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Those wanting to become U.S. citizens are now taking a new test, one that has twice as many questions as the previous one, and potentially controversial answer choices according to media reports.Test-takers are now asked to answer 20 questions, from the previous 10; getting 12 correct is needed to pass, the same percentage that was needed on the previous test. However, the new test requires test-takers to give some answer for all 20 questions, the previous rules only required that a test-taker get 6 correct and the officer could stop asking questions once a person got 6.Some immigration and naturalization experts worry the length change could reduce the efficiency of the citizenship application process, which has been struggling to keep up with a backlog according to FOX News.“The administration is adding hundreds of thousands of more minutes to these naturalization exams,” Sarah Pierce, a policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute told FOX News.The new test, which started being given on December 1, 2020, does away with geographical questions, in addition to other changes, like having to name all three branches of government instead of just one, or knowing biographical details about Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and Dwight Eisenhower. The questions come from 128 potential civics-related topics, according to Politico.One change getting some attention is the verbiage of two answers. The previous answer to the question about whom U.S. Senators represent was “all people of the state.” Now, the official study guide says the only approved answer is “citizens of their state.” Similarly, the answer to a question about who a Representative represents was changed to be “citizens in their district.”The exams are given orally, so it is not clear if every U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service officer giving the test will require the word “citizen” instead of “all people.”Of the possible questions, several include the Federalist Papers as a possible answer, while three are about women’s suffrage and two are about the civil rights movement.Taking the citizenship test happens at the end of a months-or-years-long application process, after a person has lived legally in the country for more than five years. 2261

These days, you can sit on your couch and get a pretty accurate answer to the age-old question: “What’s my trade-in worth?”As online used car retailers streamline the buying process, they’re creating more convenient ways to handle car-buying’s Achilles’ heel, the trade-in. And, with the current used car shortage caused by the pandemic, you might get a surprisingly high price selling your car to them rather than trading it in.You don’t have to sell, of course; you’re just finding out what your trade-in is worth in the most accurate way possible — the price someone will actually pay.Here’s what the process looks like, and how you can use the results.Places to get a quote onlineAlthough there may be other places in your area to trade in or sell your car, there are currently three companies dominating online used car sales: Carvana, Shift and Vroom. These companies allow you to self-appraise your car and get a quote to either sell your car or trade it in for one of theirs. The transaction and paperwork are touchless.Not all these companies are nationwide, and your vehicle will be inspected by a company representative — and the offer possibly adjusted — before you get your money.Another way to sell or trade your car is through CarMax, a used car superstore with outlets in 40 states and an in-person appraisal process that takes about 45 minutes. It may be easier to look up your car’s value on Edmunds.com, where you can get a CarMax quote without even having to go to one of its car lots.A real-world comparison testBefore starting the appraisal process, I checked pricing guide Kelley Blue Book, known as KBB, to get an idea of my cars’ trade-in values at a dealer, then collected online offers from CarMax, Carvana, Vroom and Shift.On these sites, you can fill in information manually or supply your car’s license plate number or 17-digit vehicle identification number to fetch precise year, make, model and trim. They’ll ask you about options on the car, color, if the car has been smoked in, and any warning lights or body damage. You’ll typically get an offer in minutes.Here are the results for my 2014 Volkswagen SportWagen TDI with 41,000 miles:KBB trade-in estimate: ,213.Lowest purchase offer (CarMax): ,700.Best purchase offer (Carvana): ,067.I ran the same numbers for my son’s 2016 Mazda3 Sport with 72,732 miles:KBB trade-in estimate: ,085.Lowest purchase offer (Vroom): ,750.Best purchase offer (Shift): ,100.And a friend let me run his 2019 Honda Civic Si with 4,200 miles:KBB trade-in estimate: ,225.Lowest purchase offer (CarMax): ,700.Best purchase offer (Carvana): ,077.As you can see, pricing is highly variable. The more sources you contact, the better.Do you really get that much?These companies promise a no-haggle, fair price for