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WASHINGTON, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have found a way to block, in an animal model, the damaging inflammation that contributes to many disease conditions. In their report receiving early online publication Sunday in Nature Biotechnology, researchers describe using small interfering RNA technology to silence the biochemical signals that attract a particular group of inflammatory cells to areas of tissue damage."The white blood cells known as monocytes play a critical role in the early stages of the immune response," says Matthias Nahrendorf, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Center for Systems Biology, the paper's senior author. "We now know there are two subsets of monocytes -- an inflammatory subset that defends against pathogens and a reparative subset that supports healing. But if the inflammatory response is excessive, it can block the healing process and exacerbate conditions such as heart disease and cancer."Cells damaged by injury or disease release a cocktail of chemicals called cytokines that attract immune cells to the site of the damage. Inflammatory monocytes are guided to sites of tissue injury by a receptor protein called CCR2, and the MGH-led team devised a strategy targeting that molecule to block the inflammatory process but not the action of the reparative monocytes.Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology prevents production of specific proteins by binding to associated messenger RNA molecules and preventing their translation. However, the technique requires extreme precision in developing the right siRNA molecule and delivering it to the correct cellular location.To make sure that their siRNA preparation targeted the right monocytes, researchers first confirmed that its use reduced levels of CCR2 in monocytes and increased levels of the fragments produced when siRNA binds to its target. They then showed that monocytes from mice treated with the siRNA preparation were unable to migrate towards CCR2's usual molecular target. Experiments in animal models of several important diseases showed that the siRNA preparation reduced the amount of cardiac muscle damaged by a heart attack, reduced the size and the number of inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaques and in lymphomas, and improved the survival of transplanted pancreatic islets."These inflammatory monocytes are involved in almost every major disease," Nahrendorf explains. "Anti-inflammatory drugs currently on the market hit every inflammatory cell in the body, which can produce unwanted side effects. This new siRNA treatment doesn't affect inflammatory cells that don't rely on the CCR2 receptor. That makes a big difference."

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 27 (Xinhua) -- Hewlett-Packard(HP) on Thursday announced that it will keep its personal systems group ( PSG) and continue to sell personal computers."HP objectively evaluated the strategic, financial and operational impact of spinning off PSG. It's clear after our analysis that keeping PSG within HP is right for customers and partners, right for shareholders, and right for employees," Meg Whitman, HP president and chief executive officer, said in a statement.On Aug. 18, former CEO Leo Apotheker said HP was considering spin off the PC business, which drove shares of the company to plunge 20 percent the following day.HP then said its board of directors has authorized the exploration of strategic alternatives for the PSG, and it will consider a broad range of options that may include a full or partial separation of the PC business through a spin-off or other transaction.According to HP, the review so far revealed the depth of the integration of its PC division that has occurred across the company's key operations including supply chain and procurement.In addition, it indicated that the division has made significant contributions to HP's solutions portfolio and overall brand value."Finally, it also showed that the cost to recreate these in a standalone company outweighed any benefits of separation," HP said in a press release announcing the latest decision.HP is now the world's largest PC-maker with revenues of the PC division totaling 40.7 billion U.S. dollars for fiscal year 2010, according to figures from the company.A recent report from market research firm Gartner found that in the third quarter of 2011, HP's PC shipments grew 5.3 percent year- on-year, faster than the industry average of 3.2 percent, and its share in global PC market actually increased slightly to 17.7 percent.Though the PC division has a lower margin, the position and scale as the world's No. 1 PC-vendor gives HP advantage to negotiate with other suppliers and helps its other businesses, analysts said.The announcement to keep the PC unit is seen as the first major move of HP under new CEO Whitman, who took the job just over a month ago after replacing Apotheker on Sept. 22.

