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WASHINGTON, April 4 (Xinhua) -- Scientists have identified a gene that appears to play a role in regulating how much alcohol people drink, in a study of over 47,000 people published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The researchers say that finding a common genetic variation influencing levels of alcohol consumption may lead to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying alcohol drinking behavior in the general population.The gene, called "autism susceptibility candidate 2", or AUTS2, has previously been linked to autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but its function is not known.The new study, by an international consortium led by scientists at Imperial College London and King's College London, found that there are two versions of the AUTS2 gene, one three times more common than the other. People with the less common version drink on average five percent less alcohol than people with the more common version.The gene is most active in parts of the brain associated with neuropsychological reward mechanisms, suggesting that it might play a part in regulating the positive reinforcement that people feel when they drink alcohol.Alcohol consumption is known to be partly determined by genes but until now the only gene known to make a notable contribution was the gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the liver.Professor Paul Elliott, from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London, said: "Of course there are a lot of factors that affect how much alcohol a person drinks, but we know from twin studies that genes play an important role. The difference that this particular gene makes is only small, but by finding it we've opened up a new area of research into the biological mechanisms that control drinking."
WASHINGTON, Jan. 20 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao on Thursday called upon the U.S. Congress to continue helping the two countries boost their relations.Pursuing a healthy and steady development of China-U.S. ties is China's established policy and strategic choice, Hu stressed in talks here with Speaker John Boehner of the House and Majority leader Harry Reid of the Senate.It has also been the consensus of the U.S. administrations, whether Republican or Democratic, since the two countries established formal diplomatic relations 32 years ago, he added.Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L front) meets with U.S. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (2nd R front) on Capitol Hill in Washington, the United States, Jan. 20, 2011Thanks to the two nations' concerted efforts, the China-U.S. relationship has been moving forward steadily, Hu said, citing the two countries' increasing cooperation and coordination on trade, terrorism, climate change, Korean Peninsula denuclearization and other bilateral, regional and global issues.A sound relationship between Beijing and Washington not only serves the fundamental interests of both peoples, but greatly contributes to the peace, stability and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region and beyond, the Chinese president said.With China and the United States differing in culture, social system and development level, it is normal for the two sides to have differences on some issues, he said.But what matters most is the common interests of the two countries, he stressed, saying that Beijing's position is that the two sides should seek common ground while reserving differences, so as to learn from each other and pursue common prosperity on the basis of mutual respect and equality.

WASHINGTON, May 25 (Xinhua) -- The number of young adults in the United States with high blood pressure may be much higher than previously reported, according to a new study by researchers at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill.Researchers analyzed data on more than 14,000 men and women between 24 and 32 years old in 2008 from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, known as Add Health. They found 19 percent had elevated blood pressure, also referred to as hypertension. Only about half of the participants with elevated blood pressure had ever been told by a health-care provider that they had the condition."The findings are significant because they indicate that many young adults are at risk of developing heart disease, but are unaware that they have hypertension," said Quynh Nguyen, a doctoral student at UNC's Gillings School of Global Public Health and the study's lead author. Hypertension is a strong risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease, the leading cause of death for adults in the United States.The findings were published this week in the journal Epidemiology.Kathleen Mullan Harris, Add Health's principal investigator and a co-author of the paper, said the findings were noteworthy because they were from the first nationally representative, field- based study of blood pressure to focus on young adults."The message is clear," said Harris. "Young adults and the medical professionals they visit shouldn't assume they're not old enough to have high blood pressure. This is a condition that leads to chronic illness, premature death and costly medical treatment."