your trade-in. But does the price change when the company’s representative shows up and goes over your car with a fine-toothed comb?Sometimes, sellers omit important aspects of their car’s condition such as frame damage from an accident or rust, says Toby Russell, co-CEO of Shift. In these cases, after a physical inspection, the price is reduced. However, there are times when a customer gets more for a car because market conditions have changed.If a customer is transparent when describing a vehicle’s condition, “we don’t anticipate having to make adjustments to our offers,” says Carvana spokesperson Amy O’Hara. “But we are prepared should the situation arise.”Online comments on sites such as Reddit support these statements. Most consumers found the trade-in or sales process at these companies to be fast, transparent and convenient.Don’t forget the sales taxWith these figures in hand, you are in a position of strength when you visit an actual dealer.In most states, if you trade in your car, you pay sales tax only on the difference between the cost of the new car and your old one. If your new car is ,000 and you are getting ,000 for your trade-in, you pay sales tax on the difference: ,000. In a state with a 10% sales tax, you saved ,000 by trading in.That should be a consideration if a dealer’s offer doesn’t quite measure up to the offers you get online or through CarMax.Let the dealer make you its best offer. Tell the used car manager, the internet sales office or the salesperson that you’ve already appraised your car on pricing guides and gotten quotes from online retailers. You don’t need to share the offers you have — just ask for their best price.Factor in the sales tax before you reject anything, but with backup offers it’s easy to walk away, sell the car independently and return with cash to strike a better deal.More From NerdWalletWill You Get a Refund If COVID-19 Closes Your Campus?College Going Online? Student Loans Still Cover Living CostsChoose the Right Vehicle for Your Off-Road AdventuresPhilip Reed is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: articles@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @AutoReed. 4940

This year, the number of school shootings in the United States has dropped tremendously because of the pandemic.According to the Center for Homeland Defense and Security, there has only been one shooting inside a school building since March; an accidental discharge of a firearm inside North Forney High School in Forney, Texas that happened before pandemic shutdowns began.It may be one silver lining in a year many wish to forget.But just because numbers are down, does not mean schools are not still prioritizing active shooter drills.According to Everytown for Gun Safety, a public advocacy group, 95 percent of K-12 schools implement active shooter drills, but the number can vary by state. For instance, in New York State, schools are required to have four lockdown drills per year, whereas in New Jersey the requirement is two.Since the pandemic started, most states have required those same number of drills despite some students choosing to learn from home, in-person restrictions, and social distancing.“We had to redesign the entire drill,” said John McDonald, executive director of security and emergency management at JeffCo Public Schools in Colorado. “We had to redesign what it looked like. How do you socially distance when you’re locking down?”McDonald laid the blueprint for school safety across the country when he was brought in by the JeffCo Public School District to implement new safety measures after the Columbine School Shooting in 1999.In the COVID-19 world, students in his school district are now learning about active shooter drills through a three-minute video presentation he helped design.“We have kids learning [these active shooter lessons] since kindergarten,” said McDonald. “So, this helps supplement that and reinforce that muscle memory.”In the Syracuse School District in New York, however, the drills are a little different than in Colorado.“I think that there’s always a need to balance the safety of the potentially very worst day with the challenges of safety and student well-being that schools face every single day,” said Jaclyn Schildkraut, a criminal justice professor at SUNY-Oswego.Schildkraut helped the Syracuse school district redesign its plans following COVID-19. Instead of the normal drills, where a full class might huddle together out of sight of windows, Schildkraut says students are now broken up into smaller groups of four students to help reduce close exposure to one another during drills.She says those groups also practice the drills on different days to keep things efficient.Schildkraut and McDonald agree that since the pandemic, the drills focus on threat assessment. In day-to-day school functions, COVID-19 is the primary threat to student safety, so social-distancing rules are implemented even during drills. But if an emergency arises, they say that becomes the more imminent threat so that will be treated as the priority, even if it means social distancing cannot be followed.“If we have to go into a lockdown while we’re in school, even in the COVID world, we’re going to go into lockdown because that’s the threat that’s in front of us in that moment in time,” said McDonald. 3167

