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BEIJING, Oct. 10 (Xinhua) -- The State Council, or China's cabinet, announced on Monday it will tax all resource products starting Nov. 1, extending the resource tax on domestic sales of crude oil and natural gas from some regions to the entire country.The list of taxable resources widened from crude oil and natural gas to coal, rare earth, salt and metal from Nov. 1, according to the country's revised resource tax regulations.The expansion of the resource tax is part of China's efforts to encourage energy conservancy and limit environmental damage.Sales of crude oil and natural gas nationwide will be taxed at a rate between five and 10 percent of their sales value, according to the revised regulations.The regulations impose a sales tax ranging from eight (1.25 U.S. dollars) to 20 yuan per metric ton on coking coal and from 0.40 to 60 yuan per metric ton on rare earth ore.Taxes on other types of coal stood unchanged at 0.30 to five yuan per metric ton.The tax rate for other non-ferrous metals is set between 0.4 to 30 yuan per metric ton. Ferrous metals will be taxed at two to 30 yuan per metric ton.Taxes on precious non-metallic ore will be between 0.5 to 20 yuan per kg or per carat, while taxes on cheap non-metallic ore are set between 0.5to 20 yuan per metric or per cubic meter.China's current resource tax is levied based on production volume instead of sales value, thus preventing the government from benefiting from energy and commodity price increases.Nonetheless, energy giants and mining companies such as PetroChina and Sinopec have enjoyed large profit margins on the sale of resources under the current tax scheme.A resource tax on oil and natural gas was introduced at a rate of five percent in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on June 1, 2010 before being extended to 11 other provinces in December last year.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the brain is a key player in regulating glucose (sugar) metabolism in humans.The findings, published Monday in the online edition of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that drugs targeting the brain and central nervous system could be a novel approach to treating diabetes."The brain is the body's only organ that needs a constant supply of glucose to survive, so it makes sense that it would have some say over how much glucose is produced," said study leader Meredith Hawkins, professor of medicine and director of the Global Diabetes Initiative at Yeshiva University, in a statement. "This role for the brain was demonstrated in earlier studies in rodents, but there was considerable controversy over whether the results could be applied to humans. We hope this study helps to settle the matter."In an earlier study in rodents, researchers showed that activation of potassium channels in the brain's hypothalamus sends signals to the liver that dampen its production of glucose. Those findings, published in Nature in 2005, challenged the conventional thinking that blood sugar production by the liver (the body's glucose factory) is regulated only by the pancreas (which makes insulin to metabolize glucose). But carefully performed studies on dogs, conducted at Vanderbilt University, failed to replicate the results, suggesting the Einstein findings in rodents might not be relevant to higher mammals, including humans.The current study, involving people, was aimed at resolving this controversy. Ten nondiabetic subjects were given oral diazoxide, a drug that activates potassium channels in the hypothalamus. (The drug is not used to treat diabetes.) Hormone secretion by the pancreas was controlled to ensure that any change in sugar production would only have occurred through the drug's effect on the brain. After the researchers administered the drug, blood tests revealed that patients' livers were producing significantly less glucose than before.Hawkins and her team then repeated this in rats, again giving diazoxide orally, achieving similar results. They confirmed that sufficient amounts of diazoxide crossed the blood-brain barrier to affect potassium channels in the hypothalamus. Additional experiments confirmed that diazoxide was working through the brain. Specifically, the researchers were able to completely block the effects of diazoxide by infusing a specific potassium channel blocker directly into the brain."This study confirms that the brain plays a significant role in regulating glucose production by the liver," said lead author Preeti Kishore, assistant professor of medicine. "We are now investigating whether this 'brain-to-liver' pathway is impaired in people with diabetes. If so, we may be able to restore normal glucose regulation by targeting potassium channels in the brain."

