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As the polar ice caps retreat, polar bears could struggle to survive by the end of this century, a number of university researchers wrote in a study published in the Nature Climate Change journal.The study looked at a number of sub-species of polar bears who live in the arctic and how they have adapted to reduced sea ice from 1979 to 2016. The group of researchers said that all but a few sub-species of polar bears will be able to reproduce and survive given projected conditions by 2100.Polar bears use sea ice to capture seals for food. When sea ice erodes for the summer, polar bears fast. Although polar bears are capable of fasting for months, there are limits to how long the bears can go without food.The researchers examined energy needs of polar bears, and that the amount of time polar bears would fast would lengthen to a point that makes it too challenging to survive and reproduce.While resting female polar bears can generally fast for longer periods of time, reproducing females, males and cubs all require shorter fasting periods, the research found.“Avoiding continued sea-ice decline requires aggressively mitigating greenhouse gas rise,” the researchers wrote, “and our results explicitly describe the costs to polar bears of avoiding that mitigation.”To illustrate how much sea ice is being lost, NOAA is projecting that the arctic could have ice-free summers by 2042.Scientists have long discussed the possibility that polar bears could become nearly extinct by the end of the century. Beyond reducing carbon emissions, proposals have included relocating cubs to areas of the Arctic expected to retain higher levels of sea ice have been proposed. To read the full study, click here. 1714

ATLANTA (AP) — The funeral for the Rev. C.T. Vivian, an early and key adviser to the Rev. Martin Luther King, is to be held Thursday. Because of the coronavirus outbreak, the service will be private and open only to family, according to a news release from the C.T. and Octavia Vivian Museum and Archives. It's scheduled for 11 a.m. Thursday at Providence Missionary Baptist Church in Atlanta, and will be streamed live online and broadcast by WSB-TV. Vivian died at home in Atlanta of natural causes at age 95 on Friday, the same day that fellow civil rights leader U.S. Rep. John Lewis died. 601

As wildfires rage across the western part of the country, firefighters are doing their best to contain the flames and prevent further devastation. Most of the fires are burning in areas that haven't seen a wildfire in a long time, making the loss of life and land even worse."It's been difficult. This is becoming all too common. Another record-breaking, severe, unprecedented fire season here in Colorado. And this was the largest forest fire in the White River National Forest history," said Forest Supervisor Scott Fitzwilliams, speaking about the Grizzley Creek Fire. Fitzwilliams says not all wildfires cause complete destruction. In fact, many provide some crucial ecological benefits. Take the big horn sheep who live in the forest. "Their defense mechanism is those big eyes on the sides of their heads so they can see predators coming. And so, they will abandon a habitat when there's too many trees and too much brush and so in many areas of the canyon, this fire improved big horn sheep habitat," said Fitzwilliams.The Grizzly Creek Fire also burned the top of a canyon, helping the habitat for elk and deer. A silver lining to the Grizzley Creek Fire, which also charred creeks that provide drinking water for an entire town in Colorado and was unexpectedly slowed by an early snowfall in the area.At Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks in Central California, fire officials conduct what they call "prescribed burns.""A prescribed burn is literally us giving a prescription to the forest," said Mike Theune, Fire Information Officer for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Prescribed burns are slow and steady, clear out unnecessary brush and naturally revitalize a forest, he says.Theune and Fitzwilliams say, for more than 80 years, fire services across the country used to put out any and all fires, even if they occurred naturally, such as from lightning."[In the] early 1900s when forest service came into view and smokey bear and we thought we needed to put out all the fires and we did. And we did a great job of it and Smokey Bear was the best spokesperson we could ever ask for but what that did is significantly change the landscape as far as the density of vegetation," said Fitzwilliams."We need to restore that ecosystem to what those natural levels are and one of the ways we can do it is through a very measured and very managed scientifically based approach to prescribed burning," said Theune.Theune says not all national forests in the country need prescribed burns as there are some states that deal with too many forest fires. National parks and forests officials say it's important to evaluate each individual ecosystem's needs in order to preserve their beauty for years to come. 2730

BALTIMORE — It's not just the news of a Free Little Library being vandalized that is turning heads in a Baltimore community. The narration of the crime itself is worth its weight in laughter."I thought it was hilarious when I sped it up and cut it," said Jacqui Cummings. "I said to myself, 'you don't need to fight over it, just make a joke of it.'"The initial vandalism happened on November 7th around 8 p.m. outside Notre Maison Connects. The non-profit focuses on empowering youth while supporting families and strengthening communities.Cummings is the founder of the organization. She said when she first saw the damage, she shed a tear."I did because I do a lot of work myself," she said.Cummings is no stranger to hands-on-work. Not only did she do metal-work to create the Free Little Library, she's experienced in hard labor, helping build day-care centers in other countries."I love giving back and educating," she said.In light of the vandalism Cummings launched a community book drive. So far more than 200 books have been donated."Some are children’s level books and some adult books," said Cummings " There are different books for all levels and I like that variety."This story originally reported by Dave Detling on WMAR2News.com. 1254

ATLANTA (AP) — Early in-person voting began Monday in Georgia for the state's two U.S. Senate runoffs.The early voting period runs as late as Dec. 31 in some counties.It could determine the outcome of the races between Republican U.S. Sens. David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler and Democratic challengers Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock.A majority of votes before the Nov. 3 general election were cast in person during early voting.The period could be even more important during the runoffs because of the shortened period for voters to request and return ballots by mail.More than 125,000 people cast ballots in October on the first day of early voting. Lines were long then and could be long again Monday. 709

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