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WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Kepler mission has confirmed its first planet in the "habitable zone," a region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface, the U.S. space agency announced on Monday.The newly-confirmed planet, Kepler-22b, is the smallest yet found to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a star similar to Sun. The planet is about 2.4 times the radius of Earth. Scientists don't yet know if Kepler-22b has a predominantly rocky, gaseous or liquid composition, but its discovery is a step closer to finding Earth-like planets.Previous research hinted at the existence of near-Earth-size planets in habitable zones, but clear confirmation proved elusive. Two other small planets orbiting stars smaller and cooler than Sun recently were confirmed on the very edges of the habitable zone, with orbits more closely resembling those of Venus and Mars.Kepler-22's star is a bit smaller than our sun, so its habitable zone is slightly closer in. The diagram shows an artist's rendering of the planet comfortably orbiting within the habitable zone, similar to where Earth circles the sun. Kepler-22b has a yearly orbit of 289 days. The planet is the smallest known to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a sun-like star. It's about 2.4 times the size of Earth."This is a major milestone on the road to finding Earth's twin, " said Douglas Hudgins, Kepler program scientist at the NASA Headquarters in Washington. "Kepler's results continue to demonstrate the importance of NASA's science missions, which aim to answer some of the biggest questions about our place in the universe."Kepler discovers planets and planet candidates by measuring dips in the brightness of more than 150,000 stars to search for planets that cross in front, or "transit," the stars. Kepler requires at least three transits to verify a signal as a planet."Fortune smiled upon us with the detection of this planet," said William Borucki, Kepler principal investigator at the NASA Ames Research Center who led the team that discovered Kepler-22b. "The first transit was captured just three days after we declared the spacecraft operationally ready. We witnessed the defining third transit over the 2010 holiday season."The Kepler science team uses ground-based telescopes and the Spitzer Space Telescope to review observations on planet candidates the spacecraft finds. The star field that Kepler observes in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra can only be seen from ground-based observatories in spring through early fall. The data from these other observations help determine which candidates can be validated as planets.Kepler-22b is located 600 light years away. While the planet is larger than Earth, its orbit of 290 days around a Sun-like star resembles that of Earth. The planet's host star belongs to the same class as Sun, called G-type, although it is slightly smaller and cooler.Of the 54 habitable-zone planet candidates reported in February 2011, Kepler-22b is the first to be confirmed. This finding will be published in The Astrophysical Journal.

MINSK, Oct. 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese telecommunications firm Huawei on Tuesday showcased its latest solutions in mobile broadband at an exhibition in Belarus.Focusing on the possibilities of expanding the capacity of mobile operators' networks, the solutions propose to use fourth-generation network standards and introduce elements of intelligent network resources.The exhibition also presented the latest generation of radios, transportation equipment, and terminal solutions."Mobile traffic is constantly increasing, but profit is not growing so fast - about 20 to 30 percent," Xu Zhidong, general director of Bel Huawei Technologies, said during the opening ceremony of the exhibition."We need to provide more services. In addition, the market should be presented by more terminal devices. The decisions, which are displayed at the exposition, will not only increase the volume of Internet traffic, but also increase average profit per subscriber," he added.Lu Guicheng, China's ambassador to Belarus, said Huawei has seen a very successful development, including in the Belarussian market.Huawei, China's largest telecommunications company, which began investing in Belarus in 2003, signed an agreement with the Eastern European nation last month to set up a network technology training center in Belarus for telecommunications technology research and training.It also agreed last month to help more than 300 Belarussian companies with their information technology construction over the next four years.

SHENYANG, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- A MD-90 aircraft left the northeastern city of Shenyang for its American home on Thursday, ending the service of the last McDonnell-Douglas jet for Chinese airlines.Chinese carriers will no longer operate MD-made jets due to growing market demands, said Lu Changchun, deputy general manager with the north China branch of China Southern Airlines, which has operated the MD-90 jet for over a decade.MD-90 jets were involved in no accidents during the decade-long-service in China, so safety concerns did not lead to their retirement, Lu said, adding about 1,000 MD-90 jets are still flying around the world.Lu, however, admitted that supply of aircraft materials was affected as the production line of MD jets shrank, after McDonnell-Douglas Cooperation was merged into Boeing in 1997.MD jets were replaced mainly because Chinese airlines need new models to accommodate air travel demands fueled by the economic boom, Lu said.The north China branch of China Southern Airlines also announced Thursday the retirement of five A300-600R planes, which are replaced by A320 family jets. China Southern Airlines began flying an Airbus A380 superjumbo in China in October.China's domestic air travel market is predicted to grow 13.9 percent annually by 2014 and transport 379 million domestic air passengers, which will make the country the world's second-largest air travel market after the United States, according to a report released by the International Air Transport Association.Back in the 1990s, a Shanghai-based aircraft maker assembled two MD-90 jets in China, Lu said, adding the two jets retired this year.Change of jets model serves the strategic transformation of China Southern Airlines and meets the market demands, Lu said.Li Jiaxiang, chief of China's civil aviation administration, estimated that over 1.5 trillion yuan (235 billion U.S. dollars) will be invested in the civil aviation industry by 2015, adding about 2,000 aircraft to the country's fleet.Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, producer of China's first self-developed jumbo jet, the C919, has announced that it will complete the design for the passenger plane in 2012. The jet is expected to take off in 2014 and put into service in 2016.

BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Underweight patients may have more possibilities of mortality within 30 days of general and vascular surgery compared with mildly obese patients, according to a research published online in Archives of Surgery Tuesday.Researchers at the U.S. National Surgical Quality Improvement Program conducted the research for the years 2005 and 2006, and assessed the contribution of BMI (Body Mass Index) to 189,533 postsurgeries morbidity and mortality by obesity classes.They found that compared with the middle BMI quintile group, patients with BMI value below 23.1, had greater chances for death. For the highest BMI quintile group, higher mortality rate was also observed.However, the researchers also found that obesity may as well be associated with increased mortality for some individual types of surgeries."These individual types of procedures include procedures with which the general surgeon should have definite experience: colorectal resection, colostomy formation, cholecystectomy, hernia repair, mastectomy, and wound debridement," said George J. Stukenborg, PhD, of the University of Virginia inCharlottesvilleand his colleagues.Based on a 30 –day morbidity and mortality risk calculation, the sample patients were categorized into BMI quintile ranges. BMI value of less than 23.1 was considered as lowest, values from 26.3 to 29.6 considered as the middle quintile, and above 35.2 considered as the highest.Factors such as lack of enough data on nonfatal complications and hospital resources, or examining mortality over the 30-day baseline, may cause limitations and inaccuracy to the research and more studies on a wider range of patients in terms of BMI are needed to further confirm the current conclusion, researchers said.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the brain is a key player in regulating glucose (sugar) metabolism in humans.The findings, published Monday in the online edition of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that drugs targeting the brain and central nervous system could be a novel approach to treating diabetes."The brain is the body's only organ that needs a constant supply of glucose to survive, so it makes sense that it would have some say over how much glucose is produced," said study leader Meredith Hawkins, professor of medicine and director of the Global Diabetes Initiative at Yeshiva University, in a statement. "This role for the brain was demonstrated in earlier studies in rodents, but there was considerable controversy over whether the results could be applied to humans. We hope this study helps to settle the matter."In an earlier study in rodents, researchers showed that activation of potassium channels in the brain's hypothalamus sends signals to the liver that dampen its production of glucose. Those findings, published in Nature in 2005, challenged the conventional thinking that blood sugar production by the liver (the body's glucose factory) is regulated only by the pancreas (which makes insulin to metabolize glucose). But carefully performed studies on dogs, conducted at Vanderbilt University, failed to replicate the results, suggesting the Einstein findings in rodents might not be relevant to higher mammals, including humans.The current study, involving people, was aimed at resolving this controversy. Ten nondiabetic subjects were given oral diazoxide, a drug that activates potassium channels in the hypothalamus. (The drug is not used to treat diabetes.) Hormone secretion by the pancreas was controlled to ensure that any change in sugar production would only have occurred through the drug's effect on the brain. After the researchers administered the drug, blood tests revealed that patients' livers were producing significantly less glucose than before.Hawkins and her team then repeated this in rats, again giving diazoxide orally, achieving similar results. They confirmed that sufficient amounts of diazoxide crossed the blood-brain barrier to affect potassium channels in the hypothalamus. Additional experiments confirmed that diazoxide was working through the brain. Specifically, the researchers were able to completely block the effects of diazoxide by infusing a specific potassium channel blocker directly into the brain."This study confirms that the brain plays a significant role in regulating glucose production by the liver," said lead author Preeti Kishore, assistant professor of medicine. "We are now investigating whether this 'brain-to-liver' pathway is impaired in people with diabetes. If so, we may be able to restore normal glucose regulation by targeting potassium channels in the brain."

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