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When Snoeck was working on his doctoral research at the University of Oxford's School of Archaeology, he was able to show that cremated bones still retain vital information."My research goal was to assess what information could still be obtained from archeological human remains even after cremation," Snoeck said. "I managed to demonstrate that some geographical information still remained in cremated bone and this new development is what enable us to go back to the human remains from Stonehenge and carry out this exciting study. "The Historic England and English Heritage that looks after historic sites across England gave Snoeck and his colleagues permission to use this new technique, called strontium isotopic analysis, on cremated human remains from 25 individuals. The chemical element strontium is a heavy alkaline earth metal that is about seven times heavier than carbon. This can reflect the average of the food eaten over the last decade before death. Geological formations and soil also reflect strontium isotope ratios, like the signature of the chalk that the Wessex region sits on.By performing this analysis on the remains, the researchers would be able to figure out where these people had lived during the last ten years of their lives because the signature would still be in the bones.The remains, dating from 3,180 to 2,380 BC, were initially uncovered by Colonel William Hawley during excavations that occurred during the 1920s. He reburied them in pits within the Stonehenge site that are known as Aubrey Holes, named for 17th century antiquarian John Aubrey who first discovered the pits. Three of the individuals were juveniles, while the others were likely adults, and they were able to identify that nine were possibly male and six were possibly female."Cremation destroys all organic matter [including DNA] but all the inorganic matter survives and we know, from the study of tooth enamel, that there is a huge amount of information contained in the inorganic fraction of human remains," Snoeck said.But temperatures during cremation, depending on the method, can reach over a thousand degrees Fahrenheit. How would that affect any information left within the bones?"When it comes to light chemical elements (such as carbon and oxygen), these are heavily altered but for heavier elements such as strontium no alteration was observed," Snoeck said. "On the contrary, thanks to the high temperatures reached, the structure of the bone is modified and making the bone resistant to post-mortem exchanges with burial soil."The analysis of the bones was also matched with results from plants, water and teeth data from modern-day Britain. They discovered that 15 of the individuals were locals, but the other ten weren't connected to the region and likely spent at least the last ten years of their lives in western Britain -- which includes west Wales."We did not expect to see so many individuals having a signal that shows they did not [live] near Stonehenge in the last decade or so of their life," Snoeck said."To me the really remarkable thing about our study is the ability of new developments in archaeological science to extract so much new information from such small and unpromising fragments of burnt bone," said Rick Schulting in a statement, study coauthor and associate professor of scientific and prehistoric archeology at the University of Oxford. 3390

WIC, short for Women Infants and Children, is a program that assists qualifying families by providing vouchers for specific food items. 135

?? CHECKERED FLAG: @12WillPower crosses the Yard of Bricks and cements his place in history. This is your #Indy500 Winner!#ThisIsMay | #INDYCAR | #INDYCARGP pic.twitter.com/oNh7uekdWM— Indianapolis Motor Speedway (@IMS) May 27, 2018 232

While fully autonomous cars are in testing, semi-autonomous competitors to the Super Cruise include the Audi Traffic Jam Pilot, BMW Traffic Jam Assistant, Nissan/Infiniti ProPilot, Mercedes Benz Drive Pilot, Tesla Autopilot, and Volvo Pilot Assist. 248

With summer fast approaching, it is important City pool facilities are fully staffed to ensure the public has access to safe swimming and recreational opportunities, said Don Crockett, district manager of the city's Aquatics Division. "Filling these lifeguard and pool manager positions will also allow the city to offer more swimming programs for children and adults including water aerobics, infant swimming and drowning prevention classes." 443

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