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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As temperatures hit highs across the county's eastern portion, officials are taking annual precautions to close several popular hiking areas.Six county parks will be closed throughout August, including El Capitan Preserve near Lakeside, Hellhole Canyon Preserve in Valley Center, Mt. Gower Preserve near Ramona, Wilderness Gardens in Pala, Agua Caliente Regional Park in Anza Borrego, and Vallecito County Park near Julian.Agua Caliente Regional Park and Vallecito County Park are closed all summer until Labor Day weekend.The closure also gives park staff the chance to perform maintenance and other upgrades and restoration projects.For hiking and park areas that remain open all summer, county Parks and Recreation officials encourage visitors to always hike with others, leave pets at home on difficult hikes, take plenty of water and food, and dress appropriately for the activity. 913

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As San Diegans gear up for the Fourth of July, a new Gallup Poll puts American patriotism at a nearly 20-year low.The poll blames the country's sharply polarized political climate. It found that 45 percent of those polled were "extremely proud" to be American, while 70 percent said they were "proud.""Patriotism isn't something that you can force," said David Povlick, who was visiting downtown San Diego Wednesday. "It's something that people have to feel. I think it's being forced right now, and so that makes people rebel a bit."RELATED: California among least-patriotic states in the nation, according to reportStill, the heart of the city was filled with American flags and people sporting USA apparel the day before the Fourth of July. Mike Ismail, who owns Alamo Flags in SeaPort Village, gives out thousands of free American flags for the holiday each year. Ismail said he has visited many countries around the world, making him even more proud to be an American. Ismail said the holiday is above politics. "We're all united as one, it should be all that way," he said. "Democrat, Republican, all that aside, we're all American, that's what it's all about."Gallup says 22 percent of Democrats said they were extremely proud to be American, while 76 percent of Republicans shared that sentiment. 1332

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- City leaders are considering closing some streets in the Gaslamp Quarter to help with social distancing amid the coronavirus pandemic.Pictures on social media showed crowds of people congregating outside bars, many not wearing face coverings, shortly after they reopened Friday.According to a spokesman for San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, the city's department of special events is reviewing a proposal to shut down parts of Fifth Avenue between G and K streets to make it easier to physically distance by providing more room in parts of the public right of way for outdoor dining.The Gaslamp Quarter Association submitted the application, which would close close the streets Thursday, Fridays, and Saturdays. It could be approved and go into effect as soon as this Thursday.Robert Romero owns the Tivoli Bar and Grill. The longtime family-run restaurant on Sixth Avenue reopened Monday. It's the oldest bar in San Diego county."We were open originally in 1881, never have closed in all those years, during the depression, prohibition, World War I, World War Two, until now," said Romero.The owners say they'll be strict about social distancing, face coverings, and increased sanitation protocols."We will have someone at the front door constantly monitoring our customers and making sure they are holding to the restrictions put on us," said Romero.Romero said he noticed many other bars and restaurants were not following the county health orders."It was terrible, when they do that, they're not only reflecting on us, but also putting up the potential for shut down," said Romero.County Health Officials also acknowledged there were problems Friday night after the bars first reopened, but said the city is working to close some streets.California Assemblymember Todd Gloria is also concerned about crowds gathering in the Gaslamp."Part of their reopening is a limited of their capacity, they're operating at a fraction of what they can actually accommodate. Because they were metering the entrance of customers into their businesses, that overflow of customers ends up on the sidewalk," said Assemblymember Gloria.Gloria also thinks closing Fifth Avenue is a good idea."Let's see if there's a way to meet in the middle if you will, these businesses are adhering to the guidelines; the city can certainly help people by closing down the streets, we can be passing out face masks to people who are waiting," said Gloria.Back at Tivoli's, the owners are ready to welcome back customers."Behave, be happy, we love you, they love us and remember, I love it," said Romero, referring to the name Tivoli, spelled backwards. 2648

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — California has rejected San Diego County's request for a tier adjustment after the region was moved into the state's purple reopening tier.The county said that "San Diego’s increased cases are not due to the sectors impacted by moving into a more restrictive tier. County has interviewed cases to identify potential exposure settings and tracked community outbreaks."County health officials say businesses that will be impacted by purple tier restrictions saw the following breakdown of COVID-19 cases in October:Restaurant/bars: 7.4% of COVID-19 cases (715 of 9,646)Retail: 6.6% of COVID-19 cases (636 of 9,646)Places of worship: 1.9% of COVID-19 cases (184 of 9,646)K-12 schools: 1.7% of COVID-19 cases (165 of 9,646)Gyms: 0.4% of COVID-19 cases (39 of 9,646)In reference to October's data, the county said that, "outbreak data also show these sectors make up a small percentage of the cases overall ... Penalizing the impacted sectors for case increases is wrong, as these sectors continue to do the right things, while trying to weather the ongoing pandemic and the back and forth of re-openings."The county pointed to many local restaurants as an example of improving its mitigation efforts and investing in materials to make their settings safe for visitors, adding, "additionally, the closure of indoor restaurants, especially during the wintertime where outdoor dining is not optimal, will move individuals into homes and encourage gatherings, which is one of the high-risk areas for cases."Despite the request, the state decided on Sunday that the county will remain in the more restrictive purple tier.COUNTY'S EXPOSURE DATA (Oct. 25 - Nov. 7)According to county public health officials, between Oct. 25 and Nov. 7, there were a reported 5,576 COVID-19 cases.Of those cases, 3,833 cases were interviewed for contact tracing and 2,260 cases reported at least one of the potential exposure settings:Restaurant/bars: 389 casesBeach: 10 casesCasinos: 20 casesGroup gatherings: 159 casesGyms: 18 casesHair salon or barber: 97 casesPlaces of worship: 118 casesProtest: 0 casesRetail: 308 casesWork: 1,314 casesOther: 158 casesThe county says 1,573 of the 3,833 cases reported no potential exposure settings.Of all the cases between Oct. 25 and Nov. 7, the county says that people reported the possible exposure settings:Household exposure: 1,311 casesTravel-related exposure: 814 casesAny education-related exposure: 172 casesThrough Nov. 7, San Diego County has reported a total of 60,169 COVID-19 cases and 908 deaths from the virus. 2566

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