CAPE TOWN, April 30 (Xinhua) -- The World Economic Forum on Africa, scheduled on May 2-4 in Cape Town, South Africa, will see participants exchange views on how the continent can turn to the next chapter of development.The meeting, expected to gather a record 900 participants from over 60 countries, will be held under the theme "From Vision to Action, Africa's Next Chapter," organizers said."We chose this theme because we feel it is very relevant for the events that are taking place on this continent, and the opportunity for growth and investment that the international and African communities are seeing," said Katherine Tweedie, head of Africa for the World Economic Forum.Seven of the fastest growing economies in the world in the next five years will be in sub-Saharan Africa, Tweedie noted, saying that a lot of discussion will be devoted to explore drivers behind this growth.Africa's economic growth in recent years have impressed the world. Though being the most underdeveloped continent, Africa have been more resilient than expected during the global economic crisis.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) have predicted that the continent's growth in 2011 will reach 5.3 percent.Under one of the three thematic pillars, "Shaping Africa's Role in the New Reality," the meeting will explore how Africa can take on a leadership role in the new reality and guard against newly emerging global and regional risks. Participants will look at how Africa can strengthen its representation and negotiation capacity on global platforms such as COP 17 and the G20.Meanwhile, the meeting will look into Africa's industrial diversification, which is widely considered as an effective way to increase competitiveness. Discussions under the thematic pillar of "Fostering Africa's News Champions of Growth" will focus on what innovative and entrepreneurial lessons drive Africa's fastest- growing companies, and how can Africa's emerging economies build capacity in science, technology and innovation to move up the value chain.Another topic expected to attract much attention is Africa's inclusive development. In recent years, African decision makers have been looking for ways to attain inclusive development by translating economic growth into better lives for the people.Marcus Courage, managing director of consulting group Africapractice, said ahead of the meeting that Africa must start measuring its economic growth in terms of job creation and progress of value addition of what it produces, rather than the gross domestic product (GDP), if it has to move from vision to action."One of the challenges is that we measure economic success in therms of GDP. That is not fair reflection of action," he told Xinhua.Under the thematic pillar of "Building Partnership for Inclusive Development," participants will debate on how can inclusive growth be put at the heart of a sustainable development agenda for Africa, and how can government of African countries work together with the business sector to distribute more equitably the benefits from the wealth in natural resources, among others.Regarding the highlight of this year's meeting, Tweedie said there will be a strong focus on green growth and the environment agenda, working closely with the South African government, given that South Africa will be hosting the COP 17 meetings in December.The meeting will also have very strong representation from Francophone west Africa for the first time. As a result a good part of the discussions will be focusing on issues taking place in this part of Africa, she added.Although South Africa has hosted the World Economic Forum on Africa for a number of times, this year the host is attracting particular attention.South Africa has joined the BRICS group of countries which also include Brazil, Russia, India and China, becoming the only African member in the grouping. It is also the only country from Africa in G20. In November this year, South African city of Durban will host the 17th Conference of the Parties (COP 17) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.How can the country speak for Africa in the international arena, and what role can it play in facilitating closer cooperation between developing countries is also expected to draw in-depth discussions at the meeting.Meanwhile, participants are also expected to exchange views on issues including Africa's agriculture development, infrastructure construction, China-Africa cooperation, impact of political situation in North African and the Middle East on Africa's economic development, among others.
STOCKHOLM, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- China's railway network, already the world's longest, is developing at record high speed and is to be doubled soon, Swedish daily Svenska Dagbladet reported on Wednesday."China's goal is to connect all important cities with railway lines," the report said.Collaborating with German Siemens, Japanese Kawasaki and Bombardier both in Canada and Sweden, China has built its own high-speed train CRH380A that can reach 486 kilometers per hour, cutting the journey between Beijing and Shanghai in half to about 4 hours.Construction of the high-speed railway network will also cover inland China, the report said. It aims to encourage more investment to move from coastal areas to inland China and ultimately raise the living standards in those regions.Within the next five years, a total of 3.5 trillion yuan (over 500 billion U.S. dollars) will be invested in high-speed track construction and train manufacturing, averaging at about 700 billion yuan (over 100 billion dollars) each year.Swedish companies such as Atlas Copco, SKF and Trelleborg have participated in China's railway and high-speed train development, according to the report.Hans Rosling, a development expert and also professor at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, was quoted as saying that the construction of the high-speed railway network will bring about "good economy, good education, good medical care, better and longer life, all good things."
来源:资阳报