HONOLULU, United States, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and leaders of other Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) members met in Honolulu, Hawaii, Sunday to find ways to speed up regional economic integration, free trade and investment, and economic and technological cooperation.The annual meeting, hosted by U.S. President Barack Obama in his home state, is being convened at the JW Marriott Ihilani, Honolulu, to boost regional economic integration, trade, green growth, job creation in green industries, energy security, and regulatory cooperation.President Hu is expected to speak at the meeting. He will introduce China's stand on the topics and call for "improving global economic governance, shifting the growth methods, promoting economic globalization and regional economic integration," according to Chinese diplomats.Hu will join other APEC leaders in meeting with the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC), which presents recommendations to APEC leaders in an annual dialogue and advises APEC officials on business sector priorities and concerns.During this year's dialogue, APEC leaders are expected to discuss regional economic integrity, the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises, food security and other issues with ABAC representatives.This year's APEC meeting convenes at a time when the global economic recovery is fraught with instability and uncertainty, and encounters growing risks and challenges.Some major economies are experiencing an economic slowdown, while in the eurozone, sovereign debt risks are rising in some countries. High inflationary pressure is a problem in emerging economies, including some in the Asia-Pacific region. Protectionism in various forms is mounting.In face of the challenges, the APEC leaders will look for effective measures to stimulate the global economy, regional economic integration, free trade and investment, and economic and technological cooperation.China hopes the APEC members will implement the economic growth strategy agreed on last year, striving to achieve a balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative and safe economic growth, said Wu Hailong, assistant foreign minister of China, at a press briefing last week.He said that China expects the APEC members to comprehensively promote regional trade and investment liberalization, adding that all members should fulfill their commitments and oppose all forms of trade protectionism.APEC should strengthen economic and technical cooperation to enhance the ability of the developing members to develop further, and therefore to achieve common prosperity, said the senior diplomat."APEC members generally hold positive attitudes toward U.S. proposals in various fields such as green growth, innovation policy. But some of the U.S.'s expected outcomes are beyond the capacity of the developing members, and they have expressed their difficulties and concerns," Wu said.
CAPE TOWN, Dec. 15 (Xinhua) -- More people voluntarily get HIV tests in the Western Cape province, an indication of people's rising awareness of the epidemic, authorities said on Thursday.Nearly 11,000 people in the province have been tested over the past 10 days as authorities stepped efforts to halve the number of HIV transmissions over the next few years, according to official figures.Authorities expect more people to be tested when the monthly campaign ends by the end of December.In December last year, 67,111 people were tested.This year's figure is expected to be higher than that of last year, said Western Cape Premier Helen Zille.The campaign, known as Know Your Status and Win, may become a regular feature in the province, said Zille.To encourage more people to take part in the campaign, the province offers awards to several winners by drawing, ranging from 10,000 rand (about 1,250 U. S. dollars) to 50,000 rand (about 6, 250 dollars)."The bottom line is that people respond to incentives," said Zille, who hailed the campaign a success.She said the reality was that those who stubbornly did not want to get tested, were those crucially in need of doing so.While the data still had to be audited, preliminary results indicated a spike in the number of people who were tested.There was also a significant increase at routine testing center that were not part of the campaign, said Zille. Of 22.9 million HIV positive people in sub-Saharan Africa, 5.6 million in South Africa, according to an annual report by UNAIDS.
BEIJING, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- China's first space lab module were in good condition and all tests went on "smoothly" during the past week, according to a statement issued by the country's space project authorities Thursday.The unmanned module, Tiangong-1, or Heavenly Palace-1, blasted off on Sept. 29 from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's desert area.Tiangong-1 switched to the orbit of 362 kilometers high and had orbited the Earth for 109 times by 6:00 p.m. Thursday, the statement said.Tests on the module's remote control system, video/audio equipments, temperature/humidity sensors, docking facilities and other functions had been conducted successfully, it added.It also revealed that the Jiuquan Launch Center and other units were preparing for the launch of the Shenzhou-8 unmanned spacecraft, which is scheduled to join the Tiangong-1 later this year.Shenzhou-8 and Tiangong-1 are expected to perform China's first space docking at a height of 340 kilometers above the earth's surface.
来源:资阳报