Toys 'R' Us is filing for bankruptcy protection.The toy retailer has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States, it said in a statement on Monday. Meanwhile, it said its Canadian subsidiary will "seek protection in parallel proceedings" in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.The company said it will use the proceedings to restructure its billion outstanding debt. 399

This holiday travel season will look a lot different because of the pandemic. Some people can’t imagine booking a trip. Others are checking flights, pricing, or calling a travel agent.Kathy Facione of Rochester Hills loves to travel.She’s been exploring the globe in recent years – visiting Italy, Ireland, and Iceland – to name a few.Facione has not flown since February due to the pandemic, but she is planning a fall trip to Wyoming.“I’ll have a half-day in Grand Teton, all day in Yellowstone, I have a chuckwagon dinner scheduled one night, and a horseback sunset trip planned another night,” she said explaining her itinerary.I had to ask her, “Have you had anybody say, ‘You’re flying during a pandemic?! What?!’“Yeah, yeah. A few people think I’m crazy. They think it’s too early,” she replied with a smile.But Facione wears her mask consistently and follows health and safety guidelines. Now she’s ready to explore.BOOK NOW? OR LATER?But what do people need to know if they’re considering booking travel over the holidays this year with coronavirus still a concern around the world?I asked Jill Jones for some advice.Jones is a Travel Concierge with Cadillac Travel in Southfield, and she’s been keeping track of all the COVID-19 travel advisories and how the industry is responding.“You need to understand completely what you’re buying. Like, what is your ability to change this? What’s your ability to get it refunded? What is the window for that? So that, all, you need to understand all of that before you put your money down,” Jones said.Of all the airlines, Jones said she thought Delta has been doing the best job with cancellation policies, cleaning protocols, mask mandates, and social distancing.Delta just announced it is extending its policy of blocking middle seats and limiting the number of customers on every flight through January 6 of 2021 (Delta will make the middle seat available for parties of 3 or more traveling together).Jones said Delta, like other airlines, has also been fairly flexible during this health crisis.If you buy a ticket right now with Delta, Jones explained that you can change that without the airline’s normal 0 change fee or get a voucher that’s good for almost two years.But if you’re considering booking travel for the holidays this year, Jones advises you not to wait.“If you wait until November to decide to make your December reservations, you’re probably not going to get what you want, and you’ll pay a lot more than you need to. But people are stuck in [that mindset] – ‘Do I really want to do this?’” Jones explained.She said if people are hoping for some big “COVID fire sale” of sorts, that’s not going to happen because airlines – like Delta – are blocking 30-percent of their inventory, and eventually, prices will go up.BEACH VACATIONS?As for warm getaways this winter, Jones said places like Mexico, Aruba, Jamaica, and St. Lucia are open – for now – but some may require a negative COVID-19 test.Bottom line, Jill Jones said travelers need to understand what they’re buying -- including details about the cancellation or change policies.“So, I encourage all my clients to book in a format that they can either change it right up until the day before or they can get a full refund if they just decide not to go,” Jones explained.Jones said it’s also very important for people to monitor each tourist area’s coronavirus situation and entry requirements.“The airlines are not deciding the rules. It’s the governments of these countries that are deciding the rules. So, you can well get on a plane and not have what you need to get off that plane because it wasn’t up to the airline to tell you that,” said Jones.The U.S. Virgin Islands just closed to leisure travelers on Aug. 19 for at least one month to help contain the spread of the virus.Hawaii will not re-open to tourists until at least October first due to a surge in positive cases there.And when it does re-open, Hawaii may still require a 14-day quarantine – meaning tourists must stay at their hotel or rental lodgings for two weeks before venturing beyond those properties.As for Kathy Facione, she is already thinking about booking a getaway in December.“I’d like to take another trip around Christmas time just to get away and out of the cold -- maybe do something like a spa or something like that,” Facione saidSo, the Red Rocks of Sedona may be calling for Kathy despite the coronavirus.This story was first reported by Alicia Smith at WXYZ in Detroit, Michigan. 4507