing it, which requires extensive research. But we are now developing a chip that will do a sequence of simple movements," he pointed out.When fully developed for humans, it can be used to help patients who suffer brain genetic diseases like Parkinson, or had strokes that caused brain damage.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced Thursday a joint, large-scale, national study of tobacco users to monitor and assess the behavioral and health impacts of new government tobacco regulations.The initiative is the first large-scale NIH/FDA collaboration on tobacco regulatory research since the U.S. Congress granted FDA the authority to regulate tobacco products in an act in 2009. Scientists at NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse and the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products will coordinate the effort."The launch of this study signals a major milestone in addressing one of the most significant public health burdens of the 21st century," said FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg in a statement. "The results will strengthen FDA's ability to fulfill our mission to make tobacco-related death and disease part of America's past and will further guide us in targeting the most effective actions to decrease the huge toll of tobacco use on our nation's health."Investigators will follow more than 40,000 users of tobacco- product and those at risk for tobacco use ages 12 and older. They will examine what makes people susceptible to tobacco use; evaluate use patterns and resulting health problems; study patterns of tobacco cessation and relapse in the era of tobacco regulation; evaluate the effects of regulatory changes on risk perceptions and other tobacco-related attitudes; and assess differences in attitudes, behaviors and key health outcomes in racial-ethnic, gender, and age subgroups."We are pleased to collaborate with the FDA on this study that may provide us with a better understanding of the impact of product regulation on tobacco prevention and cessation," said NIH Director Francis Collins.While smoking rates have dropped significantly since their peak in the 1960s, nearly 70 million Americans ages 12 and older were current users of tobacco products in 2010. As a result, death and disease caused by tobacco use is still a tremendous public health burden. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Cigarette smoking results in more than 443,000 premature deaths in the United States each year -- more than alcohol, illegal drug use, homicide, suicide, car accidents, and AIDS combined.
BEIJING, Jan. 05 (Xinhuanet) -- Tighter licensing and banning unlicensed food processors are two measures needed to improve the poor quality of cooked food in Guangzhou markets, says a new proposal.The proposal, to be presented to the Guangzhou committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, notes that producers of unpacked cooked food currently only need to obtain a food circulation permit.Many of them process food in unlicensed workshops with poor sanitation, and some producers even use substandard materials in food processing.The annual session of the conference opens on Tuesday.Recent tests of unpacked cooked food found that of 100 samples of meat, flour-based food, preserved vegetables, soybean products and algae products, only 38 passed the inspection.No cold dried bean curd or cold algae products passed the tests, which were carried out at seven supermarkets in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, by the city's consumers' commission.Excessive microorganisms were the main reason for failing the tests. Fifty-five samples contained excessive coliform and 12 had golden staph.Meanwhile, in tests of unpacked cooked food at supermarkets in Guangzhou by the city's commerce authority in the third quarter of last year, only 28 of the 71 samples passed the tests. In addition to excessive bacteria, excessive use of coloring agents was also spotted.The situation at other markets, such as wet markets, is more worrying, says the proposal.It also suggests that separate cooked food processing areas be built in local markets, with closer scrutiny over them.Standards concerning the processing, storage and transport of those food products remain unspecified.Some supermarkets, on the other hand, have been lax in selecting suppliers and failed to install protective facilities in shelving the food.Given that a number of government agencies are involved in food safety work, the proposal suggests that a shared information platform be built to prevent loopholes.The food associations should also play a bigger role in supervising food enterprises, it says."Since cooked food goes through the production, transport and shelving steps, it is hard to guarantee the quality. Even packed food has quality problems, not to mention unpacked food," said Ding Honghui, a resident who was shopping at a supermarket in Guangzhou."As far as I know, many government departments are involved in safeguarding food safety. They should strengthen the supervision and work more closely," he said.
来源:资阳报