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- An organizer of the World Stem Cell Summit says one of the key problems medical researchers face these days is how to apply their findings in the real world."How do you take the phenomenal scientific research going on in labs and translate it into medical treatments,?" said Bernie Siegel, the founder and co-chair of the summit and executive director of the Genetic Policy Institute, which organized the event."It's a big job to do this, and more than just the science," Siegel said, noting that in a growing field now moving beyond basic lab research, the aim is to connect the people who do the work with those who finance it.The three-day summit, which opened Monday in Pasadena, features more than 150 top international speakers and 50 hours of programming with leaders from science, pharmaceutics, business, policy, ethics, law and other fields.The cell therapy industry, a "nascent" field, has emerged to be a potentially multi-billion business with unlimited potential, Siegel said.Stephen Dalton, a University of Georgia professor, reported that one of the biggest developments in stem cell research in the past year was the realization that cells can be transdifferentiated from one state to another without returning to a pluripotent state.Dalton said the principle was previously supported by a few isolated examples but it was not until 2010 that the idea was widely accepted.Mark Sussman, a professor from San Diego State University, called the identification of lung stem cells from human tissue samples capable of regenerating the highly complex and specialized structures of mature lungs a breakthrough in lung biology and regenerative medicine.He said results presented by the Anversa group in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrate that human lung stem cells can be expanded in vitro and also retain the capacity to integrate into adult tissue upon introduction into mice.The study, Sussman said, has opened up an entirely new field of possibilities for lung regeneration and potential therapeutic applications for many conditions where treatment options are either very limited or nonexistent.

BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's efforts to fight AIDS are impressive and its experience can be shared, according to Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)."We have seen progress in terms of new infections. The number of people going into treatment is increasing and the mortality rate is going down very quickly in China," Sidibe said during an interview with Xinhua on Wednesday.Sidibe said he was impressed by the country's political leadership and commitment to controlling AIDS.According to UNAIDS, the country has reported a 60-percent reduction in deaths due to AIDS over the past eight years.New HIV infection cases in China have been reduced from 70,000 people annually in 2005 to around 48,000 in 2011, according to the country's health department."However, China's success will not only be measured by what it has done for the Chinese people," Sidibe said.China has successful experience in reducing new HIV infections among intravenous drug users, which can be shared with the rest of the world, particularly east Europe and south Asia where HIV infections among drug abusers is a major challenge, he said.Sidibe suggested that the country should work with the rest of the developing world, particularly Africa, in fighting AIDS.A partnership between China and Africa will make a "big, big difference" in reducing AIDS mortality rates and introducing new technology and perspectives in Africa, said the official who had worked for UN in several African countries for more than two decades.Admitting the challenges of funding AIDS control programs during the current global economic downturn, Sidibe called for global solidarity and increasing shared responsibilities among countries."It is a critical moment now. It is not a time to stop investment but to redouble our efforts, to make sure that we will continue to make progress in the fight against HIV," Sidibe said."Getting to Zero" has been chosen as the main theme of World AIDS Day for the next five years, referring to UNAIDS' vision of "zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths."Sidibe met with Li Congjun, president of the Xinhua News Agency, on Wednesday before the interview. The agency has launched a global media campaign in cooperation with UNAIDS to raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS."The partnership (with Xinhua) is not only about writing news about HIV. It is about helping people to change their attitude and make decisions to help protect themselves," Sidibe said.

MOSCOW, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- Russia's Proton-M carrier rocket was launched on Friday from the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan with a Chinese communications satellite "AsiaSat-7", according to Russia's Federal Space Agency Roscosmos.Roscosmos' live broadcast on its official website showed that the Proton-M rocket atop the Briz-M upper stage was launched at 23: 10 Moscow time (1910 GMT). The separation of the satellite from the rocket was scheduled for 08:23 Moscow time (0423 GMT) on Saturday.The AsiaSat-7 which belongs to the Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company Limited (AsiaSat) located in Hong Kong, China, is a new generation satellite designed to replace AsiaSat 3S at the orbital location of 105.5 degrees East.The new satellite was expected to support a broad range of applications for the Asia-Pacific region, including television broadcast and VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) networks.

来源：资阳报